Every woman, sooner or later, must become a mother. The possibility of procreation is laid at the genetic level. Female genitals, which primarily include the uterus and ovaries, allow the baby to be taken out and give birth. Each representative of the fair sex should lead a correct lifestyle and regularly visit a gynecologist in order to avoid health problems.
Where are the ovaries located?
Female ovaries are a paired organ, due to which the nucleation and release of eggs occurs. Without this gonad, it would be impossible to conceive a child. The human anatomy in the pictures shows where and how the ovaries are located in the female body. The organ is located at the side wall of the pelvis, on both sides of the fundus of the uterus. The ovaries are attached with a mesentery to a wide leaf of the uterine ligament. The fallopian tubes are located a little lower.
The ovaries have a slightly tuberous surface. Their color is bluish. The organ itself has a round or oval shape, depending on the individual structural features of the woman’s body. In the ovaries, lateral and medial surfaces are distinguished. The edge that faces the fallopian tube is called the tubal, and the more pointed, facing the uterus, is called the uterine. Where are the ovaries in women, every representative of the weaker sex should know. If you experience pain in the lower abdomen, you should immediately contact a gynecologist. Untimely cured inflammation can cause infertility.
What is the size of the ovaries in women?
The size of the penis depends on the age, as well as the individual characteristics of the woman's body. The length of the ovary in an adult representative of the weaker sex ranges from 2.5 to 5 cm, the width can reach 3 cm. The thickness of the paired organ usually does not exceed 2 cm. The ovaries of a woman have a small mass. An ultrasound photo shows that the organ takes up very little space in the pelvis. The weight of the ovaries does not exceed 6 grams. Their size and appearance may vary depending on the state of health of the woman. The organ increases with various hormonal disorders. An ultrasound machine helps to accurately diagnose a disease associated with the female reproductive system.
The mesenteric edge of the ovaries is attached due to the duplication of the peritoneum. It is the mesentery that is the place through which the blood vessels and nerves enter the ovary gate from the wide ligament. This place looks like a small furrow. Although the mesentery is also small, it plays a very important role in the functioning of the female reproductive system. The free edge of the ovaries may have a convex shape. He freely hangs in the free cavity of the pelvis of the fair sex.
Ovary under the microscope
If you enlarge the image of the organ several times, you will notice that its structure is heterogeneous. Despite the fact that the paired genital organ is intraperitoneal, it is not covered by the peritoneum. Regardless of where the ovaries are located in women, their free part is covered by an inactive epithelium, which is located on the connective membrane. The surface of the ovary is formed by a protein structure. If you look deeper into the organ, you can see a more dense cortical substance, which forms its glandular tissue. The central brain substance is filled with vessels and nerve endings. In the very center is the connective tissue - the ovarian stroma. The degree of development of the brain and cortical tissue of the genital organ depends on the age of the woman, as well as the individual characteristics of her body.
The ovaries in women have an interesting structure. The location of the cortical substance can be different, but its content is the same for all the fair sex. Inside this part of the organ are small sacs in the shape of balls. At various intervals, they can be in varying degrees of development. Those follicles that have the smallest sizes (are in the nucleation stage) are called primordial. These are primary ovarian follicles that do not yet perform any functions. Larger bags may contain liquid. They play an important role in the normal functioning of the female ovaries. It is the mature follicles that release the egg, without which the conception of a child is impossible.
What is a mature follicle?
The wall of the sacs that are inside the cortical substance has the appearance of a thick connective membrane. This is a special tire, which until a certain time has a dense structure. No matter where the ovaries are located in women, the follicle matures. The ripening time of the sac in all women is specific. Once the follicle matures, its walls burst. Outside the egg. This process is called ovulation. And the time intervals between the release of individual eggs are considered to be the menstrual cycle.
The reproductive cell, which leaves the follicle, moves along the ovarian fringe and enters through the fallopian tube into the uterine cavity. If the egg meets a sperm here, a new life will be born, and the fair sex will be able to see two treasured stripes on the pregnancy test.
Not all follicles develop correctly to the end. If the sac in the cortical substance has not reached the desired state, it gradually resolves. This process is completely invisible to women. If the follicle nevertheless bursts, but the egg has not been fertilized, an endocrine gland forms in its place, and the woman begins to have menstrual bleeding. This process is directly affected by the ovaries in women. The location of the paired organ can tell about the many possibilities of the female body. If the ovaries are placed in the wrong anatomical position, a representative of the weaker sex may complain of painful menstruation. The problem is solved by taking hormonal drugs.
Correct ovarian placement
Ideally, the ovaries in women should be located in the side of the pelvis. The organ should be covered from above by the lateral and medial sections of the fallopian tube. The ovary can abut the peritoneum with the tube end. The medial part of it can also be turned to the abdominal cavity of the small pelvis. The tube end is further strengthened by the ligament supporting the ovary. This bunch performs a very important function. It not only holds the ovary in the side wall of the pelvis, but also contains many vessels and nerve endings necessary for the normal functioning of the organ.
The ovary also has its own ligament, which stretches from the uterine edge of the organ to the uterus itself. It ends on the lateral surface of the uterus under the fallopian tube. The size of the ovaries in women directly affects the position of the ligaments and the placement of the penis in the abdominal cavity.
The role of the ovaries in the normal functioning of the body
The ovaries are the sex gland, which at first glance is only needed in order to conceive a healthy child. Actually this is not true. The organ plays a very important role in the health of the entire female body. The ovaries of a woman should always function correctly. Ultrasound photos show that deviations in the work of this body immediately affect the well-being of a woman. The endocrine glands, such as the pituitary gland and the thyroid gland, are primarily affected. Also, if abnormalities in the functioning of these glands occur, a woman can observe problems in the genital area.
The work of all endocrine glands, including the egg, is controlled by the central nervous system. Due to this, at the time of menstruation or pregnancy, a woman can feel mood swings. Many women feel the emergence of a new life even on an intuitive level.
Female sex hormones
Regardless of where the ovaries are located in women, the body is able to produce sex hormones necessary for the normal functioning of the fair sex. These are progesterone and estrogen. The appearance of a woman, her attractiveness and the ability to conceive healthy offspring depend on the amount of these hormones. The truly female hormone is estrogen. In a normal male body, this element is absent. There are several varieties of estrogen. Depending on the size of the ovaries, a certain amount of hormones can be produced in women. This happens from the time of puberty until the onset of menopause.
The fact that the girl’s body began to produce sex hormones, may indicate the growth of the mammary glands. In addition, the teenager begins to grow rapidly. In the future, growth stops abruptly, and this is also associated with the production of estrogen by the egg. Scientists have found that the formation of the female body ends at the age of 18, while in a man this process lasts up to 22 years.
Progesterone, which is also produced by the ovaries, is usually referred to as male hormones. It is in the representatives of the stronger sex that this substance is produced in greater quantities. No matter what the size of the ovaries in women, male sex hormone is also produced in their bodies. True, this happens only after the follicle matures to the desired stage and the egg leaves.
What role do sex hormones play?
Female sex hormones (estrogens) are very important for the normal functioning of the whole organism. They protect blood vessels from the accumulation of cholesterol plaques, regulate salt and water balance, contribute to the normal functioning of the sebaceous glands. In addition, female hormones increase bone density. That is why it is very important to always maintain the health of the genitals in order. Only the right ovary is able to produce the amount of estrogen that is necessary for a woman's well-being.
The lack of progesterone in the female body is also considered a fairly serious violation. This sex hormone directly affects the ability of the fair sex to become a mother. Progesterone may not be produced several months after the first menstruation and some time before the onset of menopause.
The main diseases of the ovaries
Diseases of the female genital organs are very insidious. A representative of the weaker sex can lead a healthy lifestyle and not even suspect that her body is not functioning properly. Bad ecology, stress, frantic pace of life contribute to the development of various inflammatory processes in the female reproductive system. Ovaries in women often suffer. The location of the organ may be correct. One of the most common diseases is adnexitis. This is an inflammation caused by Staphylococcus aureus, gonococci, E. coli. Even a common cold can provoke the development of adnexitis due to weakened immunity. Very often, the disease also develops after an abortion. After all, this procedure is a huge stress for the female body.
Antibiotics as well as immunomodulatory drugs can be used to treat adnexitis . You can not start the disease. Neglecting one's own health can lead to infertility. It is better to contact a specialized medical institution in advance, where the ovaries in women are treated under the supervision of qualified specialists.
Also a fairly common disease is an ovarian cyst. This is a tumor-like process that is not commonly attributed to oncology. A cyst is a formation that occurs due to the accumulation of fluid secretion in the ovarian cavity. The most common is a follicular cyst. The cyst of the corpus luteum is less common. The human anatomy in the pictures shows where the neoplasm can be placed.
Most often, a cyst can be a consequence of hormonal imbalance in the female body. Most often, such a nuisance occurs during menopause. But young girls often encounter an ovarian cyst. Most often, the disease is treated with medication. Surgical intervention is necessary only when conservative treatment does not give the desired result. If 3 months after the start of therapy, the size of the cyst does not decrease, a laparoscopic operation can be prescribed.
How to maintain women's health?
What is the ovary in women, every representative of the fair sex should know from a very young age. It must be understood that the normal functioning of the female body depends on the health of the paired penis. Unfortunately, many ovarian diseases begin to appear only when radical treatment is needed. Therefore, each girl should regularly undergo examination by a gynecologist and perform an ultrasound diagnosis of the pelvis. This will allow you to identify deviations at an early stage.
Every woman should know the joy of motherhood. This is a function that is inherent in nature. Frequent abortions negatively affect health. To avoid problems, the girl needs to choose the best option for contraception according to her age. How to better protect yourself from an unwanted pregnancy, the gynecologist will tell.