Fire cabinet: dimensions, installation, GOST

In any institution and in any enterprise fire cabinets are installed, according to GOST. The problem of fire at facilities remains relevant, despite all sorts of measures provided for by fire safety equipment. The presence of a fire cabinet is one of the conditions for combating a sudden fire.

Fire Cabinet Selection

According to the installation principle, the fire cabinet can be hinged if it is screwed to the wall. If the cabinet is installed in a finished niche or in a specially made hole for this, it is called built-in. When the cabinet is installed on the floor and attached to the floor, it is designated as attached. The lightest in weight, small in capacity and endurance load - wall cabinets.

Responsible for the installation of cabinets

The management of the enterprise or institution is responsible for the installation of fire cabinets. The main condition for this requirement is the compliance of the equipment with the standards GOST 51844-2009 “Fire fighting equipment. Cabinets are fire. General technical requirements. Test Methods. " When choosing a contractor, management must ensure that the cabinets are made of material that can withstand the pressure of fire. In addition, an important point should be the placement of a fire cabinet in walking distance from a water source and an unhindered approach to it. When compiling regulatory documents, the manager is obliged to personally control the configuration of the fire cabinet and enter it in the appropriate column.

Installation planning

When installing fire fighting equipment, it is often necessary to coordinate not only the capabilities of the cabinet, but also its dimensions. The dimensions of the fire cabinet are selected in accordance with the fire protection installations of the enterprise or institution. Planning for the purchase, installation and dimensions of fire cabinets occurs at the stage of construction or major repairs of the building. The customer provides the performer with the drawings of the premises, and it is decided by them where and which cabinets are best installed. At the same time, it is envisaged that the room should be so spacious that the cabinet door freely opens no less than 160˚. If it is impossible to find a sufficiently spacious room for installing the cabinet, an integrated version is planned, which helps to significantly save space.

Internal content

Fire cabinets themselves are designed to store fire fighting equipment. They may contain fire extinguishers. There are fire cabinets for fire hydrants. There should also be a place for the fire hose. Some cabinets are designed to store only one fire fighting equipment. Others may contain several items. Depending on the purpose, the overall dimensions of the fire cabinet change. If the room is small, hanging cabinets or built-in cabinets are suitable for it. Hinged fire cabinets are usually single-module, shallow. If possible, a built-in cabinet can be made to order, which will be more spacious and, having support not on the brackets, but on the wall itself, can become multifunctional.

One-Modular Fire Cabinets

Hanging cabinets are most often designed for storage in the premises of a fire extinguisher, less often - a fire hydrant. Fire cabinets for fire hydrants are used to store one fire hose cartridge. They are not only mounted, but also built-in. Such a fire cabinet is marked - ShPK 310, depending on the fastening method as H (mounted) or B (built-in). With the same weight, the cabinets can differ in size, since the built-in cabinet has natural protection against a fire attack from the wall, which is not the case with the wall cabinet. ShPK 310 fire cabinet is suitable for small rooms with a low risk of the possibility of unexpected fire.

Dual-use Cabinets

There are hinged and built-in fire cabinets, divided into two sections. This separation can be horizontal, as in ShP-K 315, and vertical. Fire cabinet ShPK 320 belongs to the latter. These cabinets withstand loads up to 10 kg. They are supposed to store inventory in several versions: two fire hoses and two fire extinguishers, two fire hoses, one fire hose and two fire extinguishers. The weight of any of these configurations should not exceed the previously stated 10 kg. The built-in fire cabinet ShPK 320 has similar characteristics and requirements.

Fireproof Cabinets

Attached cabinets are more spacious, multi-functional and designed to protect large industrial premises, where in case of fire you need to respond quickly and massively. Thus, the dimensions of a fire cabinet vary from its functionality. Their own weight, as a rule, significantly exceeds the mass of wall and built-in cabinets.

Fire Cabinet Labeling

Depending on the purpose, cabinets have different names and markings. If the cabinet has a fire hydrant, then it is marked -. The presence of the marking - means that a fire extinguisher is stored there. If the cabinet has both a fire extinguisher and a fire hydrant, then it will be marked --. Well, if the cabinet is multifunctional and you can find everything in it, then it will be labeled as SHPMI. The dimensions of the fire cabinet may also depend on the marking.

Types of Fire Cabinets

In the manufacture of fire cabinets, the manufacturer often uses not only metal, but also refractory glass. The glass partially integrated in the cabinet door makes it open. Most often, for hinged and built-in cabinets, it is these doors that are used. But there are fire cabinets hinged indoor. This is a rarer option with its own drawbacks. The cabinet labeling and instructions for use posted on the closed door do not always help in an emergency to quickly respond to the fire safety officer. Currently, despite the dimensions of the fire cabinet, open cabinets are preferred.

Technical requirements

• fire cabinets are made in accordance with GOST according to design documentation;
• in the fire cabinet, all the provided modules must be placed ergonomically, not block the access of one another, not lie on top of each other, but be mounted separately;
• fire cabinets must be provided with natural ventilation;
• they must be equipped with additional mounting options for building structures;
• if there are rotating parts in the cabinet, the possibility of their lubrication should be provided;
• cabinet dimensions must be optimal for the safe and quick use of technical equipment;
• the dimensions of the cabinet located in the room should not become an obstacle to the evacuation of people;
• there must be a hole in the wall of the module for the fire hydrant;
• the sleeve cassette inside the cabinet must have a rotation angle of at least 90˚;
• the sleeve cassette must withstand a constant load of at least 300 N;
• the cabinets must be installed so that their doors open no less than 160˚, and the doors themselves do not open towards each other;
• in the manufacture of the cabinet only non-combustible materials should be used;
• the weight of cabinets should not exceed 35 kg for mounted ones, 50 kg for built-in ones, and 60 kg for attached ones;
• the load that the cabinet must withstand must be one and a half times the declared;
• the cabinet surface must be free of visible defects;
• in the manufacture of a fire cabinet, anticorrosion coatings must be used that retain their properties at temperatures from -50 ˚ to 50 ˚;
• paints and varnishes must be at least class IV according to GOST 9.032;
• all metallic and non-metallic coatings must comply with the requirements of GOST 9.301;
• red color must be present in the cabinet design in accordance with GOST R 12.4.026;
• from the outside there should be clear information about the internal content of the module;
• if a fire hydrant is located in the cabinet, then the PC abbreviation and free space for applying the module technical number should be on its door;
• when stored in a fire extinguisher cabinet, special signs must also be applied on the outside.

Complete fire cabinets

The kit with a fire cabinet must include:

• the cabinet itself;
• means and equipment declared by the developer, as well as the instruction manual (at the request of the customer);
• means of fastening to building structures;
• accompanying documentation.

In addition, each cabinet must have a marking located in the place indicated in the drawing. It should contain the following information:

• name of the manufacturer and its trademark;
• cabinet symbol indicating its type, contents, etc .;
• production date indicated by month and year.

Fire Cabinet Colors

According to GOST, fire cabinets must be painted in bright red color. It has long been perceived by people as an alarm signal, it is easier to notice it in an insufficiently lit room, the marking of the cabinet is clearly visible on it. However, recently, more and more people are focusing not on safety measures, but on the color scheme of the interior of the room. And red color, as a constant irritant, can significantly reduce the working capacity of the team. In this case, the cabinets are selected in white, only the marking remains red, which is not so striking. Some designers went further. For high-end rooms, fire cabinets are made that fit harmoniously into the luxurious interior. For example, it can be an open or closed cabinet for a fire hose, painted under a tree or under any stone present in the interior. Such delights are allowed in private homes or offices of officials, where the red fire cabinet will look completely inappropriate.

Filling in documents for the maintenance of fire cabinets

The person responsible for completing the documents must include the following items:

• dimensions of the fire cabinet, installation method (hinged, built-in, attached), door type (open, closed), marking. In the event that a multifunctional integrated cabinet is described, then an additional diagram of the mounting and layout of the modules is compiled;
• the method of placement and fastening of hardware inside the cabinet;
• the technical means themselves are described, how many of them are in the cabinet, as well as their dimensions and weight;
• proper use of technical equipment in case of fire;
• transportation and storage of modules and cabinet;
• describes the complete set of the cabinet;
• persons responsible for the installation and prem of the locker are affixed;
• a special point is the warranty from the manufacturer;
• the data of the company that made the fire cabinet, as well as the equipment provided, are affixed;
• certificate data is affixed;
• The disposal rules for this equipment are indicated.

Equipment check

On your own, you can only check the sizes declared by the manufacturer. To check the dimensions, conventional measuring materials on a solid basis are used - a ruler or tape measure. Measurements are made manually, the dimensions stated in the instructions are taken for the sample. A small error of 1 mm is allowed for the entire structure and not more than 0.1 mm for the sleeve. The operability of technical equipment can only be determined by the installation worker using special tools.

Installation of fire cabinets

A fire cabinet can only be installed by a specialist who knows exactly how to install a certain type of cabinet, how suitable the premises chosen by the customer are, what standards should be followed. Prerequisites for installing a fire cabinet are:

• installation of a cabinet indoors;
• in a place that does not impede easy passage;
• in a room with connected regular water supply;
• in a place where anyone in a fire can freely use the equipment stored inside;
• fire hydrants inside cabinets should be located no more than 1.35 m from the floor;
• in the room where the fire cabinet is installed, the temperature should remain in the range from 5 ° C to 45 ° C and the humidity should not exceed 95%.

Often, for the installation of fire cabinets, public places are chosen, for example, corridors that combine several buildings, vestibules or stairwells.

Payment for installation

Companies involved in the installation of fire equipment must necessarily calculate in advance the possible costs on which the payment for installation will depend. When installing fire fighting equipment, it is worth remembering that safety is above all.