In our country, for the medical care of citizens there is a developed system of medical institutions. They come in 3 types:
• stationary;
• outpatient;
• sanatorium.
In the first type of sanitary facilities (hospitals, hospitals) they provide emergency medical care, as well as conduct examination and therapy in situations where certain tests and procedures cannot be carried out at home due to lack of equipment or the need for constant monitoring of the patient. This article will examine in detail the problem of this type of institution.
The relevance of the medical and protective regimen of hospitals
By the 80s of the 20th century, many such organizations had been created in the USSR. They were provided with innovative medical devices that met the standards of the time. The interior of hospitals was regularly renovated, the territory was cleaned, and work on the professional ethics of doctors and nurses was carried out. Much attention was also paid to creating a pleasant, tidy and calm environment in hospitals, especially in children's wards.
But recently, the work of medical staff has ceased to suit the citizens of our country and does not meet their requirements. A significant drawback of medical care is the hostile attitude of specialists towards patients. This not only undermines the reputation of hospitals, but also causes psychological injuries to patients, slows their recovery after operations, injuries, and treatment.
In order to establish common sanitary and hygienic standards in all hospitals, as well as to create a favorable climate in these institutions, a system of medical and protective regime was adopted.
Purpose of innovation
The main objective of this system is to organize the maximum calm and safety of patients in a hospital environment, to reduce unpleasant emotions caused by surgical interventions, painful procedures, the inability to be with relatives all the time and many other factors. The order on the medical-protective regime of medical facilities contains a detailed description of the duties of health workers, the necessary rules. The basis of the events in question is the scientific work of I.P. Pavlov. The system implies creating a comfortable and maximally safe environment for patients in the hospital.
Therapeutic and protective regimen in hospitals is a set of preventive and therapeutic measures to restore patients and their speedy recovery.
For effective treatment, staff need to follow the schedule of hospital procedures and activities, sanitary standards, and establish favorable relations with patients.
Creating a safe hospital environment
One of the important components of the medical and protective regime in medical institutions is the formation of such conditions in a medical institution under which effective work of the staff and the highest quality treatment of patients are possible. An environment is considered optimal if it provides the patient and the medical professional with convenience and safety conditions that can effectively satisfy all vital needs.
Each hospital has a well-formed structure.
In any hospital, the provision of emergency medical care, examination and detection of pathologies, their treatment and rehabilitation measures for patients is provided.
In the hospital, there are always rooms for staff (doctors and nurses), as well as facilities for analysis and research, a buffet, sanitary facilities, rooms for linen, etc.
So, as we see, the hospital is a complex mechanism, and a system is needed for its effective functioning. The medical and protective regime of the department provides for the observance of order in the room, ensuring an adequate schedule for the patients' day, good rest; reduction of harmful psychological effects of the external environment of health facilities.
Potential risks of patients in medical institutions and their overcoming
Anyone in a hospital is at risk. Possible risks of the health care facilities include:
1. Danger of infection (infection of patients from other patients or infection due to injections).
2. Danger of intoxication (drugs, disinfectants, stale food).
3. Danger of injuries (from exposure to fire, UV rays).
The medical and protective regime is a set of measures established to minimize and, if possible, eliminate such risks.
A prerequisite for both patients and health workers is compliance with hygiene rules. The nurse needs to maintain the body of the patients in order, in time to provide them with clean clothes, blankets and sheets. It is also important for staff to keep themselves in order (monitor the cleanliness of their uniforms, wash their hands on time), regularly conduct wet cleaning of the hospital premises, quartzing rooms and wards, and activities to control rodents and insect pests.
The main elements of the medical and protective regimen
Compliance with the above rules by hospital workers is of great importance to patients. These standards can generally be reduced to providing relaxation and a relaxed atmosphere, timely nutrition and medical measures and examinations, and tactful treatment of patients with patients.
Elements of the medical and protective regime of medical facilities:
- Compliance with the daily routine, timely procedures;
- maintaining optimal temperature, lighting;
- creating physical and emotional safety for patients;
- staff attentiveness to patients during the round;
- reduction or (if possible) elimination of risk factors associated with staying in a hospital environment.
Physical security
For the speedy recovery of the patient, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions and minimize possible dangers.
If you follow the medical and protective regime in the health care facilities, this can be done in the following ways:
- Monitor the quality of food served to patients, the regularity of their nutrition.
- Carry out walks for patients in a comfortable, specially designated area near the medical facility.
- Maintain contact with relatives (inform about the condition of patients, treatment, talk about the rules of the hospital regime).
For the hospital to work efficiently, all health workers need to strictly observe the prescribed daily routine, carefully and timely care for the patients.
With particular care and attention should be given to children, the elderly, as well as those who are shown bed rest, as this category of patients may experience complications due to lack of motor activity.
Psychological comfort
The concept of a medical-protective regimen and its elements necessarily include this component. A favorable and calm condition of the patient helps to cope with the consequences of the disease, surgery or injury, to prevent complications or relapse.
A positive attitude allows the patient to better adapt to the situation and stay in the hospital.
For this, medical personnel must follow certain principles:
- At the beginning of the disease, arrange, if necessary, the patient bed rest, protect him from the negative environmental influences.
- In the presence of positive dynamics in his condition, it is important to provide the opportunity to spend time with benefit (read, embroider, watch programs, listen to music). It is unacceptable for patients to see the dirty uniforms of the medical staff, blood, etc. It is important to ensure that there are not too many people in the wards, the patients do not make noise, go to bed on time.
At the initial stage of therapy, patients need to talk about the daily routine in the hospital, limitations, explain the purpose and meaning of all this.
Do no harm!
The behavior of the staff, as well as its actions, is important for the effective treatment of patients. The atmosphere of hospitals should be benevolent, it is necessary to talk with patients in a calm, friendly tone, and be tolerant of their fears or awkwardness.
Doctors should agree on a decision on the treatment methods for each patient, as well as inform him and his relatives about the upcoming treatment. Mandatory patient contact with loved ones, this will create a favorable emotional state and psychological support. The interior of the hospital also plays an important role, it needs to be equipped as comfortably as possible. Medical staff should not communicate with each other in high tones, wear shoes with heels or stilettos, make noise in the corridor.
The main principle that any healthcare provider must remember is: “Do no harm!” All actions, as well as the manner in which doctors and nurses communicate with each other, patients and their relatives, should be directed only to benefit, to improve the condition and, ultimately, to recover patients.