Translated from Latin, the word "presidium" is "protection." In Latin, the word is used in the literal sense as a defense or guard, and in a figurative - as a chairmanship. In the theory of state and law, this term refers to a specific governing body that governs a meeting or meeting where important issues are resolved. This body consists of a group of people who are elected to perform their direct duties. In other words, the Presidium is a selected group of people that monitors the work of a particular association and takes organizational decisions that relate to this association.
The main areas of application of the term "presidium"
The composition of the specified governing body directly depends on the type of activity of representatives who are going to make important decisions. This term is often used in the legislative and judicial fields. Presidiums are created in youth and other communities, organizations, before national and international conferences, at meetings of entrepreneurs, among lawyers, etc.
The parliamentary presidium is a group of leaders who are elected by the main body of parliament. The structure of this body includes the speaker, the head of parliament and his deputies. The number of deputies directly depends on the number of deputies and on how many parties are represented on the council.
Main functions of the presidium of the court of general jurisdiction
In the judicial system, the Presidium is a collegial body, which, in essence, plays the role of oversight. This body is considered a mid-level formation in the courts of general jurisdiction, as well as in arbitration and higher courts. Such organizational bodies of courts of general jurisdiction are created to perform judicial and organizational functions. Persons elected to this structure should monitor the legality and objectivity of all sentences and decisions that have gained legal force, observe the court's consideration of the circumstances that have opened after the sentencing. The Presidium of the Court is a body that performs the following functions:
- Members of the structure review and perform an analysis of judicial practice.
- They monitor the work of the court apparatus.
- Helping lower courts to properly enforce the law.
- Approve the composition of the board of judges.
- They listen and analyze the work of the boards according to the reports of the chairmen of the judicial boards.
Presidium of the Arbitration Court
A slightly different situation is in the arbitration courts. The presidiums of the mid-level arbitration tribunal perform only organizational functions, and the Presidium of the Supreme Arbitration Court - both organizational and judicial.
Basically, the structure of the above-mentioned structural formation of mid-level courts includes the chairmen of the courts and their deputies, who hold the indicated positions in this period. Sometimes, qualified judges are also elected, who have stood out especially in the performance of their duties.
Presidium of the Supreme Court of Russia
The highest deliberative body of the Supreme Court is its Presidium. The Presidium of the Supreme Court is 13 judges approved by the Federation Council who have the opinion of the High Qualifications Collegium of Judges. As in the Supreme Arbitration Court, this structure of the Supreme Court includes the chairman and his deputies, as well as other judges of the Supreme Court, who have good characteristics.
The advisory body of the Supreme Court meets to consider organizational matters at least once a month. All necessary decisions are taken by the body only if there is a majority of the members of its basic composition. Decisions adopted at the meeting are signed by the chairman of the presidium, who is elected as such in accordance with the position of Chairman of the Supreme Court.
Sun Presidency Functions
The main functions of the Presidium of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are:
- Consideration of court cases in the circumstances.
- The study of judicial practice materials and the analysis of statistical data.
- The solution of organizational issues that relate to the work of the board of courts and the aircraft.
- The performance of other functions that are defined at the legislative level.