The history of the development of the information society in the Russian Federation

In 1999, the Concept for the Development of the Information Society in the Russian Federation was developed. Its purpose is to determine the way to build a communication system, the main priorities, provisions and conditions of state policy in the field of communications. The document substantiated the socio-economic, cultural and other prerequisites for the formation of individual elements and the establishment of their relationship in a single structure.

History of the Information Society

It is divided into four stages. At each of them, society moves to a qualitatively new level of its development. These stages determine the turning points in the existence of the whole world. The history of the development of the information society began with the advent of writing. It led to a quantum leap in the formation of civilization. People now have the opportunity to accumulate knowledge in writing in order to pass it on to future generations. At this stage, qualitatively new methods and means of data collection and generalization arose. The history of the development of the information society is closely related to typography. In the middle of the XVI century. a new stage began, in the framework of which profound changes took place in the culture of civilization, the organization of human activity. Typography is considered one of the first communication technologies. People not only received new means of collecting, accumulating, systematizing information. Thanks to the massive distribution of print media, cultural property has become publicly available. This, in turn, contributed to a more active purposeful and independent development of the individual. The significance of this stage is the emergence of a more advanced way of storing knowledge.

Turning points

At the end of the 19th century, electricity was invented. Thanks to this, a radio, telegraph and telephone appeared. These funds made it possible to quickly transfer information in any volume. The fourth stage is associated with the advent of microprocessor technology and the creation of personal computers. Electric and mechanical means of data conversion were replaced by electronic ones. This contributed to the miniaturization of devices, components, machines, devices, the emergence of software-controlled processes. The history of the development of the information society, therefore, is a rather lengthy process that began in ancient times. At the last stage, mankind has received a means of enhancing its intellectual activity, which is a computer.

The situation in the Russian Federation

The development of the information society of the Russian Federation began relatively recently. Over the past few decades, real paths and prerequisites for the formation and improvement of the communication system in the country have been clearly recognized. The development of the information society in Russia is global in nature. It implies the inevitable accession of the state to the global communication system. The use of spiritual and material informational benefits can provide citizens of the country with a decent life, the necessary conditions for improving their personality, and economic prosperity. The state must join the developed powers as an equal participant with the preservation of its political independence, cultural traditions, national identity. The main signs and features, as well as the direction of development of the information society in the Russian Federation will be finally formed before the end of the first quarter of the 21st century.

Features

The development of information technologies and the information society in the Russian Federation should be accompanied by:

1. The formation of a single communication space in the country as part of the global system.
2. The full participation of the state in the economic and informational integration of peoples, regions and developed powers.
3. The emergence and dominance of subsequently new technological structures based on the mass application of promising programs, military equipment and telecommunications.
4. Creation and improvement of the market of knowledge and information as production factors complementing the markets of natural resources, capital and labor.
5. Strengthening the role of communication infrastructure in mass production.
6. Improving the quality of education, cultural and scientific-technical development by expanding the capabilities of communication systems at the international, regional and national levels.
7. The formation of an effective system to ensure the rights of social institutions and individuals to free access, dissemination and use of public data as the most important condition for democratization.

All processes of the development of the information society in the Russian Federation should take place with the continuous participation and support of the state.

Background

The invention of the computer is far from the last period of development. The information society goes through many stages, the duration and speed of which are different. The need for a qualitatively new transformation in the field of communication is caused by a change in the nature of the influence of scientific and technical progress on human life. By the end of the 20th century, the speed of changing the technological order in production, the technologies for providing services and products, and managing these processes has significantly increased. At the beginning or even in the middle of the century, such changes took place over time periods, in their duration significantly exceeding the life expectancy of 1-2 generations of people, today these periods are significantly reduced. The transition to each subsequent level is accompanied by dramatic changes in the lifestyle of the vast majority of citizens, the socio-psychological model of behavior in general.

Globalization of communications

Over the past few decades, certain factors have formed in Russia that can be considered as key prerequisites for the formation of the information society in the country. These primarily include the globalization of the communication system. Information recently acts as a public development resource. It is used on a scale that is quite comparable with the use of traditional resources (raw materials, energy, etc.). Thus, the country has reached a fairly high level of development of the information society in a relatively short time.

Telecommunications market

Experts note that in Russia it has formed and is developing quite effectively. Despite the recession in the economy, there is an expansion of the computer park, accelerated improvement of telecommunication facilities and systems. The number of corporate networks and subscribers of open world systems is growing quite rapidly. The number of Internet users in Russia is large. In addition, there is a successful telephone installation of the population, the expansion of the market for cellular communications.

Information Society Development Strategy in the Russian Federation

The main objectives in the field of communication and communication are:

1. Integration of the country into the world community. This should provide a significant improvement in the quality of life of citizens, social and political stability of the entire state.
2. The formation of a developed information environment in the country.

In the near future, the transition to a new communication system should be considered as a necessary condition for the state to overcome the current economic crisis. The development strategy of the information society in the Russian Federation involves the creation and implementation of tools to effectively overcome the difficulties that occur in spiritual, social and political life. The formation of the communication environment acts as a factor in the integration of people's consciousness around humanistic values ​​and national traditions. A qualitatively new system should become an instrument for strengthening the state, and for social and economic equalization of the quality of life in the country's regions.

Power involvement

The information stage of the development of society cannot be effective in the absence of support from the state. The country's government plays a key role in effectively ensuring the establishment of a unified communication system. State:

1. Coordinates the work of various participants in the process of informatization.
2. Provides improvement of democratic institutions in the country.
3. Preserves the political, legal, economic mechanisms that regulate the activities of participants.
4. It creates a regulatory framework, methods and forms of administrative regulation, adequate to modern conditions and contributing to the influx of investments, the formation of fair competition.
5. It provides freedom of choice for businesses that are interested in developing production and expanding the domestic market.

If the state does not have effective financial mechanisms that can ensure the transition to a single system, the development strategy of the information society is implemented through the formation of a regulatory framework governing relations in the field of communication and communication.

Regulatory tools

The development strategy of the information society in the Russian Federation gives the state the role of a catalyst for the ongoing changes. To do this, the government:

1. He fights against monopolism, controls the concentration of ownership in the telecommunications business and the media.
2. It provides technologically and legally the rights of the population to access information resources and public data, protect personal information, and guarantees people the provision of a constantly updated and expanding range of communication services.
3. It takes measures to strengthen the culture of the multinational people, counteracts the information and cultural expansion of foreign countries in the media and open networks, helps preserve the country's identity, and develops a policy for the development of the Russian part of the Internet.
4. It guarantees freedom of speech regardless of the data distribution environment.
5. He purposefully uses communication technologies to ensure a dialogue between citizens and authorities.
   

Important point

The strategy of building the information society requires active propaganda and psychological support from the population. Citizens should be aware of its programmatic activities and basic provisions. The population needs to explain the social orientation of the transition. People should understand the need to build a qualitatively new information society. For this, it must be justified and brought to the public through the media. When implementing the strategy, it is also necessary to take into account domestic and foreign experience, analyze the program-targeted methods of organizing activities in the field of communication and communication. All events should have an integrating character, focus on combining various commercial and departmental projects.

Conclusion

The strategy has a nationwide departmental character. This provides an opportunity to coordinate the efforts of all actors involved in this global transition. It is important to ensure the shift of processes from the center of the country to the periphery. A wide involvement of municipal and regional authorities in the implementation of targeted communication programs is needed.