The developmental environment in the middle group is organized in strict accordance with the new federal state standards of the second generation used in preschool educational institutions. We study the features of this process, as well as its effectiveness for educating the younger generation of our country.
Areas of use
The subject-developmental environment in the middle group implies the use of five educational areas :
- speech;
- cognitive;
- wellness;
- artistic and aesthetic;
- social and communicative.
Construction principles
Its construction involves the consideration of certain rules and techniques. The subject-developing environment of the middle group of the kindergarten is built using the principle of distance, activity, creativity, independence, flexible zoning, individual comfort, openness, and mental factors.
This process is aimed at creating the emotional well-being of each representative of the kindergarten.
The subject-developing environment in the middle group involves a combination of classical and innovative elements in the aesthetic organization of the educational and educational environment.
Activities
What directions can be included in such work? The project of the subject-development environment in the middle group involves the organization of activities in certain blocks.
The artistic and aesthetic direction involves the creation of a “Creative Workshop” in the kindergarten, in which the children will be able to demonstrate their crafts, applications. Such an organization of the subject-development environment in the middle group contributes to the formation of creative activities among preschoolers, gives ideas for new interesting works.
As part of the Creative Workshop, educators offer step-by-step instructions for making various original crafts, using which preschoolers can improve their productive activities.
A similar center has the equipment and materials necessary for the creative and artistic activities of kids:
- stencils, napkins, scissors, pencils;
- glue, brushes, cardboard, paper, plasticine;
- didactic games.
The creation of a developmental environment in the middle group of this type provides an excellent opportunity for the early diagnosis of gifted and talented children.
The child, at his request, can take paper and pencils from the closet, which contains all the materials and devices necessary for creativity, and turn his creative ideas, original ideas, and fantasy into reality.
This developing object-spatial medium of the middle group is accessible to every child, which fully complies with the requirements of the second generation GEF.
Features of speech development
On the basis of the preschool educational institution, the World of the Book Center is organized, which is a separate book corner. When a plan of the subject-development environment is drawn up, the middle group is considered as the first stage of preparation for learning at school. Books with the works of children's writers, Russian folk tales are selected for this center so that they have the maximum number of colorful and vivid illustrations.
In addition to books in this small library, educators post photographs of children's authors so that children can visually remember them, as well as some information about their life and work.
Such a subject-developing environment in the middle group also allows for the presence of didactic games that contribute to the development of fine motor skills of preschoolers.
Literacy
The Literacy Center involves the acquisition of didactic games that allow the teacher to develop children's speech. Here you can see a variety of plot pictures, mirrors, soft toys. Such a subject-developing environment of the middle group on GEF is optimal for the formation of preschool children 's skills in drawing up sentences, a short story, and the ability to conduct a discussion and answer questions.
Cognitive development
It is supposed to take into account the individual and age characteristics of children, their emotional experience, level of mental development. A similar subject-developing environment in the middle group of preschool educational institutions is aimed at the formation of ideas about the integrity of the world among the younger generation. In the course of various types of activities, children gain new knowledge, learn to analyze and apply them in everyday life.
Center "Ecology"
In any middle group of kindergarten has its own living area. It may contain:
- various types of indoor flowers;
- turtles, parrots, hamsters;
- care items - watering cans, gloves, rake, scoops, shovels, aprons, spray guns.
Such a subject-developing environment of the middle group according to GEF contributes to the formation of a respectful attitude towards wildlife in the younger generation.
While in the younger group, children acted as passive observers of the teacher’s actions, in the middle group, the mentor actively attracts children to take care of living plants.
The analysis of the subject-development environment in the middle group confirms the importance of environmental education in the DOE.
Experimental activity
The guys create a real mini-garden in the cold season. In addition to houseplants, which they care for - water, weed, transplant, wash, in a living corner are a variety of didactic materials related to the environment.
For example, pictures "Plant and Animal World", "Seasons", dummies of fruits and vegetables, collections of natural materials form among preschoolers an idea of wildlife. Among the main elements of the ecological corner in the middle group, it is necessary to note the weather and nature calendar. It involves a mark on air temperature, the presence of wind, precipitation at different times of the year.
Together with their parents and educator, the children are collecting herbarium, stones, seeds. During classes in a living corner, they gain skills in working with magnifiers, microscopes, measuring cups, flasks, watches, watering cans.
When conducting research activities aimed at growing certain plants in a mini-garden, the children learn to draw up special observation diaries, analyze the results, draw conclusions on the work done.
The conditions created for the cognitive activity of preschool children in the middle group fully comply with the requirements of new educational standards. The teacher implements an individual approach to each child, builds individual educational development paths for his wards. Kids turn under the guidance of their mentor into real researchers who can understand and explain the essence of their experiments and experiments.
Center "Mathematics"
The game library, which is created in the middle group, is aimed at developing logical thinking in preschoolers. In such a center there is iconic material: sets of cards for comparing numbers, a magnetic board, cubes with geometric shapes and numbers, mosaics and sets of puzzles. In addition, a mass of diverse games is selected in such a mathematical corner, contributing to the development of fine motor skills of fingers in children.
For example, with the help of the game “Cut Square” by Nikitin, as well as the logical blocks of Dyenesh, the educator stimulates the development of logical thinking, and forms the primary idea of geometric figures in his wards.
Thanks to gaming activities, a holistic saturated environment is created, which involves the allocation of sufficient space for activities.
It is during role-playing games that the purposeful development of children, their cognitive interest in elementary mathematics is formed, the perseverance and concentration of preschoolers increases.
Each child chooses the direction of activity that attracts him the most. Such a personality-oriented approach fully satisfies the requirements of the second generation federal educational standards that were introduced into the preschool system.
Moral and patriotic education
Considering the fact that one of the areas indicated in the Federal State Educational Standard for preschool education is precisely the formation of a careful attitude of preschool children to their people, traditions, special programs of a patriotic orientation are used to implement this task in the middle preschool group. In a separate place in the group is the symbolism of the country: the flag, the coat of arms of the Russian Federation, as well as the coat of arms of the region in which the preschool educational institution is located. Here are illustrative materials, thanks to which the children will be able to get acquainted with different parts of their country.
During classes, the teacher pays special attention to the civil-patriotic development of his pupils, the formation of a tolerant attitude towards representatives of other nationalities and religions among preschoolers.
Study of local lore
Among the areas of activity that are considered to be mandatory in the new educational standards developed for preschool institutions, a special place is given to the regional component.
In groups, children, together with their teachers, create special local history corners in which they place information about nature, traditions, and historical places of their native land.
Having enlisted the active support of parents, the teacher, together with the children, periodically arranges photo exhibitions devoted to family traditions and joint rest.
Construction center
Its essence lies in the allocation of a certain space for individual or collective activities of preschoolers aimed at collecting various structures from individual parts. Due to the fact that during the game the guys independently come up with schemes and models of houses, children's playgrounds, car parks, not only the imagination is formed, but also logical thinking develops.
Musical and theatrical direction
Theatrical activity is singled out as an important and obligatory object of the developing environment, which should be formed in the middle group of the kindergarten. With its help, the teacher manages to rally the children with one original idea. Feeling like real actors, the kids are liberated, demonstrate to others such facets of character that no one even knew about.
A mobile screen is placed in the group, they think over a real theatrical performance in which each kid will have his own role.
Conclusion
To implement the social order specified in the federal educational standards of the second generation, a special subject-developing environment is created in preschool institutions. The situation created in the Kindergarten is one of the main factors affecting the formation of the personality of a preschooler.
That is why in our time the question of organizing a full-fledged subject-spatial development environment in the middle group of preschool institutions is considered quite important and relevant.
The educational environment means the sum of those conditions that are aimed at the full development, upbringing, education of the younger generation.
Special materials, equipment, additional equipment, which are used in preschool educational institutions, should fully take into account the age characteristics of children, help strengthen their mental and physical health.
GEF of the new generation suggest such a construction of the educational and educational program in the middle groups of kindergartens, which use the principle of integration of various educational fields, taking into account the individual characteristics of each pupil. Practitioners try to apply innovative methods, methods of upbringing and training in their work in order to fully fulfill the basic tasks that the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation sets before them.