Everyone at school is studying physics. And it’s no secret that there is such a branch of physics - electrostatics. What kind of science is such a "physics"? What problems in physics does electrostatics solve? And in general, what is she studying - electrostatics - doing? Well, let's try to figure it out.
Science of nature
Let's start with the definition of “physicist,” electrostatics will wait.
The name of one of the most extensive sciences of natural science comes from the ancient Greek word φύσις - nature. Physics is a science about the laws of nature (and they (these laws) are not only the simplest, but also the most general), about matter itself, as well as about its structure and its motion. Like any other science, physics consists of several components, among which is electrodynamics, which is devoted to the study of the electromagnetic field and its interaction with bodies and particles having an electric charge. Electrostatics is part of this branch of physics.
Section of Electrodynamics
Electrostatics is completely dedicated to resting bodies that have a positive or negative electric charge. There is such a thing as a “point electric charge” —this is a body that is positively or negatively charged, the size and shape of which can be neglected in solving such a problem (in other words, if the distances between the bodies under study are much larger than their sizes).
The interaction between such charges is determined by Coulomb's law. It states that the force arising from the interaction of two resting point charges has a direct dependence on the magnitude of each of them and an inverse dependence on the square of the distance between these charges. Moreover, such a force has a direction along the line of connection of the charges in question. Thus, electrostatics studies resting electric charges, which can be positive or negative.