The structural units of the organization are the basis on which the various formations are based. They should be as relevant as possible to the ongoing activities and be most effective in fulfilling their direct responsibilities.
general information
In small organizations, a common situation is when one function is assigned to a specific employee or he performs several tasks. As they grow, several workers are already doing the same. At this stage of development, there is a need to unite these people in certain units, called departments, groups, sections, sections, links, shops. This is done in order to optimize handling. As a unifying factor, the functions performed are used. So the structural units of the organization are formed.
Specificity
The creation of units is based on data on the type of activity, the number of personnel, location and other characteristics. Consider this example: a company makes concrete blocks, the advertising department is engaged in sales, and accounting is in the accounting department. But there is a significant difference between the various actors. So, the structural divisions of the construction organization are significantly different from what is in the composition of banking institutions. Also takes into account the specifics of the coordination of various departments. The larger the organization, the more important the management issue becomes.
Ideally, it is necessary to ensure that all units are connected by a common goal and have all the necessary information support. As it grows, adhering to this state of affairs becomes more difficult, which affects interaction and the communication network. In this case, it is very important to keep a clear separation of duties. Otherwise, you can wait for an internal conflict. To avoid uncertainty, clear criteria should be followed. And then it doesn’t matter what is the object of influence - structural units of a credit organization, bank, IT company, factory or agricultural subject - their effectiveness will be at their best.
Types of units
The classification was taken as the basis, within which 61 departments are distinguished. They will be more or less structured by the similarity of their responsibilities. It should also be noted that in practice their names may have a slightly different look, but the essence of this does not change. In more detail, this will help to familiarize yourself with the internal situation. The structural divisions of the educational organization and the commercial enterprise vary due to different goals. So when studying specific subjects, this must be taken into account. After all, different goals are pursued, the structural units of the organization are working to achieve them. Species exist as follows.
Administrative, financial and accounting and support services
The work of the basics and the balancing of the work of the organization depend on them. These include:
- Stationery.
- Secretariat.
- Office service.
- Department of labor protection .
- HR management service.
- Department of Labor Organization.
- Bookkeeping.
- Operational Management Service.
- Financial unit.
- Department of Foreign Economic Relations.
- Warehouses for finished products and materials.
- Planning and Economic Department.
- Standardization service.
- Legal service.
- Human Resources Department.
- Security Service.
- Computing Center.
- WOHR - paramilitary security.
You can also often meet structural units of an educational organization. Often they operate in higher education institutions, large engineering, scientific, agricultural, industrial and other companies where advanced products are developed. Among them, research, technical and production departments are distinguished.
Research and Development Units
The following units work in this area:
- Research Department.
- Technical and Economic Research Service.
- Department of technical control.
- Laboratory of measuring equipment.
- Design Department.
- Technical service.
- Pilot production.
- Testing shop.
- Department of automation (mechanization).
- Service of scientific and technical information.
- Experienced workshop.
- Department of the chief technologist.
- Staff training service.
- Instrumental department.
- Design and technical service.
- Department of chief mechanic.
- Training Bureau.
- Pilot workshop.
- Marketing Research Bureau.
- Research laboratory.
- Bureau of Nature Protection.
- Department of invention and patenting.
Production units
These are departments, workshops and services that directly mass produce goods for their sale to end consumers. These include:
- Logistics Department.
- Service picking and external cooperation.
- Production and dispatch department.
- Capital Construction Division.
- Auxiliary production workshops.
- Energy and mechanical department.
- Department of Chief Power Engineer.
- Transport shop.
- Department of the chief designer.
- Production workshops (assembly, machining and the like).
- Special design office.
- Repair and construction workshop.
- Energy shop.
- Mechanical repair shop.
These are the structural units of the organization. Types of implementation also exist different: departments, laboratories, services and bureaus. Each approach has its advantages, because of which it is chosen. And now let's look at a small example of functioning in which structural units of an educational organization will operate. How do they function? What is the communication system within the organization based on when transferring data between different structural units?
Educational example
As a subject of research, we take a large university. This organization is suitable due to its size, numerous divisions and a very wide range of activities. So, first, let's highlight the administrative units. Each university has management components (administration, dean's office), personnel department, accounting, system administrators service. Research institutes and centers may also be separate.
Further, the division already goes to the level of departments. Each of them leads in 4-6 groups. And if there is distance learning, then 8-12. Thus, student groups are the smallest number of units in large universities. These educational institutions built a literally perfect (on paper) interaction. So, the administration has received information from the Ministry of Education in general terms. Then he passes it to the deans in the planning departments, which break up all the necessary material into the required number of hours, take care of the provision of audiences and the absence of conflicts. This information subsequently goes to the department, which can make suggestions.
Conclusion
As you can see, structural units implement the principle of specialization of labor, which allows ultimately to obtain higher efficiency from activities. To bring this indicator to the maximum possible level, care should be taken to ensure that each person has a clearly defined instruction for the workplace, which indicates the responsibilities and capabilities of each. For effective cooperation and interaction, care must be taken to ensure that information is transmitted quickly and without delay.