What is the Muller hormone, not everyone knows, but some women are too knowledgeable about all areas in the research of this substance. These women can not conceive on their own, and therefore undergo a variety of tests, including the endocrine system. Muller hormone is determined at the stage of preparing a woman for IVF - in vitro fertilization.
Where did the name come from - anti-Mule hormone
What does it mean - the Muller hormone and why is it called AMG - the anti-Muller hormone? It all started with Johan MĂĽller, who studied human anatomy in the 19th century. He discovered that in the human embryo there is a certain duct in front of the uterus, which he called Muller.
It is in the embryos of the male and female. In newborn boys, this duct is absorbed by the hormone called AntimĂĽller. Which is logical, because it dissolves the Mueller duct.
In the female body, this hormone appears with the first matured egg and from that moment takes part in the work of the female reproductive system.
What does AMH do in a woman’s body?
Muller hormone in the body of women has a number of important functions. It is produced by the egg itself, located in the ovary. His task is to ensure the development of the primary follicle, and then prepare the woman's body for conception. Muller hormone prepares the body for follicle-stimulating hormone.
Without it, the complete maturation of the egg and its exit into the fallopian tube during ovulation is impossible. Moreover, the described hormone in women is responsible for protecting the body from the harmful effects of the environment.
What is it - muller hormone in women in modern medicine? This is a marker, thanks to which doctors can determine whether a woman is ready to conceive, whether IVF can be used, whether a girl has reached puberty, and a middle-aged woman has reached menopause.
By the way, AMH is a marker not only in humans, but also in animals, which helps veterinarians and biologists to regulate the populations of the studied species.
In the male body, AMH is involved in the formation and growth of the genitals in childhood and adolescence, and in middle age, its level decreases to almost zero.
Now it’s clear what it is - muller hormone in women and men. It remains to find out about its norms in the blood and various deviations.
Normal hormone levels in the female body
The norm in women of the Muller hormone does not depend on the days of the menstrual cycle at all. This, by the way, is its main difference from all other hormones of the endocrine system.
The Muller hormone norm reflects the actual number of follicles that can become normal ova. That is, the value of the hormone in the blood reports the number of mature eggs.
The norm for a woman capable of childbearing is an indicator from 1 to 2.5 ng / mg. All other deviations to a greater or lesser extent indicate the presence of a pathology that can interfere with conception. The exact amount of the hormone determines this or that disease - only a doctor will determine.
In the male body, a level value from 0.49 to 5.98 ng / mg is considered the norm. In old age this indicator can change.
Indications for the study of AMH level
Why do we need an analysis for the Muller hormone and what it is, of course. In what situations is he investigated? Indeed, to analyze the ability of a woman to conceive, such specific hormones as FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone are studied.
The fact is that if it was not possible to understand the reasons for the inability to become pregnant, the study of AMH is the last chance in solving this issue.
The analysis is also carried out:
- with an increased level of follicle-stimulating hormone ;
- suspected occurrence of cysts in the woman's ovaries;
- cancer of the reproductive system;
- delayed puberty in a girl or, conversely, with early maturity.
The level of the Muller hormone can quite accurately show the sex of the unborn child in the early stages of pregnancy. And, of course, the level of the hormone is studied with an unsuccessful attempt to conduct an IVF procedure.
In what situation is it necessary to pass an analysis on AMG
In various situations, doctors prescribe a variety of tests to understand the cause of infertility or the development of pathology.
But there are a number of conditions in which it is impossible to do without analysis on AMG:
- The study of the level of the hormone is necessary when determining the cause of the violation of the puberty of the girl.
- It helps to determine the sex of the embryo in the development of hermophrodism syndrome. Situations when the female and male genital organs simultaneously develop in the embryo.
- When to take the Muller hormone, the oncologist can indicate during the diagnosis of the pathology in the female reproductive system.
- Analysis of the level of the hormone can reflect the total number of remaining follicles in the ovaries of a woman, ready for maturation and conception.
Preparing for the test
In order for the level of AMH in the blood to be reflected adequately and there is no distortion of information, it is necessary to properly prepare for the procedure for the delivery of blood samples:
- It is believed that the day of the monthly cycle does not affect the hormone content in the blood of a woman, but, nevertheless, it is recommended to take the test on the 5-6th day after the end of ovulation.
- 3-4 days before visiting the laboratory, it is necessary to stop physical activity. If labor activity is related to physical work, you need to take a sick leave for this time, all sports should be canceled.
- 1-2 days before blood donation, you need to try to calm your nervous system. Stressful situations must be avoided. It is recommended to get enough sleep.
- 12 hours before the analysis, you can not eat, drink, and even smoke cigarettes. On the day of testing, it is recommended not to brush your teeth.
If a woman is on hormonal drugs, you should inform the specialist who deciphers the results.
In addition, if a woman is sick with an infectious disease, the analysis is recommended to be postponed to the time when she will be healthy. If this is not possible, then the doctor needs to be informed that the analysis gave up during the illness. He will be able to make the necessary adjustments to the results.
If AMG is low
A reduced level of AMH is recorded in middle-aged women and precedes the onset of menopause. During this period, her ovulation delays begin and menstrual cycles are disturbed.
Such an analysis predicts menopause with an accuracy of 1-2 months, which gives a woman a chance to get pregnant if she does not already have children and put it off “for later”. After all, after the result of the analysis, she still has 3-4 years for this.
If a low level of AMH is observed in a young woman, then this indicates her early puberty, overweight or is a consequence of taking hormonal contraceptives, which caused tension in the ovaries.
If a reduced level of AMH was a congenital phenomenon, then artificially bringing it back to normal is not possible even taking into account replacement therapy.
If AMH level is elevated
When an increased level of AMH is observed in a woman’s body, this can be a sign of rather dangerous conditions:
- These can be systemic diseases and the development of tumors. For example, polycystic pathology in the ovary.
- Possible delayed sexual development of the girl.
- For all women who smoke and drink alcohol, Muller’s hormone is elevated to a critical level.
- The mental state of a woman leads to an increase in AMG - stress, depression, neurosis.
If an elevated level of the hormone is detected, first of all, the doctor determines the cause of such a growth of the substance in the blood. Only after this, therapeutic measures begin, a direction to eliminate the causes of increased AMH and normalize it in the blood.
If all the prescriptions prescribed by the doctor are observed, the increased level of AMH quickly returns to normal.
An endocrinologist or reproductologist is involved in the problem of hormonal imbalance, in particular the Muller hormone, depending on the situation in which the woman is.
What you need to do to increase AMG
How to increase the Muller hormone with its low content and vice versa - lower it in the opposite situation, the doctor can tell.
In general, the normalization of the hormonal level in the blood is a rather delicate topic, and not every specialist succeeds the first time. So self-medication in this case is inefficient and dangerous.
But there are a number of recommendations, following which you can independently normalize the level of AMH, without forgetting to regularly check with your doctor.
First of all, you need to bring your body to a normal state - to get rid of excess weight or excessive thinness. To do this, you need to normalize nutrition and revise your diet. You need to eat in small portions, but 7-8 times a day. Then the stomach will not be overloaded, and all the nutrients from the food can enter the bloodstream. Be sure to diversify the diet. You can not get involved in mono-diets and vegetarianism. The body needs vitamins, plant and animal protein, fats and carbohydrates. It is only necessary to remove from the diet fried meat of fatty varieties, sweet pastries, carbonated drinks.
Be sure to get rid of bad habits - smoking and drinking alcohol. After all, it is known that alcohol kills not only brain cells, but also the woman’s eggs. When there are a lot of them, it is imperceptible, but the number of eggs is limited by nature, and sooner or later they end. And if you drink alcohol, the young woman will never give birth. So, “one glass” in a restaurant can become the limit that will deprive a woman of the opportunity to become a mother.
It is impossible to lose weight, only eating right. Be sure to do sports. It doesn’t matter which one - the main thing is that training become a habit and become regular. Even if it's just an evening walk on foot. Ideal for women is suitable for swimming and jogging. This not only strengthens the body’s immune system, but also improves blood circulation in the pelvic organs. So, the eggs will ripen on time and will be healthy.
Alternative treatment
You can take a course of treatment with herbal infusions and decoctions, they certainly will not be able to harm. It is suggested to drink tincture from sage or a pine uterus. You can prepare the product at home. It is necessary to brew grass with boiling water, in a ratio of 200 g of water per 1 tbsp. a spoonful of dry plant. After the infusion has cooled, it is necessary to strain it and consume 100 g 3 times a day before meals. The entire course of treatment is 15 days, then a break of 10 days, and you can repeat the cycle.
The fact that such a hormonal disruption was known by the ancient Greeks. Therefore, they came up with to boil rose petals with boiling water to improve women's health. This drink should be taken before bedtime, 30 g at a time. Before starting any treatment with folk remedies, you must always consult a doctor.
Conclusion
Analysis of AMG is included in a set of measures in the study of infertility problems and attempts to conduct IVF. But if nothing helps to conceive a child, you can not despair. After all, there is such a thing as surrogate motherhood when another woman carries an egg or, in the end, adoption.