Along with instrumental studies, laboratory tests are additional methods for diagnosing diseases. Modern medicine has a large arsenal of laboratory research, one of the most important is a biochemical blood test.
A biochemical blood test is used in order to obtain more detailed data on the work of the whole organism or any particular organ, since the biochemical composition of the blood changes with the slightest impairment of their functions. This popular laboratory diagnostic method provides a lot of information for the doctor and has a high degree of reliability. The analysis of biochemical parameters is used to diagnose diseases of many organs and systems in therapy, gynecology, and surgery. The modern biochemical analysis includes several dozen different indicators. Consider only those that are most important in the correct diagnosis of diseases of organs and systems.
Biochemical blood counts for diseases of the heart and blood vessels
In patients with atherosclerosis, which causes the development of ischemic heart disease, hypertension and other pathologies of the heart and blood vessels, cholesterol and beta-lipoproteins are determined.
An informative diagnostic test of damage to the heart muscle is an increase in the activity of the enzymes creatine phosphokinase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase.
To determine the degree of activity of inflammation in rheumatism, myocarditis and other inflammatory diseases, protein fractions are determined - albumin and globulin.
Biochemical blood counts for diseases of the digestive tract
Biochemical parameters occupy a critical place in the diagnosis of liver diseases. They are not very specific and do not provide an accurate diagnosis, but their results make it possible to assess the functional state of the liver and the degree of its violation. The main indicators of the functional state of the liver are pigment, carbohydrate, protein, enzyme and lipid metabolism. The study of pigment exchange involves determining the content of bilirubin in the blood of general, direct and indirect. The state of carbohydrate metabolism is evidenced by the amount of sialic acids, seromucoid and lactic acid. Protein metabolism is characterized by total blood protein and its fractions. The indicators characterizing the functioning of the liver also include total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins.
Biochemical blood counts for kidney disease
The most important indicator of kidney function, which determines the biochemical analysis of blood - creatinine. The state of the functional ability of the kidneys is also judged by the level of urea.
In assessing the work of other bodies, this analysis is not of great importance.
Preparation of the patient and the technique of taking a blood test for biochemistry
Preparing the patient for analysis on biochemical parameters is not difficult. Typically, this analysis is taken in the morning, the patient should come on an empty stomach, so before taking the test, you must eat nothing for 6-8 hours.
To determine biochemical parameters in a patient, 5-10 ml of blood is taken from the cubital vein. Typically, the results of the analysis are ready within a day after blood donation.
Blood biochemical parameters should be determined even if there are no special deviations from health. Analysis indicators will help evaluate the work of the whole organism and timely identify possible deviations in the functioning of a particular organ. A blood test for biochemistry will help to take the necessary measures before the symptoms of a certain disease appear, which will be much more difficult to treat at a developed clinical stage.