A lot has been said about the role of hemoglobin in human blood . But the main thing is that, in essence, it provides oxygen transportation to all organs of the body, thereby ensuring the necessary level of metabolism.
The norm of hemoglobin in the blood is an ambiguous indicator, which depends not only on the gender of a person, but also on his age, as well as on environmental conditions. In medicine, there is a certain gradation of hemoglobin: hemoglobin in men, women, and children. For men, the highest range is set, ranging from 130 g / l to 170 g / l. For the female body, this level can be a minimum of 120 g / l and a maximum of 160 g / l. These are general indicators. But when interpreting the result, it is not enough for the doctor to know only the gender of the patient.
Special provision
The interpretation of the analysis result depends not only on the patient’s gender. The rate of hemoglobin in the blood in certain groups of patients varies depending on physiological characteristics and age.
The rate of hemoglobin during gestation. During all three trimesters of pregnancy, doctors monitor this indicator in the blood of a pregnant woman. In this case, it decreases by 10 units, ranging from 110 g / l to 150 g / l.
The rate of hemoglobin in the blood of people living in highlands, subject to high physical exertion and a change in pressure, is also subject to changes and ranges from 150 to 170 g / l. Such a significant reduction in the range is an indicator of potential diseases and should be monitored by the attending physician.
Hemoglobin in children is under special control of doctors. The norm varies depending on the age of the child, and a deviation from it may indicate a violation of physical or mental development. The closest to the standard "adult" norms is the level of this indicator in the blood of adolescents from sixteen to eighteen years old. But the hemoglobin in newborns is significantly different, ranging from 145 g / l to 225 g / l. The first week of a child’s life is characterized by a decrease in its level by 10 units, and by the end of the second week it fits into the framework of 125 g / l – 205 g / l.
During the year, parents and the doctor are required to monitor the dynamics of hemoglobin in children. The norm for this period changes as follows: the first month - 100 g / l / -180 g / l, the second month - from 90 g / l to 140 g / l, in the period from three to six months - from 95 g / l to 135 g / l, and the second half of the first year of life is characterized by indicators from 100 g / l to 140 g / l. In subsequent periods, the hemoglobin values are gradually equalized in accordance with the “adults” characteristic of this place of residence.
Deviation from the norm .
The rate of hemoglobin in the blood is an indicator of the physical health of the patient, so a deviation from it in the direction of decrease or increase indicates the presence of serious diseases.
A decrease in hemoglobin levels is characterized by the presence of anemia and serious blood loss. Both cases require medical intervention with an examination of the body. It should be remembered that a decrease in hemoglobin in women can be observed with heavy menstruation, which means that the result of the analysis carried out during this period is uninformative. In addition, reduced hemoglobin in newborns deserves special attention. As a rule, it indicates problems of intrauterine development and requires a full examination of the newborn and subsequent constant monitoring.
But increased hemoglobin is not a positive factor in the functioning of the body. As a rule, this indicates that the patient is subjected to excessive physical exertion, receives excessive amounts of iron, or there is a lesion of an important organ (for example, heart disease or intestinal failure). Therefore, in the case of an increase in hemoglobin, a more complete examination of the body is also required .