What should a woman have hemoglobin in normal concentration? These are blood cells responsible for the transport of oxygen particles throughout the body. At its low values, malfunctions in the operation of the main systems begin. Quantitative values are influenced by many conditions: pregnancy, illness, human race.
Basic concepts
To understand what a woman should have hemoglobin, you should familiarize yourself with the definitions of blood particles. A healthy body should contain them within the established limits. When the quantity is overestimated or understated, the operation of all systems deviates without exception. According to the analysis, you can quickly establish the cause of malaise, weakness, headaches, and clouding of consciousness.
Hemoglobin is a protein particle that binds to oxygen molecules. Delivery of the latter is required for all body cells. And in return, the result of processing is taken - carbon dioxide. The concentration of blood cells depends on the following factors:
- The age of man.
- Paula. It is important to control hemoglobin in pregnant women and during human illness.
- The presence of chronic diseases.
- The territorial affiliation of the person.
What should a woman have hemoglobin in a certain period of her life, is checked by comparing with previous conditions by blood tests. Additionally, hematocrit (red blood cells) is taken into account.
Quantification
What should a woman have hemoglobin, learn from a blood test of a certain volume. Counting is in grams per liter or deciliter. As a result of the studies, the norm was established within which the indicators for a healthy person are:
- In young people (up to 40 years old), the level is in the range of 12.1-15.1 g / dl.
- Older ladies can have indicators in the range from 11.7 to 13.8 g / dl.
- Health critical values are less than 5 g / dl. According to statistics, people with such tests acquire heart failure.
- Professional athletes have about 16 g / dl.
- For smokers with experience, it fluctuates within 15 g / dl.
- At values greater than 20 g / dl, the risk of capillary blockage increases. The reason for this - hemoconcentration - occurs when fluid is lost from the body. The condition is described by a decrease in red blood cells in plasma.
In women, hemoglobin levels constantly fluctuate. At the time of monthly indicators are different from ordinary days.
Pregnancy and blood counts
What hemoglobin should be in a pregnant woman, the doctor decides. In each case, deviations are allowed, which are explained by the innate properties of the body. However, studies have established some average health score of 11–13 g / dl.
The decrease in hemoglobin is due to an increase in blood volume. It becomes 50% larger, and red blood cells grow by only 20%. This condition is observed due to a lack of iron in the body. Before pregnancy, the body consumes from 5 to 15 mg of Fe every day, after conception, from 15 to 18 mg per day is already required.
What do the low test values mean?
Values decrease during pregnancy, but what should be the norm of hemoglobin in women? The age table is shown below. As can be seen from it, overestimated rates in newborns and in old age. Lack of particles occurs during the period of gestation, the risks of complications increase.
Initially, due to a lack of oxygen, hypoxia may appear, anemia becomes the primary source of complications. At this moment, a woman may feel:
- Weakness, dizziness, nausea.
- Fainting conditions form.
- Appetite decreases, frequent migraines torment.
- The face turns pale, peeling skin.
- Heart rhythm disturbance may be observed.
- The body's defenses are weakened.
- Disturbances in the central nervous system are noted.
Reasons for Undervalues
Based on the definition of what should be the norm of hemoglobin in women, they come to the conclusion: there is a lower limit of values, after overcoming which pathologies of the body begin to form. So, factors that increase the likelihood of complications are:
- Progression of chronic diseases.
- Lack of folic acid, vitamins (especially B2, B12, necessary for the production of hemoglobin particles).
- Diseases: hypothyroidism, leukemia, diabetes.
- Complications after a blood transfusion.
- Cases of chemical poisoning.
- Starvation, breakdown after hard work or physical exertion, overheating.
Increased figures in analyzes
The table below shows what level of hemoglobin should be in women, values above this level also indicate a deterioration in health. Such conditions lead to a long stay in an area with a low air content: mountains, underground caves or mines, contaminated industrial facilities. A person should notice the circumstances and describe them to the doctor, if any, occurred before the moment of deterioration. The listed deviations are permissible and are subject to bed rest.
An unpredictable increase in hemoglobin levels indicates dangerous processes in the body:
- Heart disease: an organ defect.
- Diabetes.
- Stagnant processes in the digestive system.
- Foci of inflammation in the lungs or heart.
At values exceeding the mark of 180 g / dl, there is a strong oxygen starvation up to stopping the movement of blood. The limbs turn blue, the ability to think quickly falls, a person becomes distracted. As a result of a lack of hemoglobin, a person acquires thromboembolism, requiring urgent medical attention.
How to fix the situation?
Now, what should be the hemoglobin in a healthy person, it is definitely clear, it is important to maintain it at the described intervals. From complications, restoration of spent iron levels helps. The attending physician will recommend effective drugs for pregnant women or patients. The type of medicine is selected individually in each individual case.
Based on the results of the tests, a decrease or increase in hemoglobin is judged. In the process of intensive therapy, periodic measurements are performed. If necessary, treatment is adjusted. Severe cases are corrected in a hospital setting:
- Carry out the transfusion of the red blood cell component.
- A dropper saves from erythremia - viscous blood due to increased hemoglobin. This condition is dangerous, because the work of the heart is difficult.
- Erythrocytapheresis, bloodletting becomes an urgent measure to reduce viscosity.
Recommendations
Maintaining a healthy and active lifestyle is becoming vital. The ratio of vitamins and minerals is restored by consuming only low-fat foods, excluding flour and fried foods. The diet is supplemented with fruits, boiled beef. They get rid of stress, spend more time in the fresh air.
Pomegranate, boiled eggs, fish and soups from it, nuts, legumes are recommended, the liver or the fibrous part is chosen from meat. It is not necessary to exceed the volumes, the food should be fractional, in small portions, up to 6 times a day. To exclude the formation of erythremia, women are advised to drink folic acid at a dosage of 400 mcg for 3 months before conception before pregnancy.