Preventive medicine is the main section, which is aimed at strengthening the protective forces of the whole organism and its individual systems. At the present stage, it has several subsections. What is the prevention of noncommunicable diseases and other ailments and how to comprehensively affect the body?
General principles of preventive medicine
No matter how modern medicine directs its forces towards overcoming ailments, their prevention is the main goal. Prevention of noncommunicable diseases is the main task of specialists. This will avoid epidemic waves. The prevention section is engaged in such a noble deed. What should be directed to forces, and what means of disease prevention are used at the present stage of development of medicine?
All methods of preventive exposure can be divided into two main groups:
- direct impact on the risk factors of specific diseases;
- influence on the state of the body as a whole, maintaining vital energy at the proper level and caring for the immune system.
The first group is also called specific, and such measures are most often prescribed by a specialist when there is a risk of developing a specific disease.
Types of prevention
The section that deals with the prevention of pathologies has several orientations, which are divided into 3 main groups:
- primary prevention;
- secondary;
- tertiary.
In turn, it is necessary to talk about primary when there is no disease, and maintaining such a state is the task of the presented stage.
Preventive measures at this stage include maintaining the general condition of the body at the proper level, strengthening it and constant examination.
Prevention of noncommunicable diseases using primary agents includes the use of vitamin preparations, a rational diet, personal hygiene, and consultation with a doctor to identify any pathological processes.
Vaccination also refers to this stage and is mandatory.
What ailments require careful prevention?
Among the most popular pathologies that occur in people at different times, depending on the season, the disposition of the body, lifestyle, the presence of bad habits, we can distinguish:
- Spinal problems. This can be scoliosis, seasonal exacerbations of osteochondrosis, vertebral shift, hernia and other pathologies.
- Cardiovascular disease is an accompanying illness of most older people, when the body gradually wears out, the vessels become clogged, and in the absence of treatment for such patients they are accompanied by constant pain.
- Dental diseases - from a very early age, a person determines the fate of his teeth by the way he cares for them. Rational prevention of dental diseases is able to prevent many concomitant pathologies of the facial skeleton and all human organs.
- Pathology of the respiratory system can cause the inferior life of many people. From constant shortness of breath and a tormenting cough, no one has yet received pleasure. Prevention of respiratory diseases largely saves the majority of the population, which is predisposed to these pathologies.
- Intestinal diseases are definitely a leader among all diseases in adults and children, since everyone has suffered from such pathologies, at least once during their whole life.
- Non-infectious lesions, which are more common in children, require a special approach and measures to prevent the disease.
Each disease can be perceived as independent, but then the effect of treatment will not be so pronounced than when the whole body is taken as a single system, which must be influenced in a complex way. Such an approach should be the basis for specialists who are involved in the prevention of diseases, but more often the opposite happens. Therefore, so that the body remains in good shape and does not disturb, you do not need to wait for the manifestation of some kind of ailment, but prevention should begin now.
Comprehensive effects on the respiratory system
Respiratory organs are responsible for many functions in the body. They support immunity, purify the inhaled air, and are responsible for the sense of smell, which, of course, affects the quality of life.
When respiratory diseases occur, all sorts of problems begin that interfere with a normal life.
Primary prevention of pathologies includes the following complex:
- Inhalation is the simplest and most effective method of influencing disease risk factors. Inhalation is breathing hot steam from a liquid with medicinal plants. Also, to affect the respiratory system, you can breathe steam of potatoes. This method promotes rapid regeneration of the nasal mucosa, and also has an anti-inflammatory and soothing effect.
- Prevention of respiratory diseases for its own purposes uses a variety of essential oils - conifers, for example, juniper or pine. In this way, lubricating the mucous membrane, you can repel many microbes and other pathological organisms.
- Nasal drops also play a role in preventing disease.
In addition, there are many physiotherapeutic procedures that are actively used, but rather for treatment than for preventive purposes. A person must independently decide when it is necessary to undergo a course of wellness procedures for his body.
Measures to prevent childhood ailments
Children of primary and school age are most susceptible to all kinds of diseases. This is due to constant contacts in the environment of the kindergarten and school, as well as to unconsciousness and non-observance of personal hygiene rules. The child tastes everything, every toy at least once, but gets into the mouth of any baby, in addition, without the supervision of parents and educators, not everyone is washing his hands before eating and after the toilet.
Prevention of diseases in children in the first place should take place as a sanitary-educational work. From early childhood, every child should learn how to wash their hands properly, how to communicate with their peers, and, of course, take an example from their parents. It depends on the latter what hygiene skills children learn.
Prevention of childhood diseases should be comprehensive and aimed at improving all organs. The child’s body is constantly evolving, therefore subject to all sorts of changes and ailments. Prevention of noncommunicable diseases in children is based on several elements:
- Wellness measures of parents. Children spend most of their time at home, because all households are risk factors, and their health directly affects the condition of the younger generation. You should also be screened for a genetic predisposition to chronic diseases that parents suffer from.
- The period of intrauterine development is the first stage that determines the possible pathology. Therefore, the entire period of pregnancy, a woman should consult not only with gynecologists, but also with other specialists who can identify and prevent pathologies.
- Where and how the child lives affects his general condition and predisposition to noncommunicable diseases. Therefore, improving living conditions directly affects how the body will develop.
- An active lifestyle should be the motto of the baby from birth. Parents should conduct special gymnastics - this is a good prevention of scoliosis from an early age. When children grow older and realize themselves as part of society, they should direct their energy in the right direction - sports clubs, swimming pools, outdoor activities. All this in the best way affects the state of health and the body's ability to withstand diseases.
- A normalized schedule of study and rest should be a constant condition for the development of the child. His appetite, sleep, and the health of the immune system depend on this.
- Avoiding stress, such as quarrels between mom and dad, poor school performance. All this should be regulated by parents and carers.
All these measures, together with secondary prevention and the absence of congenital pathologies, can make life easier for children and fill it with positive without a hint of any disease.
How to prevent heart disease?
Prevention of heart disease is the most important step on the path to healing the whole body. The deterioration of the environment and living standards adversely affects the work of all organs and systems, especially the heart and blood vessels.
Prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular system includes the following steps:
- Normalization of nutrition and drawing up an individual diet in cases of congenital malformations or chronic diseases.
- An active lifestyle can prevent many cardiac pathologies. This is due to the fact that salts and fats in the body, which are deposited during a sedentary lifestyle, can provoke cardiovascular pathologies up to a cardiac arrest.
- Regular physical activity as an element of prevention is practiced by the Center for Disease Prevention and sanatoriums, whose work is aimed at primary and secondary prevention of pathology of the cardiovascular system.
- Avoiding stressful situations is the main method of preventive action on heart disease. It is proved that excessive tension of the nervous system negatively affects the health of blood vessels. Negative experiences can provoke a disease such as systemic vasculitis, followed by other more serious problems with the cardiovascular system.
- The exclusion of bad habits, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, drugs and chemicals, has a positive effect on the functioning of the heart and the restoration of the previous functions of the body.
- Regular examination is the key to timely detection of pathologies and rational treatment. The disease, which was able to be detected at an early stage, can easily be treated and not go into a chronic form.
Dental and Oral Health
Dental health is directly related to the state of other organs and systems. The oral cavity is a link in the respiratory and digestive systems, which affects their condition during pathologies in the oral cavity.
Dental disease prevention includes good hygiene and regular dental check-ups. At the same time, lifestyle plays an important role. A timely sanitized oral cavity is a secondary prevention of many diseases: both inflammatory, infectious, and destructive processes in bone tissue.
The first stage of prevention in dentistry is sanitary and educational work with children of primary and school age.
In second place is an equally important task - consultation of women during pregnancy and the subsequent specialist visit with the child from the moment of eruption of the first tooth. This is the main step towards a healthy smile for the baby.
Chronic diseases should be treated comprehensively, including the conservative and surgical method, which positively affects the complete extinction of the process and prevents its re-development.
Individual hygiene must be observed taking into account all modern standards that recommend:
- change your toothbrush every month and use different toothpastes to avoid tooth addiction;
- use additional methods - rinses, toothbrushes, chewing gums, irrigators, oral centers and others.
Healthy teeth are the key to well-being and good mood. In addition, a beautiful smile speaks of the health of the whole organism.
Intestinal pathology. How to warn?
Prevention of intestinal diseases is especially relevant for young children, who are most susceptible to infection of the intestines with various parasitic forms of life.
Preventive measures aimed at preventing intestinal infections include:
- separate food, in which fish, meat and vegetables are consumed separately, as well as the storage of these products on different shelves of the refrigerator;
- to prevent infection, greens must be moistened in warm water for 10 minutes before use, then rinse thoroughly with running water;
- cooked salads should not be stored for more than 4 hours, even in conditions ideal for them;
- Before any purchase of a variety of products, you should not neglect the label, it is better to read all the information about the product, as well as specify the expiration date and manufacturer;
- rodents and other pets are not allowed to food;
- Avoid contact with infected people.
Intestinal parasites, unlike infectious diseases, are not immediately felt, therefore, identification in the later stages complicates the treatment and rehabilitation.
Spinal health
Prevention of scoliosis and other pathologies of the spine involves several stages. The main ones are a healthy diet, optimal load on the spine and proper posture.
Risk factors for most diseases are improper loads on each section of the skeletal system, as well as an incorrect lifestyle.
Excluding the above, you can take care of the health of your support apparatus and live without the discomfort that accompanies patients almost every minute when you try to turn the body.
Principles and means of preventing vertebral pathologies:
- morning exercises to warm up each of the spine;
- eating a large number of essential trace elements, including calcium and phosphorus;
- the exclusion of bad habits: smoking and alcohol addiction are the first enemies of the normal functioning of the spine;
- regular examination by a doctor and compliance with all its recommendations.
All these simple preventive measures, combined by professionals in the field of medicine and hygiene, can change the life of every person for the better, requiring only minimal attention to your body.
The relevance of the issue of disease prevention
Each medical worker, regardless of his position and field of work, should direct his efforts to the prevention of various diseases. This applies to infectious and non-infectious pathologies.
Medicine will reach a new level only when preventive measures come first in relation to treatment.
The disease is easier to prevent than to hope for life from specialists for a lifetime. Particular attention is currently required from world medicine for the prevention of vascular diseases.