Games are an important component in the education of children of all ages. That is why parents, teachers and educators should take their selection seriously. The study of the world of childhood is one of the most actively developing areas of modern humanitarian knowledge. How do outdoor folk games affect preschoolers? Is it necessary to include them in the leisure of children? You can find out this and much more in our article.
The development of the personality of the child through games
Folk games are games that served to entertain the children of one or another people in the old days. The Russian people have created many interesting and developing funs. Their rules have been passed down from generation to generation. However, over time, these games are forgotten. It is important to preserve traditions and national culture. That is why it is necessary to teach modern preschoolers to folk games.
In every institution of preschool education there must be a card index of folk outdoor games. This is no coincidence, because it is known that they allow you to form a personality. In folk games there are many comic phrases. Movements are often accompanied by unpredictable moments, nursery rhymes, counters, songs, and also dances. They are able to preserve unique game folklore. They have present for centuries the prevailing folk wisdom, which includes universal human values.
Children's folk outdoor games contribute to self-realization and self-expression of a person. This kind of folklore is one of the best sources of children's moral cognitive and speech development. It includes the basics of education that have been developed over the years by folk pedagogy. They are time-tested.
Children's folk culture developed together with an adult. It is the children who preserve in their games those traditions that have long gone out of use.
Entertaining game situations bring up children. They meet dialogues and songs that characterize the hero and his actions. They must be skillfully emphasized. That is why children need active mental activity.
Living in one way or another, the child forms his personal qualities. Folk outdoor games in the physical education of preschoolers can develop agility and attentiveness. They help open up to insecure children. Thanks to this, they are not afraid to communicate with their peers, and over time they easily find a common language with unfamiliar people. Such games also make it possible to rally the team.
The use of folk games to cultivate tolerance. Tasks of folk games
The use of folk games allows children to be accustomed to tolerance. They are a kind of source of education. Folk outdoor games in the DOW include the lifestyle of our ancestors, their way of life and customs.
Games of the peoples of the world, together with other educational methods, represent the basis for the very first stage in the formation of tolerance. They allow the child to become a multifaceted personality, combining spiritual as well as moral principles. Tolerance is the willingness to accept a person as he is and to interact with him.
In order for the education of tolerance to be effective, it is important to use folk games:
- in the process of education;
- during rest;
- in theatrical activities.
When selecting games, it is important to consider:
- age of children and their features;
- level of physical fitness;
- number of preschoolers; conditions for games.
For children, the game is one of the main forms of its activity. That is why tolerance will thus be easiest to cultivate. Mobile folk games for preschoolers also allow you to broaden your horizons and provoke active mental activity.
Folk games can solve the following problems:
- the formation of a sense of rhythm;
- improvement of dancing abilities;
- development of the ability to get used to the game image;
- personality formation;
- taste development;
- improvement of all mental processes;
- understanding the beauty of literary speech;
- the formation of a respectful feeling for the homeland;
- development of the emotional sphere;
- improvement of physical qualities and health;
- familiarization with national values and customs.
Folk games and the development of spiritual morality
Absolutely all children have a need for an exciting pastime. Unfortunately, in recent years, children have increasingly preferred computer entertainment programs. That is why parents should give them due attention and teach folk games. It is a peculiar means of knowing the basis of proper human relations. Russian folk outdoor games for children show that they should be built on a human attitude to the weaker.
Tradition is that which is transmitted from the old generation to the young. These include customs, ceremonies, songs, tales, holidays, etc.
Russian folk traditions are one of the components of the cultural heritage of one or another people. They give children knowledge and life experience. As one of the main means of education, all the components of folklore are used, namely songs, tales and tongue twisters, etc.
Folk outdoor games reflect the lifestyle of the people, as well as their traditions and personal qualities. They retained the flavor of customs, the unusual expression of the people, the originality of the language, as well as the forms and characteristics of colloquial speech.
The value of traditions and customs is quite large. Unfortunately, their loss cannot be fully compensated. They are a charm of folk culture. It is important to value and remember them. It is believed that if folk traditions are lost, then the very existence of the people is called into question.
The game process and its features
The game process itself begins with the beginning. Thanks to him, the children invoke other guys. The concept is also often used to determine the driver. If there is no one who wants to become a leader, children use a reading room. Reason will help to distribute roles. It serves to build independence in children.
If folk outdoor games are used by children 3-4 years old, then adults pronounce the inception. They should distribute roles among children. At the same time, the child will spontaneously memorize the course of the game and over time, adult help will not be needed. It is worth noting that children love when older people take part in the game.
Memorization of all counters, songs and poems that are used in a particular game occurs by itself. As a rule, the child remembers them for life and subsequently transfers knowledge to his children.
Folk outdoor games for children often include reading rooms. They are characterized as small poems by which a driver is selected. Thanks to them, you can also distribute roles. Counters are one of the most popular, colorful and expressive types of children's art.
Children of primary preschool age do not understand the meaning of counters, but there is nothing to worry about. They hear stanzas that are pronounced quickly. All attention is paid not to the reader itself, but to the final result. This has a positive effect on the development of memory, mindfulness and hearing.
Many outdoor folk games are based on combining songs with certain movements. They are considered round dance. Such games can often be found on holidays. In them, the whole point is in rhythm and words. The song is closely related to the folk game.
Folk pedagogy has identified a series of games from infancy to adulthood. However, there are those that are played by guys of all ages. Such games include Hide and Seek, Cat and Mouse, and the like.
Types of folk games
Russian outdoor folk games are quite diverse. Among them there are round dances, and dances, and well-known catch-ups. They show the very best qualities. Human life has long been closely associated with nature and the world. Previously, a huge number of the most diverse animals lived in the forests. For our ancestors, field work, hunting and crafts were related to weather conditions and the natural cycle.
Previously, it depended on nature whether people would be full or they would face hunger. The connection with nature is clearly visible in the culture, customs and holidays of all Slavic peoples. Children have always sought to imitate adults. That is why a connection with nature is also observed in folk games. This type is characterized by the presence of animals. In children's folk games, a wolf, a bear, a fox, and others are often present. They are often the main characters.
The second type of games is associated with a religious-religious motive. This topic is viewed in all varieties of folklore. Outdoor folk games often include brownies, mermaids, sorcerers, and similar characters. They make them more colorful and vibrant.
The third type includes all games that reflect those everyday activities that our ancestors did. In them you can find hunting, fishing and a variety of crafts. Thanks to such games, you can find out how our ancestors used to live. It is important to preserve this kind of folklore.
The fourth type includes games that allow you to form coordination, dexterity and quick wits. They improve the physical fitness of the child. Folk outdoor games in this type of kindergarten have a feature. On the one hand, running and jumping are common to all children, and on the other hand, designing them in the form of a game makes such an activity more interesting. They have game enthusiasm and elements of rivalry. These are one of the main components of Slavic folk games.
An important role is played by military-themed games. For all the time they did not suffer major changes. They reached modern children almost in their original form. The game implies a competition between two teams. In advance, the criteria for selecting winners and fighting methods are determined. Since ancient times, military-themed games have been a favorite pastime for all young men.
Familiarizing children with outdoor games
For each teacher, self-education is important. Unfortunately, popular outdoor games are less and less offered for use in school and preschool institutions. They perform important educational functions. It is important to use them in children's activities.
Acquaintance of children with folk outdoor games takes place at the entertainments, which are held every month in the afternoon in all preschool institutions. When organizing them, you can use the musical accompaniment.
Outdoor games have the same requirements as physical education. The beginning is organized, the pace is gradually increasing, and by the end of the session it is decreasing. Some games require additional attributes.
Outdoor games for the environmental education of preschoolers in the senior group
The Russian people have always been kind to nature. Games with elements of environmental education form a kind and thrifty attitude towards the world around them. Thanks to them, children also get to know nature. That is why in the process of environmental education it is possible to use popular outdoor games without fear. They are often associated with imitation of the habits of animals, as well as their lifestyle. In such games, manifestations of inanimate nature may also occur. Thanks to them, children form an interest in the world around them.
Thanks to folk games with elements of environmental education, children learn to distinguish between animate and inanimate nature. These include "Grandfather Mazay", "Running along the trunk", "Geese" and others. It is important that these games take place outdoors.
Learning games
Folk outdoor games of the younger group of preschool and school education are often subjected to research. A. M. Gorky believed that such fun is a source of worldly wisdom. In the concepts of preschool education, special attention is paid to the need to enrich modern kindergarten with long-forgotten, but very informative games.
Russian folk games were first collected and edited by E. A. Pokrovsky in a book that was released in 1895. Its name is "Children's Games, mainly Russian." It describes the meaning of fun and their role in the formation of the personality of the child.
Scientists have long noticed that the most contrasting traditions of our ancestors are reflected in children's games. They allow to reveal the wisdom and life experience of the people.
Many scholars argue that thanks to folk games, the child gets acquainted with the habits and characteristics of the population, as well as with family values.
Several folk outdoor games
There are many popular outdoor games, the rules of which are not known to everyone. One of them - "The shoes are lost." For this game you need to assemble a team of 5-10 people. The point is that everyone takes off their shoes and puts them in a common pile, thoroughly mixing them. Then, after waiting for the team, the guys must find their shoes. The one who first coped with the task wins. It is important that children do not push each other when searching for shoes.
Another game that includes elements of environmental education is Little Birds. Playing it, children should take turns depicting the bird that they like. It can be either home, or urban or forest. The rest must guess which bird the child is showing.
“Bear has a pine forest” is one of the most popular games. One child is selected for the role of forest predator. According to the plot, he must protect his forest. When other participants creep up to him, he must not let them go beyond a certain line. The one whom the bear caught is out of the game.
To summarize
All folk games, including outdoor games, are unusually valuable. It is important not to forget about them. These games reflect the customs, traditions and folklore of our ancestors. They form the personality and develop the positive qualities of the child. They have considerable value in environmental education. Thanks to such games, conversational speech is also improved, logic is formed and the level of physical fitness of children is improved. It is important not only to include them in preschool education, but also to apply at home.