Diabetes often begins to develop without any noticeable signs and symptoms. Therefore, it rarely occurs to anyone to check the rate of blood sugar. In men, this indicator will depend on their age. In order not to become a hostage to diabetes, doctors recommend regularly checking in the clinic for the amount of sugar in the blood.
What does a blood sugar test mean?
If we talk about the norm of blood sugar in men, then the check does not determine its quantity, but the amount of glucose. It is glucose that is the very energy fuel by which all systems and organs inside the human body function. However, why do people often talk specifically about blood sugar in men or women?
Back in ancient times, doctors believed that diabetes develops because of its high sugar content. But over time, when studies were conducted, it was revealed that glucose, which is formed on the basis of complex carbohydrates and simple sugars, takes part in the metabolism. Times have passed, and people and many experts still talk about the amount of sugar in the blood in people, and not about the norm of glucose.
When to take an analysis
A general practitioner, endocrinologist or gastroenterologist should recommend a blood sugar indicator for men and women if there are any abnormalities. Normal glucose levels in humans are measured with:
- routine examination of patients for prevention;
- suspected diabetes or hypoglycemia;
- differential diagnosis of diabetes, which is combined with a glucose tolerance test;
- daily monitoring of those patients who have an established fact of diabetes;
- the need to exclude gestational diabetes, which is an increased sugar norm in the blood of the fair sex during pregnancy in the interval between 25 and 28 weeks.
Symptoms that indicate an increase in blood sugar in men and women are frequent urge to urinate, thirst, blurred vision, rapid fatigue and constant drowsiness, poor performance.
Blood sugar in men by age
For adults, regardless of gender, the usual indicator of glucose sugar with capillary sampling should be 3.3-5.5 mmol per 1 liter. However, these data may vary depending on the age of the patient. The norm of blood sugar in men and women by age:
- newborns up to 30 days - 2.8-4.4;
- adolescents under 14 years old - 3.3-5.6;
- adults under 60 years old - 3.2-5.5;
- older people under 80 years old - 4.5-6.4;
- old people over 80 years old - 4.0-6.7.
Blood Sugar Rate in Adult Men
It should be noted right away that gender does not play absolutely any role in the amount of glucose. That is, for both men and women, this figure will be the same. To check blood sugar in men and women, blood is taken on an empty stomach. The most ideal time for this procedure is morning, as it is during this period that the human body does not have food for 8 hours. If extraneous infections in the body are observed, then this can affect the increase in blood sugar in men and women.
Basically, the analysis is taken from the finger, where capillary blood is present. With a normal blood sugar level in men, this indicator should be 3.3-5.5. If blood is taken from a vein, then the picture will be completely different. For venous blood, the limiting norm of blood sugar in men is 4.0-6.1. If the analysis was taken on an empty stomach, then the indicators will be equal to 5.6-6.6. And in such situations, there is an incorrect perception of glucose. In the medical field, this phenomenon is called tolerance.
If glucose indicators are more than 6.7, then in this case we can already talk about the development of diabetes. However, it will be necessary to pass three more tests in order to be finally diagnosed. These analyzes include:
- fasting blood again;
- a glucose tolerance test;
- checking the level of glycosylated hemoglobin.
After eating, there is also a normal blood sugar level in men, the value of which exceeds 7.8. In those situations where the indicator is underestimated, this indicates a deficiency of glucose, as a result of which hypoglycemia is diagnosed.
Features of hypoglycemia
Sometimes in patients who have diabetes, there is a need to increase the amount of glucose. Hypoglycemia is considered dangerous to human health. If assistance is not provided on time, then a person can even fall into a coma. That is why patients with diabetes should always carry a piece of chocolate or sugar with them to stop attacks.
Types and symptoms of hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia is a sharp drop in blood sugar. Specialists at the same time distinguish three stages of this pathological condition:
- Initial. This stage is observed in the first 5 minutes of the attack. Eliminate the initial stage of hypoglycemia by using a small amount of carbohydrates.
- Medium. The duration of this stage is up to half an hour. In this case, the patient should increase the amount of glucose in the blood in stages.
- Final This stage is critical. With her, convulsions, fainting, and sometimes a coma are observed. To remove the patient from this condition, the help of specialists will be required with subsequent hospitalization.
Symptoms of hypoglycemia in each patient will be individual. In this case, all the signs of a decrease in blood glucose should not immediately appear immediately. Most often, only some of them are combined:
- quick and involuntary hand movements;
- increased sweating;
- arrhythmia;
- muscle weakness;
- severe hunger;
- nausea;
- sharp flashes of rage and anger;
- causeless anxiety and panic fear;
- visual impairment;
- confused speech;
- dizziness.
Quite often, patients confuse hypoglycemia with other conditions that are very similar to the symptoms of a sharp drop in blood glucose, for example, with low blood pressure. To accurately prevent a drop in pressure, it is enough to use a glucometer to detect the amount of sugar. If an attack develops in a dream, then a person has nightmares, he can wake up in a sweat.
Increased blood glucose
To dramatically increase blood glucose, you need to eat a product that contains fast carbohydrates. What increases blood sugar in men and women? It could be
- jam;
- honey;
- chocolate;
- refined.
Eaten sweetness must be washed down with sweet water, juice or tea. To increase the amount of glucose in the blood, you can also eat some sweet fruits, for example, melon, figs, persimmons, grapes. But do not pounce on food, despite your fears. The use of carbohydrate foods in large quantities can cause a sharp increase in blood glucose, which can subsequently lead to the destruction of blood vessels and small capillaries.
Dieting
If the patient has frequent attacks of hypoglycemia, then experts recommend in this case to adhere to a specific diet. There is a common misconception that with this syndrome it is necessary to eat a large amount of simple carbohydrates. They increase the amount of glucose in the blood for a rather short period of time, but soon it drops sharply, and the person wants to eat again. For this reason, it is necessary to ensure the timely intake of complex carbohydrates in the body.
The diet for hypoglycemia is based on the use of protein foods and complex carbohydrates. The basis of them are:
- whole grains;
- vegetables;
- low GI fruits;
- lean meat and fish;
- eggs
- low-fat dairy products;
- bran and rye bread;
- herbal teas.
However, there are a number of those products that are forbidden to use for hypoglycemia. These include:
- alcoholic drinks;
- caffeinated drinks and products;
- baking and baking;
- sweets;
- bananas, dates and raisins.
Medications
Every diabetic should know that certain hormonal drugs can increase blood glucose. Such funds include:
- female sex hormones;
- hormonal drugs designed to treat thyroid disease;
- glucocorticosteroids produced by the adrenal glands.
In diabetes mellitus, any drug should be taken only after consultation with a specialist, and it is worthwhile to be especially careful with medicines from the list. Quite often, diabetes occurs along with concomitant diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, visual impairment, and others. Therefore, the intake of any medication should be agreed with the doctor, and it is also necessary to introduce control of the blood glucose indicator when they are used.
For the treatment of hypoglycemia, drugs are prescribed that can increase blood sugar. These include:
- "Glucophage";
- Glucagen
- Glucosteryl;
- "Elkar";
- glucose.
If the patient has convulsions, it is best to administer the drugs intravenously. In this case, the dosage is determined by a specialist, since self-treatment can cause serious consequences.
To avoid possible complications, it is recommended to timely monitor the amount of glucose in the blood using a glucometer.
Prevention of hypoglycemia
In order to warn yourself against the development of this disease, you must adhere to proper nutrition. It is desirable that low GI foods prevail in the daily menu, which are able to provide the necessary energy reserve for the whole day. Fats must also be present in the diet. Specialists also recommend frequent fractional meals.
In parallel with this, it is necessary to lead an active lifestyle, walk daily, do adequate physical activity. Sleep should be full and nightly. It is also recommended to abandon bad habits.