In order to determine the condition of a person, various tests are usually done. Moreover, one of the main criteria for determining the condition is the result of a general analysis of urine. An important point should be recognized as a point like “smell”.
In a healthy person, when urinating, urine should not have a pronounced smell. If urine smells of something - this should immediately alert him and his people. Especially if this person is not quite adult and mature.
The smell can be fruity, most often apple, which suggests a development of such a serious disease as diabetes. It is noted that if there is too much sugar in the blood - more than 14 mmol per liter, then a huge amount of ketonic acids is formed in the blood and, accordingly, in the patient's urine. Ketonic acids are called special products of fat metabolism in the body.
In a healthy person, such acids are absent in the urine. Although it removes from the body from 20 to 50 grams of ketone bodies per day. This is acetoacetic acid, and acetone, and beta-hydroxybutyric acid. However, in those portions of urine that enter the laboratory as samples for analysis, it is almost impossible to detect them.
Urine with the smell of acetone indicates that an inflammation of the urinary tract occurs in the body. That is, the decomposition of urine into bacteria occurs directly in the urinary tract. Such processes are observed with decaying tumors, with severe cystitis and with ulcers located in the bladder.
Therefore, if urine smells of acetone, then the body actively expels ketonuria - ketone bodies. The reasons for this may be cooling or high physical activity, fever or diabetes mellitus, toxicosis or dysentery, inflammation of the urinary tract or the presence of decaying tumors.
The presence in the urine of a patient with diabetes mellitus, ketone bodies suggests that nutritional adjustments should be taken seriously. Massive ketonuria indicates that decompensated severe diabetes mellitus has developed in the body and there is a likelihood of developing hyperglycemic coma.
Another question is if blood sugar is not detected, but meanwhile the urine smells of acetone. The conclusion follows that the patient is not a diabetic. Perhaps ketonuria appeared due to acidosis due to starvation, due to an unbalanced diet, due to disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, due to fever or poisoning and toxicosis.
A disease in which urine smells of acetone is also called acetonuria. The physiological norm of acetone in the urine is up to 0.01 grams. But if the patient is abusing protein food, this figure may change upwards. However, ketonuria (acetonuria), caused by diabetes mellitus, oncology, digestive disorders, childhood cramps, anemia and general exhaustion, deserves special attention. In rare cases, this disease can be triggered by mental illness.
So you should be very serious about when the patient's urine smells of acetone. Especially the presence of a smell in a child should cause excitement. If at the same time it smells the same from the baby’s mouth, plus its lethargy, nervousness, fever, unhealthy blush and vomiting, then you should immediately call a doctor.
You can purchase an acetone test in a pharmacy - this will speed up the process of analysis for acetone in the urine. The test jar should be stored in a tightly closed state in the dark for no more than a month. Also, having noticed once elevated acetone in the urine, blood tests for sugar should be taken annually. Usually, by the age of 10, most children outgrow this condition, but prevention should not be neglected.