To make the correct diagnosis, tests often need to be done. The most informative of them is a general blood test. Its indicators make it possible to determine the presence of inflammation, anemia, decreased organ function and make it possible to identify many diseases at their initial stage. After all, blood is the main medium of the human body, and it is it that transfers nutrients to organs and removes metabolic products.
Usually, during the initial treatment of a patient for medical help , a general
blood analysis. Normal indicators of such an analysis indicate the proper functioning of all organs. To make the results more accurate, it is advisable to do an analysis in the morning, because after eating
the blood composition changes.
What are the most important indicators of a blood test?
1. Hemoglobin.
It is hemoglobin that determines the red color of the blood. It is important because it carries oxygen to the tissues of the body. Normally, the hemoglobin content should be at least 120 grams per liter in women and 130 in men. Hemoglobin consists of protein and iron, which binds oxygen. With iron deficiency and blood loss, anemia occurs - a low level of hemoglobin. Most hemoglobin deficiency affects
the functioning of the brain. But the increased content of this substance also indicates the presence of disorders in the body. Most often, it happens from dehydration, heart and lung diseases.
2. Other important indicators of a blood test are the number and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. They are the carriers of hemoglobin, although its content in these cells may vary. An increase and decrease in their level indicates the same diseases as hemoglobin indicators. Sometimes the red blood cell count may decrease after eating or at night. But a much more serious increase in their level. This can be a sign of oxygen starvation, lung disease, and cancer. Normally, the number of red blood cells should be 4-5 * 10 to 12 degrees per liter in men and slightly less in women. But much more important for determining the processes occurring in the body, the ESR value is the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. It can increase with many diseases, most often with inflammation, as well as with cancer, anemia, heart attack or blood diseases. ESR should be in a healthy man 1-10 millimeters per hour, and in a woman from 2 to 15. The speed can decrease with liver disease, blood clotting, starvation and a vegetarian diet.
3. In the diagnosis also take into account such indicators of a blood test as the condition
white blood cells. These cells respond to infections, inflammations and provide immune protection. There are several varieties of them, and they respond differently to diseases. Therefore, the analysis must take into account the state of all these cells: granulocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. The content of these cells is calculated by a special
leukocyte formula. The total number of leukocytes should be from 4 to 9 * 10 to 9 degrees. An increase in white blood cell count may indicate infectious diseases, suppuration, inflammation, renal failure, or heart attack. Its decrease is observed after taking certain drugs, with tuberculosis, malaria, influenza, hepatitis and cancer.
Another type of blood cell responsible for its coagulability is platelets. An increase or decrease in their number can also indicate serious illness. But their number is paid attention to when it is very different from the norm. Therefore, these blood counts are not so important.