Among the book styles of speech, a special place is occupied by the official-business style, characteristic of legal, administrative and public activities. For a phenomenon such as a culture of speech, an official-business style is very important, because with its help documents and business papers are drawn up regarding state tasks, court cases and diplomatic communication. It is characterized by isolation, stability of many speech turns, specific vocabulary and special syntactic turns. Documents written in an official business manner are compact and filled with cliches and language stamps. These are international treaties, government decrees and acts, legal laws and court orders, various charters and official correspondence, as well as other types of business papers that are distinguished by their accuracy and language standard.
This is a special culture of speech. The official business style, in addition to stamps and language cliches in abundance, includes professional terminology and archaisms. Ambiguous words when using this style are not used at all. Documents avoid synonyms, and if they are used, their style is also strictly adhered to and vocabulary seems to be bound in a framework beyond which it is forbidden to go beyond.
But official-business style uses abundant nouns in abundance, calling people based on activity, positions are always called masculine. Words with a particle are often used not as antonyms to the same words when they are used without a negative particle. Complex derivative prepositions and infinitives in the designations of actions performed or performed are also popular in business documents. Quite a large place in this style of speech is given to complex words.
The formal business style favors simple sentences complicated by homogeneous members. Passive constructions are often used, that is, impersonal sentences without indicating the person performing the action. The genitive case of nouns forms a chain of syntactic constructions, sentences are often very common and burdened with complex sentences with a subordinate part of the condition.
The official-business style has two varieties: official-documentary and everyday business. The first group is the language of such legislative acts as the Constitution of the Russian Federation and its subjects, the charters and programs of parties, as well as diplomatic documents of international importance, such as a communiqué, memorandum, convention, etc. The second group includes the language used in the process of conducting official correspondence and compiling private business papers. These include a variety of certificates, business letters, powers of attorney, announcements, statements, receipts, autobiographies, etc. It is known how the listed papers are standardized, which greatly facilitates their compilation. The information they contain is brief and the language tools are used in a minimal amount.
It is known that English is a means of international communication. Therefore, the official business style of the English language is used in the diplomatic style, when business papers are subject to translation. Varieties of business speech in this case are determined by the scope of use. Trade agreements and contracts are conducted in the style of commercial correspondence. In the legal field, the language of codes, laws, state and parliamentary decisions is used. The language of militarized business papers stands out separately.
Thus, the official business style of the English language is called upon to fulfill the role of a tool with the help of which an understanding of the essence of the matter by the parties is achieved, which leads to the signing of various agreements.