Preschool age is a favorable time for the formation of moral and patriotic feelings. Modern educational standards that have been introduced into the system of domestic preschool education, imply the allocation of a certain time to the variable part.
The regional component of the educational program of the preschool educational institution on GEF is aimed at the formation in the younger generation of civic feelings, the accumulation of social experience. The work of teachers of preschool institutions is continued by teachers of secondary schools.
Significance of the regional component in preschool education
Teachers of preschool education have the crucial task of educating the younger generation as true patriots of their country. It is in kindergarten for children that the foundations of a respectful attitude to the traditions of ancestors are laid, pride in a small homeland.
The regional component in the educational program for the GEF DOW allows teachers to acquaint children with the history of the place where they live. Activities included in the program allow educators to form a sense of responsibility in children towards other people for their actions.
The purpose of implementation in preschool educational institutions
The regional component in the educational program on GEF is aimed at fostering emotional and spiritual values, a positive attitude to the cultural traditions of the peoples who live in the region, and creating a tolerant attitude towards representatives of other nationalities.
The main tasks of introducing the regional component in the DOW:
- the formation of pride in one’s origin;
- the creation of initial ideas about moral and spiritual values (compassion, love, patience, honor, dignity);
- education in the younger generation of interest in the moral and spiritual heritage of their ancestors;
- the formation of a sense of ownership in their country.
Features of use
The regional component in the educational program on GEF is one of the main means of socialization of preschool children. In the classes provided for by special regional programs, the kids are introduced to the culture, history, nature of their native land.
When developing lesson plans, an activity approach is taken into account that promotes the active involvement of preschool children in independent activity.
Projects and personal research related to family traditions, cultural objects of the village (city) contribute to the construction of individual educational paths, which fully complies with the requirements of the new generation of GEF.
Implementation Factors
The regional component in the educational program on GEF involves the use of certain educational technologies and local history programs:
- a combination of different types of activities of preschoolers;
- the formation of conditions for the full self-realization of each child, taking into account his social experience, characteristics of the emotional and cognitive sphere;
- application of methods and techniques to develop feelings and emotions.
Activities
The regional component in the educational program on GEF in kindergartens involves the study of customs and traditions, the nature of the native land, the development of tolerance, the social adaptation of the younger generation.
Depending on the characteristics of the region, special sections are included in the program, during the study of which the kids begin to be proud of their region. For example, for preschoolers of the Arkhangelsk region, programs have been developed, the main aspect of which teachers make on the uniqueness of the northern nature.
In the classroom, children learn about the history of the emergence of the Pomor region, the sights of the region, outstanding people of the Arkhangelsk region. Particular attention is paid to introducing kids to the climatic and natural features of the region. In the classroom, preschoolers learn about national parks that function in the Arkhangelsk region, the flora and fauna of the Pomeranian land.
Particular attention is paid to national holidays, traditions, national Pomeranian costumes. To conduct classes on the regional component, employees of local history museums, national parks, libraries are invited to preschool educational institutions . As a result of social partnership, kindergarten teachers are able to fully fulfill the social order - to form a harmoniously developed personality, loving their land, respectful of the customs and traditions of their ancestors.
Elementary education
Currently, there is a regional component in the educational program on GEF. The elementary school continues large-scale work related to the social adaptation of the younger generation of Russians. Each region uses its own educational programs, implying the implementation of the requirements of the second generation GEF.
What does the regional component mean in the GEF educational program? The school has the right to independently determine areas of activity, for example, specialize in studying the history of the native land, give preference to the flora and fauna of the region.
If the educational institution has military-patriotic classes, a course on the history of the cadet movement can be chosen as a regional component.
A special place in introducing students to the culture of their native land is given in the capital. What is the regional component of the GEF educational program dedicated to? Moscow is a role model for the Russian regions, since from the first grade the children have a clear idea of the history and culture of the capital, interesting people who have contributed to the development of the main city of the country.
The experience of Moscow teachers is being successfully transmitted to other regions. For example, in Vologda schools, children study the cultural heritage of Vologda, and Arkhangelsk children study the Pomeranian capital.
Middle link
New state standards require the assignment of a certain number of hours in each academic discipline in grades 5-9. For example, the regional component in the educational program on GEF in the English language involves a story about the historical and cultural values of the city (village, village) in a foreign language.
During the lessons, the guys not only replenish their vocabulary with new foreign words, but also learn interesting information about their hometown. Among the tasks that are offered by the English teacher, there may be descriptions of the cultural or historical places of the city in a foreign language, videos about traditions and rituals. The regional component, supplemented by project or research activities, will allow to form a sense of pride in their own generation in the younger generation of Russians, to get the opportunity for self-realization and self-development.
High school
How to use the regional component in the educational program on GEF? Biology, chemistry, geography, physics - these are objects that are difficult to imagine without a local component.
When selecting material for the regional component in each academic discipline, the teacher, first of all, focuses on the features of the region. For example, when studying mammals in a biology course, special attention is paid to those animals that are common in the area. It is within the framework of the regional component that it will be appropriate to familiarize yourself with the plants and animals of your settlement and environs, which are considered endangered, are included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.
In chemistry classes, special attention is given to those industries that operate in the city, region, and republic. For example, when studying a school course of inorganic chemistry by Vologda schoolchildren, it is possible not only to theoretically consider methods for producing and processing metals, but also organize excursions to the Cherepovets Metallurgical Plant.
In every Russian region, there is an industrial enterprise that will help the chemistry teacher not only form a theoretical basis for the subject in the children, but also get an idea of the possible application of knowledge, that is, contribute to the self-realization of students, their choice of their future profession.
Conclusion
The developers of new generation federal educational standards paid special attention to the development of individual educational and developmental paths for each child of preschool and school age.
The allocation of study time to the regional component in different academic disciplines contributes to the formation of a harmoniously developed personality, patriotic education, as well as a careful attitude to the cultural traditions of your region.
It is not necessary to take individual lessons to the regional component. For example, during a regular chemistry lesson, the teacher will tell you in detail about how the chemical reactions considered during the lesson are used at a particular enterprise in the native land. This approach to the use of the regional component makes it possible to rationally distribute study time in middle and senior level.