For the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases, as well as bile ducts, duodenal sounding is used. The purpose of the procedure is to obtain for research the contents of the duodenum (duodenum - duodenum). It consists mainly of the secret of the pancreas together with bile.
Using this study, a conclusion is also made about the health and condition of the following internal organs:
- duodenum,
- gall bladder
- bile ducts
- pancreas,
- liver.
In some cases, pathologies of the above organs are detected.
Duodenal sounding is also carried out for medicinal purposes. In this case, the corresponding drugs are administered through a special duodenal probe.
Duodenal probe
It is a sterile thin rubber tube, 1.5 meters long with a clearance diameter of 2.3 millimeters. At the end inserted into the stomach, the tube contains a metal olive with holes hollow inside.
Duodenal sounding. Preparation, process
- The patient must be prepared psychologically, convincing him of the complete safety of the manipulations.
- Duodenal sounding of the patient is carried out in a special room on an empty stomach. On the eve of the patient takes a solution of atropine subcutaneously or internally, dinner should be light, excluding products that provoke gas formation. This is black bread, potatoes, milk.
- The patient should rinse his mouth with an antiseptic solution.
- On the duodenal probe, the distance from the teeth to the navel of the patient in a standing position is noted.
- Olive, which can be lubricated with glycerin, is inserted into the patient's mouth.
- It is pushed to the root of the tongue and the patient, relaxing and breathing deeply, makes swallowing movements.
- Thus, the probe is gradually swallowed until the olive passes into the duodenum. Usually she gets there within one to two hours.
- The patient is placed on the right side, and with the help of the inserted probe, a portion “A” of the duodenal contents is pumped out into the tube prepared in advance. This is duodenum juice mixed with bile. The color of the liquid is usually light yellow.
- A special stimulus is introduced through a duodenal probe and after a short period of time (5-10 minutes) a portion “B” is obtained. This is a concentrated dark, olive bile from the gallbladder. If within a quarter of an hour the contents cannot be taken, the irritant is re-administered.
- After complete emptying of the gallbladder, a clear liquid is obtained, which is a mixture of intestinal juice and hepatic bile - a portion of "C".
It is not always possible to get all portions of bile even in completely healthy people, due to the lack of a reflex with the introduction of a stimulus. However, in some cases, duodenal sounding can be applied by the five-phase method, involving 5 phases of bile secretion.
Chromatic duodenal sounding
- About twenty hours before the sounding procedure, the patient is given a methylene blue gelatin capsule. This is done two hours later (but not earlier) after a light dinner.
- In the morning, traditional duodenal sounding is performed. In this case, bile turns blue. This is because methylene blue discolors when passing through into the liver bile through the blood. When it enters the gallbladder, its color is restored again, staining bile.
With this method, it is possible to accurately determine the amount of gallbladder bile, as well as a number of other studies. This method of diagnosing the biliary tract is very effective.
It is also possible, with the aim of treating parasitosis, to administer antibiotics through a probe when duodenal sounding is performed. In this case, parasites are directly affected by the corresponding drugs.
In children, the technique and procedure for conducting soundings are the same, taking into account the age-specific.