Psychological rehabilitation is required for every person after a serious injury, attack or loss of habitual physical abilities. It is not easy to get used to living in new conditions without the ability to speak, walk, see or other normal body functions. Doctors have effective methods of helping affected people, restoring the social level of interaction with the outside world.
The purpose of the methods
Psychological rehabilitation helps society to return healthy children to social life after accidents, injuries or stresses. Full health is not limited to the proper functioning of the body. Morale affects the recovery process.
Psychological rehabilitation helps society eliminate the future aggressive behavior of the patient, which can even lead to crime. In children, the consequences can be dire: loss of craving for life and inability to independently return to the social environment. Complications are often observed after loss of limb function, and psychological discomfort is formed in front of others.
Psychological rehabilitation is aimed at solving the following problems:
- The return of the state of mind to normal.
- Search for treatment options that facilitate the rehabilitation of victims.
- Doctors help the victim to find inner harmony with himself, remove the contradictions and accept the accomplished event as inevitable.
- Assistance in the interaction of the victim with social groups.
The goals of all methods are aimed at normalizing the psychological health and social behavior of the child.
Classification
Psychological rehabilitation is divided into 3 types of care in different areas:
- Medical. The help is based on preparing patients for operations, restoring the psyche after injuries, overcoming pain. Preservation of personality after disability.
- Professional. More often, the preservation and restoration of lost skills is carried out in adults. But for children, exercises are combined with psychological methods to restore writing, the worked out movements of the arms and legs after injuring the body.
- Social. Loss of body functionality entails psychological discomfort. To facilitate the recovery period, psychological rehabilitation of children in the group. An important component of assistance is the adaptation of the victim to perform body functions in a wheelchair, the study of ways to overcome borders and other obstacles.
The psychological rehabilitation center creates the conditions under which a person is placed in an environment of positive emotions. This approach allows you to unobtrusively master the methods of interaction with the outside world.
Preventive work with patients
Socio-psychological rehabilitation of children can be used before the onset of severe conditions, when the child is already receiving a negative “imprint” after an unsuccessful operation. Therefore, prior to its implementation, it is advisable to prepare the psyche for a known result. If it is already clear that he will become disabled, then they begin to create in his mind the image of a successful person, even with the loss of partial functionality of the body.
A wheelchair should not be a sentence for a child. There are many examples of people with disabilities who have become athletes, leaders, or scientists. The child must accept his new state without worries.
Goals of methods when working with a child
Socio-psychological rehabilitation is aimed at achieving the following conditions:
- Determining the state of the psyche of patients, quantifying the disorder.
- Hospitalization of children in severe cases, when constant monitoring is required and there is a high risk of complications.
- Full return of the lost psychological opportunities.
- Choosing a way to adjust the child’s consciousness, increasing his self-esteem.
- Preparation for the operation, new sensations after its completion.
- Help in the study of significant social actions in the lost abilities of the child.
- Quick involvement of the patient in daily duties, practicing weakened motor functions of the body.
As a result, doctors seek to get a healthy child with a stronger nervous system so that future unusual conditions do not lead to internal feelings. The principle of “forewarned means armed” is working.
Principles for implementing assistance
The psychological rehabilitation of persons with disabilities is based on a number of principles. The first is the urgency of assistance, the semantic content of which is the timely provision of psychological relief after shock, severe stress, or feelings. A couple of minutes of therapy eliminates future downturns in the patient’s nervous system for a long time.
Distinguishes pedagogical and medical psychological assistance. Rehabilitation of patients can be carried out by a complex method: the simultaneous preparation of psychological consciousness and getting rid of centers of physical stress using drugs. In case of injuries of children associated with violence, additional measures are taken: the state of life in the family, behavior in society are assessed, adjustments are made by creating positive images. In some cases, the child has to be protected not only psychologically, but also legally.
Community involvement
Social and pedagogical rehabilitation is required for the development of an active life position of the child. It is required to overcome the isolation of consciousness from an unfavorable combination of circumstances. The patient needs to regain his self-image in order to direct his strength towards a positive attitude. Collective therapy is not always successful, but it helps children determine their place in a social group.
Group classes among children of the same age help to remove the complexity, remove distrust of therapeutic methods. The affected child often forms aggression towards people who are similar to the person who caused the harm. Social adaptation is aimed at ensuring that the patient has a different opinion: people are not all the same with external similarities.
What are they doing at the clinic?
Rehabilitation of the child begins with the creation of a favorable environment. Conditions should not coincide with the situation during the accident, injury. Specialists are trying to provide options for realizing the child’s capabilities: drawing, teaching school subjects, games and more. He is given a role to play in a group of children.
It is self-determined with his position, the child can overcome emotional experiences and show will. An effective help technique is fairy-tale therapy, where each player chooses a character he likes. Through interaction with others in a positive mood, the following goals are achieved:
- The aggressiveness of the child is reduced.
- The feeling of fear of the world is overcoming.
- Barriers to communication with children with disabilities disappear.
- The potential for creative work is growing.
- The child’s fantasies are realized, after which real life does not seem gloomy.
Individual programs
For each child, a specific set of techniques is selected according to his capabilities, interests and physical data. Systematization of the process reduces the time for rehabilitation of the psyche. The time spent in the clinic is determined after taking into account the opinions of the parents. The rehabilitation center can take the baby to the hospital if necessary.
The relatives of the disabled child should also be trained so that everyone can help him if necessary. It will be necessary to master the methods of using technical means, as well as providing emergency assistance in case of a deterioration in the well-being of the victim. Medical assistance is needed to reduce stress in the nervous system due to an injured area of the body. Relief can be achieved through the use of painkillers, antidepressants.