Ukraine is one of the richest countries in Europe and the world in terms of the total amount of natural resources.
Minerals of Ukraine have one hundred seventeen species and eight thousand deposits. A huge number of workers work in this industry. The map of minerals of Ukraine totals almost three thousand deposits with industrial development. More than two thousand mining and processing enterprises are successfully conducting business activities in the state.
Minerals of Ukraine: oil, gas, coal, uranium, iron, aluminum, chromium, nickel, zinc, gold, silver, tin and many others.
The state holds an honorable first place in manganese ore deposits among the CIS countries. Minerals of Ukraine, such as coal and iron ore, allow the state to take second place in the same list.
The total amount of world minerals is about five percent.
Kinds
- Fuel - oil, gas, coal, shale, peat.
- Ore - iron, manganese, nickel, aluminum.
- Non-metals - graphite, precious stones.
- Rare metals - zirconium, titanium, tin, strontium, molybdenum, tungsten, uranium.
Oil and gas
Oil and gas are the most important minerals of Ukraine. It is important for students to know the amount of fuel in the country, its quality and the possibility of real application. Deposits are available in all regions of the country. The largest oil and gas regions are:
- Dnieper-Donets Basin. Currently, the Sumy, Poltava, Chernihiv and Kharkov regions are included in the oil and gas region. A large amount of associated natural gas. This feature makes it possible to reduce production costs and provide nearby settlements with blue fuel.
- Carpathian region. The first deposits were formed about one hundred and thirty-five million years ago. Industrial mining began in the late eighteenth century. Advanced German and Austrian technologies made it possible to extract more than two million tons of the highest quality oil from the bowels of the earth by the beginning of the twentieth century. According to some reports, about five percent of the world's raw materials were mined in the region. Mining is carried out using oil rigs.
In the 1950s, scientists discovered new deposits. Extraction was very active.
At the moment, most of the deposits are depleted. Active production continues mainly in the districts of Lviv and Ivano-Frankivsk regions. Research by geologists gives positive results regarding the discovery of new deposits.
The total explored and discovered oil reserves in the deposits of Ukraine amounted to almost two hundred million tons. Such a quantity of raw materials can cover a significant need of the country's population. However, it is not enough, and oil and oil products have to be imported from abroad. The main suppliers are the Russian Federation, Belarus, Lithuania, Romania, Poland, Hungary, Italy, Bulgaria, Turkmenistan.
The total explored and discovered reserves of natural gas in the fields of Ukraine amounted to more than a trillion cubic meters, propane and butane - almost fifty billion.
The main gas fields are concentrated in the Carpathian region - the territory of the Lviv and Ivano-Frankivsk regions, as well as in the Poltava and Kharkov regions.
The most famous gas fields: Dashavskoye, Shebelinskoye.
Coal
Minerals of Ukraine are represented by two types of this fuel: black (stone) and brown. The first type of coal in the country is more than fifty-four billion tons. According to this indicator, the state ranks seventh in the world.
The main reserves are concentrated in the Donetsk coal basin. Development has been underway since the late eighteenth century. At the moment, the depth of the reservoir begins at a depth of 1200 meters. This feature makes mining impossible by open pit mining. On the territory there are a large number of mines. Large tilt angles raise the cost of the fossil. At the moment, he is on the verge of profitability. Anthracite and coking coal are mined in the Donbass region .
Minerals of Ukraine (see the main types of photos in the article), we can say, inexhaustible.
Lviv-Volyn coal basin - the second largest mining site in the country. The depth of the raw materials is up to seven hundred meters. It was discovered relatively recently - industrial development began only in the second half of the last century.
Unfortunately, coal is quite wet and characterized by high ash content.
Due to the unprofitability of transportation, it is mainly used in the region as household fuel.
Coals are not the only fuel minerals of Ukraine: the table of solid fuel raw materials of the country is also presented by brown "brother". Deposits in four regions form the Dnieper brown coal region.
Mining occurs through a career path. Due to unprofitable transportation and increased flowability, it is also used mainly in the region.
Brown coal mining in the Carpathian and Transcarpathian regions is currently stopped.
Manganese, iron and copper ore
Ukraine occupies a leading world position in reserves of manganese ore. The main deposits are Nikopol and Veliko Tokmack.
Iron ore reserves reach twenty million tons. Bedding allows you to make mining in an open pit way. The iron content exceeds seventy percent. The main deposits are Krivorozhskoye and Kremenchutskoye.
Also in the bowels of Ukraine is more than twenty million tons of copper ores. The main deposits are within the Volyn-Podolsk plate.
Mercury
In Ukraine, more than two percent of the world's reserves of this natural resource. The main deposits are in Transcarpathia and in the east of the country.
Salt
Huge reserves of white matter are concentrated in the Donetsk basin. Products of the highest quality are always successful abroad.
Export and Import
The main exported minerals are: salt, potassium (fertilizers), graphite, mercury, building stone (granite, basalt), iron ore (stainless steel products), salt.
The main import items are oil and natural gas.