Engineering support of a suburban area requires the owner of the organization to have effective and reliable groundwater drainage systems. There are different approaches to the construction of such an infrastructure, but in any case, the quality of its work will depend on the materials used. Already in the simplest systems, the main technical and operational load falls on the drainage line. For laying such circuits, a perforated drainage pipe is used, which can be made of plastic or metal. Recently, there has been a widespread distribution of polyvinyl chloride pipes, but steel products have many advantages.
General information about drainage pipes
To understand the features of such pipes, it is worthwhile to turn directly to the drainage system, which is formed due to these components. The need to equip the filter layer on the earth's surface arises in cases where rain and groundwater in the area have destructive effects on nearby structures. To eliminate such problems, a perforated pipe is used, which is laid in accordance with the developed drainage scheme. The main objective of such networks is to protect the foundations and basements from erosion by water.
The specifics of operation also determine a number of differences in drainage pipes. First of all, they must be made of durable material. For effective drainage and ease of operation, they can have structural features. In particular, the perforated pipe is equipped with special holes that perform in some way filter tasks.
Pipe specifications
If standard water pipes imply a certain standardization in form, size and devices for connection, then for drainage systems such unifications are quite blurred. This is due to the fact that each site is individual, so the owner should focus strictly on the project developed for his object. However, there are certain limits regarding size. For example, perforated drainage pipes may have an average diameter of 50 to 150 mm. The wall thickness varies from 0.5 to 15 mm. It is important to note that this applies specifically to metal products, since the thickness of plastic pipes exceeds these values.
The situation with the form is not so clear. Pipes can have curvature, narrowing and special rolling. Again, these qualities are aimed at improving the efficiency of the drainage system with specific characteristics. For example, a perforated pipe for drainage with an annular configuration will be presented in the form of a continuous arc.
What is the peculiarity of metal pipes for drainage?
If earlier it was metal that was considered as the main material for pipes, regardless of their scope, today it is successfully replaced by plastic. The advantages of the same products made of polyvinyl chloride include practicality, ease of installation and durability. In turn, a perforated metal pipe nevertheless provides a higher resistance to mechanical damage and takes up less space due to thin-layer walls. But it is important to note a significant drawback, which largely pushed such pipes to the background behind plastic.
Corrosion susceptibility is the main problem that technologists are actively fighting. The result of their work was the appearance of various options for carbon steel, galvanized products, as well as durable aluminum alloys. After anticorrosion treatment, a perforated stainless pipe can withstand other negative chemical effects. Among them, contacts with alkalis, acid soils and fertilizers are noted, which can be used in the summer cottage.
Types of pipes
Manufacturers produce perforated products for various needs, which also determines technological approaches to manufacturing. In addition to conventional pipes of this type, there are also models with corrugations that are used in the construction of sewer systems, for land reclamation and for other purposes. A feature of such products is higher reliability and resistance to chemical influences. In addition, if it is planned to create systems with redundant channels, the perforated corrugated pipe will reduce the cost of laying communication lines. This is a flexible, flexible and at the same time quite rigid structure, the service life of which can reach 50 years. Pipes differ in the schemes for the implementation of technological holes, but this classification should be considered separately.
Types of perforations
Perforation itself reduces the weight of the product, which is especially true for metal pipes. At the same time, the strength and functionality of the element are maintained. Today, the practice of creating round, square and oval holes. Typically, pipes with such perforations are used in drainage and sewer systems. There are also models with decorative patterned holes that are used as part of architectural structures. It is noteworthy that the basis of which the perforated drainage pipe is made can be conventional reinforcement or a metal sheet, which subsequently undergoes hole cutting and rolling.
Geotexturing
During operation, perforated drainage circuits can become clogged with foreign particles in the form of dirt and stones. Obviously, such a filling of the drainage line over time can clog the pipe and disrupt the system. To prevent such phenomena, manufacturers use a special winding made of geotissue, which serves as a kind of filter. The presence of such a shell eliminates the ingress of small particles into the circuit and ensures the free passage of water. At the same time, the drainage pipe perforated with geo-fabric retains all basic performance characteristics. The presence of a filter winding practically does not affect such characteristics as rigidity and mechanical resistance. But the throughput of the drainage network increases. But it is important to consider that the geotextile is significantly inferior in terms of life to the metal base, so in a few years it will be necessary to update the filter material.
Application features
The main area of use for perforated pipes is the sewage system and drainage system. Material laying is carried out as a whole according to the same system as in the case with ordinary pipes, but there are also differences. The immersion level at which perforated products are stacked can reach 6 m, but in practice, 0.5 m is enough. At the first stage, a general scheme of the drainage infrastructure is developed, indicating the directions of the circuits, points of connection and connection. Next, dig a trench in which the material will be laid. If a perforated perforated drainage pipe with a geo-fabric is used, then special protective coatings at the bottom of the channel can be dispensed with. If there is no such shell, then it is advisable to take care of laying the primary substrate of geotextiles. Next, an embankment of crushed stone of the middle fraction is carried out, after which it should be covered with a trench with sand and covered with a layer of turf.
What to consider in the choice?
The selection of a suitable product should be based on individual project requirements. Pipes differ in terms of strength, durability, weight and throughput. By the way, one of the main indicators of a high-quality drainage system is its compliance with the volumes of served water masses. From this point of view, it is important to focus on the size of the product. Also, do not save on additional protective properties. For example, a perforated drainage corrugated pipe due to stiffening ribs gets a higher working resource, and if it is supplemented with a geo-fabric, then the stability of the main drainage function will be ensured.
Conclusion
Experienced builders rarely have problems with choosing the right material when arranging communication networks on sites. Manufacturers produce fairly high-quality products with various characteristics. In any case, problems with the operation of such systems rarely arise due to the destruction of the functional line. But even if a perforated corrugated drainage pipe with a geo-fabric is used, there remains a risk of disruption of the drainage system. Usually negative factors occur when the wrong system configuration was originally developed. It should be borne in mind that drainage pipes closely interact with the intake well, therefore the quality of the connection with this object is often more important than the characteristics of the pipes themselves. And this is not to mention the calculations of the slope with which the contours are formed.