In pedagogy, formation is a deliberate impact on the student or student by the teacher to create certain conditions that will further contribute to the emergence of new qualities, knowledge and skills in the student. However, this definition is not the only one. Also, the formation is the very process of becoming an individual (in this case, the student) under the influence of the above factors. However, since this topic relating to pedagogy directly contains a lot of important nuances, it is worth considering it in more detail.
Central issue
First of all, it is important to mention that in pedagogy, formation is one of the most important concepts. Which is the central problem of the whole sphere as a whole. After all, teaching activity is aimed not only at acquainting students with the subject and instilling in them knowledge related to it. Teachers also influence the formation of the personality of each student. And they also help them to realize themselves and overcome the spontaneity that many of them first encounter during the training period.
In the process of personality formation there are many questions and nuances. The teacher is able to help students to realize themselves only if he can understand them. This is the most important theoretical and applied part of pedagogical activity.
The teacher must know about the role of the pedagogical system in education, family and society, about the process of formation of individual personality qualities, about upbringing, development and training, as well as about age and personal characteristics of students. And besides this, he should be familiar with the technique of an individual approach.
The problem of modernity
In pedagogy, formation is the process of becoming an individual. And it is customary to consider it as a problem of education. And in the modern XXI century, it really is acute.
That's because now many people have a tendency to advocate for the free development of personality. Some even seriously consider pedagogical education a violation of the pupil / student's right to be an individual. Therefore, a professional teacher must competently combine traditional methods with modern ones.
Self-determination is important. But! Equally important is the student’s integration into world and national culture, the formation of him as a citizen, as well as instilling in him the realization that without cooperation and understanding in modern society it is impossible to exist. Foreign concepts are interesting, but they cannot be transferred unchanged and, moreover, entirely into our lives. This is what the parents of the 21st century must understand first of all.
Culture
This concept is very multifaceted. And it is reflected in pedagogy. Formation is a complex process. It implies instilling in students aesthetic and ethical tastes, as well as the ability to see the beautiful in what a person once created, or to find it in something else.
Why is it important? Because only the person who has become a part of sociocultural life can become the person whose formation is being discussed. Every good teacher is able to convey this to students. In psychology, which is closely connected with pedagogy, the term “personality” means the totality of preferences and habits developed by a person, his social and cultural experience, knowledge, skills, and ability to think independently.
However, you can put it more simply. A person is an educated and intelligent person. And the goals of pedagogy are to arouse students' interest in everything that will help them become one. And in the subsequent provision of appropriate assistance to them in achieving their plan.
A good teacher promotes the development of the makings, abilities and interests of students, encourages them to be creative. It also helps to educate them in their attitude to work, society, various professions, parents, art, friends, life. But the main goals of pedagogy are to shape behavior and consciousness.
Parenting process
So, above it was clearly told about what constitutes a formation. This is a definition in pedagogy that is quite common. Therefore, it is appropriate to talk about what methods a teacher should use in order to contribute to the personal development of his students.
The path to the consciousness of the pupils lies through illustrative examples. How to develop justice, mutual understanding, respect, culture and dozens of other qualities in them? Just bringing their meaning. Students should have the belief that they need all these qualities. Then they themselves will seek to educate them in themselves.
And for this, the teacher must be able to arouse in them the feelings and feelings associated with a particular issue. Otherwise, they will experience only one emotion - indifference. Which inhibits the development of personality.
Stories on ethical topics help students become conscious. First of all, children like interesting stories. Secondly, they themselves in the process of hearing draw some conclusions and analyze the actions of the characters in the story. As a result, they form an attitude towards the qualities shown in history. The teacher does not impose anything. The personal attitude of students is formed by itself, under the influence of their own impressions and experiences. This is a very effective method. Since he pre-forms the attitude of children to actions that they have not yet committed.
Engagement with the audience
It can not be noted attention, talking about the formation of personality. This is very important in pedagogy - to contact students. Therefore, in the educational process, there is a dispute. It implies an active discussion of a certain topic, which the teacher must prepare in advance and announce in the classroom so that the students have time to think.
The purpose of the dispute is to build beliefs and attitudes, which occurs in the course of the dispute. Which, naturally, is built logically and reasoned. Opposing points of view clash in the dispute, erroneous opinions come to light. The teacher should control the dispute, ask the “right” questions that prompt reflection, and clarify the thoughts expressed by the students.
By the way, this not only affects the formation of the child’s personality. In the process of a dispute, each student learns to correctly express their thoughts, build speech, prove the correctness of their own judgments and convince listeners in it.
Psychological aspect
As mentioned earlier, the concept of personality formation in pedagogy is directly related to psychology. This means that the methods used in this educational process are also relevant.
Many educators often suggest that their students solve Lawrence Kolberg's dilemmas. This man is one of the founders of the theory of morality. He assured that in the world there is nothing absolutely right or wrong. The morality of an act does not depend on its consequences, but on the intentions of a person. And he was right.
Kohlberg dilemmas are hypothetical situations. However, in real life, tens of thousands of identical happen. There is no perfect solution, each has its pros and cons. Here is one of these dilemmas: one woman has a severe, incurable form of cancer. She has six months to live, but she is constantly in extreme pain. A woman asks her doctor to give her an increased dose of morphine, allowing her to "leave." This is illegal, but the doctor understands the patient’s request and is considering fulfilling it.
This dilemma is very useful in terms of forming beliefs. It provokes thoughts, provokes feelings, makes students think, puts them in the place of the participants in the situation. They, in turn, ask themselves a lot of questions that would help them find a solution and understand whether it is right. So children learn to empathize, empathize, reflect and feel responsible.
Collective
This is the main base, with the exception of the family on which children receive their first social experience. It is in the collective that the child begins its formation as an individual. In addition, communication at the school is planned and subsequently directed by highly qualified teachers.
A collective is an association of pupils, characterized by certain signs. The main one is that they have a common socially significant goal - to get an education.
Another principle implies joint work of the team. And a relationship of responsible dependence. Everyone knows that a specific connection is formed between the members of any collective, which reflects both the unity of their activity and their experiences with value judgments.
The last sign of the team is the presence of a common governing body. In this case, naturally, it is a teacher who regulates all psychological and pedagogical processes. It is the teacher who forms a healthy microclimate in the team, promotes friendly relations between students, helps them to be united. And it depends on the teacher whether the children will understand what is mutual understanding and mutual assistance.
Team building
It depends, as mentioned above, on the teacher. The process of development of the school team is not peculiar to spontaneity. He is pedagogically driven. And every good teacher follows certain rules and methods, especially if these are the main stages of team formation.
First of all, he must reasonably combine pedagogical guidance and the students' natural desire for independence and independence.
It is also recommended to periodically change tactics. After all, the team is a dynamically developing system. In addition, we are talking about children. They need novelty, and the teacher should constantly interest them.
In addition, the process of formation in pedagogy implies the mandatory involvement of the family and parents. What is called the coordination of educational influences, which is facilitated by the teacher.
The teacher must also keep under control and, if necessary, adjust the students' performance of their duties. For the systematic high-quality fulfillment of all tasks and participation in the life of the school, it is recommended to fairly reward pupils. This serves as an additional incentive, and also allows you to make sure that the efforts never go unnoticed and unappreciated. At the same time, the teacher must be strict in relation to those students who ignore their duties. The team must reign justice and competence.
Socialization
It is she who happens in a team. Formation is a definition in pedagogy, the meaning of which is given a lot of attention. What can be said about the creation of a student group? This process is extremely important, because it is in this society that children will grow as individuals and learn.
In a good team, the ethical education program is implemented in full. Children form opinions about the norms of interpersonal relations, they learn the forms of expressing requests, greetings and appeals, learn the correct behavior, competent speech. In the future, they develop the ability to interact with other people. They adapt to them, try acquired communicative skills and qualities. And children begin to sympathize and empathize with people, animals, plants, often even try to look for ways to cooperate with their parents.
Ongoing changes
The methods of forming a team in pedagogy are intertwined with the principles that a teacher follows in individual work with students. Be that as it may, a highly qualified specialist ultimately achieves impressive results. Pupils are forming a new level of affective-demanding and cognitive sphere, there are stable forms of activity and behavior, a social orientation and an individual character are developing. In the course of which each of them is transformed. Because the development of personality implies the origin of changes in the psyche, as well as in the spiritual and intellectual sphere of the student.
Positive transformations include improving memory, character, thinking and will. This also includes the acquisition, expansion and subsequent deepening of knowledge, a certain intellectual growth. Naturally, all this is accompanied by a change in consciousness and moral formation.
If expressed in scientific language, the student begins to turn into a subject of social activity and interpersonal relations. And he does not just move from a lower level to a higher level. Quantitative changes dialectically transforms into qualitative transformations of the spiritual and mental characteristics of the pupil.
This is socialization. A young member of society learns to absorb values, norms, attitudes, adopts behavioral patterns, and reproduces acquired life experience. And this process does not stop. Socialization lasts a lifetime. But it starts back in school, and is kept under the control of indifferent professional teachers, on whom it largely depends on what their pupils will become in the future.