Today, one of the fastest growing sports is ball hockey (bendy). The rules of the game are not much different from traditional hockey, but there are a number of fundamental differences.
General concepts
Ball hockey is a winter team sport. Matches are held on the ice ground. Players must move around the rink on skates. Manipulations with the ball are made only with clubs. This applies to standard shots, and goals, and passes. Goalkeepers do not have clubs, but they have special gloves in their arsenal.
The goal of the game is to defeat the opponent’s goal. The team that scored more goals in the allotted time of the match wins.
In international practice, the game is usually called "bandy". In Russia, it was called "ball hockey." The rules of the competition depend on the association under whose auspices the tournament is held. The rules coincide in many respects, but at the Olympic Games they are slightly modified.
Bendy is headed by the FIB International Federation. The organization of major competitions often involves the Olympic Committee.
History of creation
The analogue of hockey with a ball is known since ancient times. Then ancient people instead of clubs used blunt sticks. The first mention of the game dates back to the 20th century BC. e. The figures found during the excavation of one of the Egyptian villages depict people who have crossed original clubs over the ball. Something similar was discovered on the territory of the former Aztec Cheuk tribe. It is also known that in a similar way the ball was chased in ancient Japan, Greece and Rome.
On the frozen reservoirs for the first time began to play in the Middle Ages. In ancient Russian chronicles of the 10th century, one can find repeated references to a game such as hockey with a ball, although at that time it was called differently: sticking, paddock, cauldron, yule, \ chase. It is known that one of the main fans of the game in Russia was Peter I. It was he who brought in iron skates from Holland. In the 9th century, a game called Knuttlaker flourished in Iceland. Earlier in the whole territory of Britain, whole bandy competitions were held.
The modern rules of the game of hockey with the ball were agreed and formed only at the beginning of the 19th century. The rules were brought together by British enthusiasts. It was in England that the first semi-professional clubs appeared, which were Nottingham Forest and Sheffield United. In 1891, the NAB association was created in Britain, taking on the responsibilities of organizing official competitions. It was the British who ultimately contributed to the development of bandy in such countries as Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, etc.
In Russia, hockey for a long time remained at the amateur level. And only in 1998 in Leningrad at one of the central skating rinks the first match took place according to the approved international rules. From that moment in Russia, this sports discipline began to rapidly gain momentum.
Game rules: teams
In the application for the match on each side should be no more than 17 people. At the start of the match, only 6 players can be on the field, including the goalkeeper. The number of substitutions in official tournaments is not limited. During the stop of the match, it is forbidden to change the composition of teams. The rules of ball hockey for such a violation of the regulations provide for removal for 3 minutes.
It is worth noting that the player being replaced must leave the field before a substitute takes his place. Any manipulations with the composition take place without the participation of a judge. An exception is the replacement of the goalkeeper. This procedure is possible only with the permission of the arbitrator during the stoppage of the meeting. It is noteworthy that without a goalkeeper, a technical defeat is counted to the team.
Field Standards
The ice hockey rink is no different from the ice rink of traditional discipline. Field length can vary from 45 to 61 m, and width - from 26 to 30 m. In official competitions, the standard is the skating rink with dimensions 58 by 29 m.
Ball hockey rules also provide for marking the field. It is identical to the classic look, but there is one additional nuance. The penalty area is limited by the goal line and a dashed line through the face-off circles. Points of contact are places for free kicks.
The gates should be 1.22 m high and 1.83 m wide.
Match duration
In professional men's categories, the meeting lasts 90 minutes. The same time for the match and the boys under 21 years old. Children's categories provide a reduction in the duration of the game to 60 minutes. In women, each of the two halves lasts 35 minutes.
The duration of the break between periods depends on the rules of the competition. It can last from 5 to 10 minutes. Similarly, the time of removal from the field is calculated. Depending on the tournament regulations, it can be from 2 to 10 minutes.
It is noteworthy that the rules of the game of hockey with the ball do not provide for additional time. This applies to both male and female categories.
Game Rules: Standards
When performing a free strike, all opponents must be 5 m from the projectile. The standard is made from the place where the violation was recorded. An exception is free kicks assigned in favor of the attacking team in the penalty area or behind the goal line.
Playing for the front line is allowed only to opponents, but not to the defending side.
A penalty kick in a bandy is called a shootout. This is an alternative analogue of a football penalty. The rules of ball hockey stipulate that a hit should be made only after the whistle of the referee. The starting point is the red line. Until the first touch, all players of the attacking team remain behind the blue zone. If a goal is not scored as a result of a shootout, the match continues. It is forbidden to play a free kick, which is allowed, by the way, in the game of field hockey.
Game Rules: Violations
Team members are not allowed to push or hold an opponent. It is forbidden to grab the stick of the opponent, to catch it with your own. The referee sets the standard position for holding the ball with his hands. In a bendy, a shell can only be touched with a club. The goalkeeper has the right to pick up the ball. Do not throw gloves or clubs at an opponent.
The rules of ball hockey prohibit any display of rudeness on the field. For a dangerous game or attempt to hit an opponent, the referee will award the appropriate penalty. It is forbidden to hit the ball when it is above the shoulder. Do not touch the projectile while lying down or on your knees.
Violation of the ball is carried by the body and the game is kicked. Goalkeepers should throw a projectile into the field so that it touches the side.
Deletions
In a professional bandy the referee has the right to disqualify the offender for 3 and 5 minutes or until the end of the match. The severity of the punishment depends on the foul.
The rules of the game of hockey with the ball provide for a 3-minute removal for deliberately touching the projectile with a hand, hitting an opponent’s club, incorrect substitution, etc. Also, disputes with a referee are considered a small type of violation.
Disqualification for 5 minutes occurs due to a step, a push overboard, a hand delay, a club hit by an opponent,
unsportsmanlike behavior.For an intentionally rude and dangerous game, as well as for the third removal, the offender must leave the field before the end of the meeting.