Penicillin antibiotics have bactericidal properties, low toxicity, a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. In addition, these drugs are affordable and cheap.
Benzylpenicillin sodium salt is included in the category “penicillin antibiotics”. The drug is acid-resistant and is destroyed under the influence of intestinal p-lactamases (enzymes that completely or partially block the activity of antibiotics). The use of the drug is intravenous, intramuscular, endolumbar. Immediately before administration, the drug is dissolved. The medication has a high penetrating ability in relation to the mucous membranes of the heart, kidneys, intestinal wall, synovial and pleural fluid. Poor passage through the BBB (blood-brain barrier) is noted. The duration of the drug is from three to four hours. It is active mainly in relation to gram-positive microflora (cocci), pathogens of diphtheria, syphilis, anthrax and others. The drug is indicated for pneumonia, purulent-septic infections, abscesses, diphtheria, syphilis, meningitis and other pathologies.
Benzylpenicillin potassium salt has all the above properties. It differs from sodium salt by the limited administration methods (only intramuscularly).
Phenoxymethylpenicillin (smallpox, penicillin-Fau) also belongs to the category “penicillin antibiotics”. It differs from previous preparations by acid resistance. In addition, the drug is characterized by a high prolonged concentration in the blood, as well as good absorption. This antibiotic is indicated for infectious diseases in mild forms provoked by penicillin-sensitive pathogens.
Penicillin antibiotics also include Bicillin. This prolonged preparation is intended for intramuscular use only. The medication is indicated for the prevention of surgical infections, relapses of rheumatism, as well as for therapeutic purposes for syphilis, pneumonia and other pathologies.
Penicillin antibiotics also include broad-spectrum drugs.
One of these medicines is ampicillin. The drug is acid resistant. It is able to be absorbed into the blood quickly, penetrate into body fluids and tissues, with the exception of cerebrospinal fluid.
Ampioks has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial effects, as well as bactericidal action on staphylococcus penicillinase-producing. This medication is prescribed for purulent-septic and ENT infections, infections of the respiratory organs, urinary and biliary tract, sepsis, abscess, meningitis, peritonitis and other diseases.
A wide spectrum of effects also has the drug Carbenicillin. The medication is very effective against infections provoked by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gram-negative bacteria, acid-resistant. It does not have resistance to p-lactamases (blocking enzymes). The drug is not absorbed in the digestive tract, therefore its use is only intravenous or intramuscular.
Amoxicillin is a semisynthetic broad-spectrum penicillin . Bioabsorption of the drug more than 90%. Amoxicillin tablets can be dissolved, swallowed or chewed.
It should be noted that, as a rule, penicillin preparations are well tolerated by patients. Mild side effects are possible in the form of allergic skin rashes, vomiting, nausea, and stool disorders.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics often suppress not only pathogenic microflora, but also beneficial ones.
Some pathogenic bacteria are resistant to many drugs. Therefore, scientists are creating more modern antibiotics that act on new strains.