The kingdom called Saudi Arabia is an independent Arab-Islamic empire. His beliefs are based on Islam, the laws of which are fully reflected in the Constitution - the Book of Allah Almighty and the Sunnah of His Prophet. The official language is Arabic, the main center is Riyadh.
A little about how the Kingdom appeared and developed.
Saudi Arabia is located in the southwestern part of Asia and is located on its larger territory. It has access to the Inland Sea of ​​the Indian Ocean and is washed by the Persian Gulf. Some people call the territory of the empire “sandy”, since a very large amount of land is occupied by desert dunes.
The independent state itself was founded in the distant eighteenth century by the strongest Saudi clan, headed by Ad-Diriya Muhammad ibn Saud. Teaming up with the famous Islamic preacher of the time, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, who later became the founder of Wahhabism, he created the first Saudi state with its capital in Ad-Diriyah. However, it soon came under serious pressure from the Ottomans. 73 years after its appearance, the Saudi state fell.
After only 7 years, it was revived, and the capital moved to Riyadh. The second Saudi state lasted 67 years and was again destroyed.
The third time, like a phoenix from the ashes, it was reborn in 1902. It was during this period that the superiority of the Saudi clan over Riyadh, which subsequently became the center of the kingdom, was proved. The board of Saudi Arabia was headed by Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud. Currently, every resident of the empire knows that Wahhabism has become the foundation of society and politics, as well as the system of government itself.
The rule is carried out, as stated in the book of the Covenants, in a monarchical order, and uphold the right of succession to the people in whose veins the blood of the Saudi clan flows.
What is Wahhabism and who is Wahhabi?
Wahhabism is considered the root of the doctrine of religion and faith, which has its own political stream and mobilizes the people of Saudi Arabia to return the first religious beliefs. Thus, according to the Wahhabis, Muslims should worship one god, refuse praise of saints and prophets, and also observe a law that does not allow the use of inventions of other states.
Representatives of the first religious beliefs are called Wahhabis, who believe that the modern religious movement is wrong, as it allows all representatives of Muslims to be considered representatives of one clan. Jihad occupies an important place in Wahhabism - a holy war against all who are “unclean in faith” and are not Wahhabis, even against Muslims.
Saudi Arabia Legislative Evidence
The Constitution of Saudi Arabia as a separate governing document does not exist. If you follow the Basic Nizam of the spiritual ruler, who himself is a system of Muslim rights, the main document describing the laws of man is the Koran and the Sunnah. Each representative of the state in its own way understands the meaning of the rights described in the book.
The ruling dynasty has long known that no book, no matter how sacred it is and whenever it is written, can fully implement the constitutional foundations of power. In this regard, the monarch initiated the writing of the Basic Nizam, which is constantly updated, bringing certain innovations to the country's governance system.
It should be noted that this state maintains the status of a believing legal family, as evidenced by acts of constitutional law. The government promotes the strength of the created cell of society, which will adhere to the values ​​of the Arab and Islamic families.
The Importance of Saudi Arabia
The important point is that only a Muslim can become a citizen of the state. Those who are already they are adamantly loyal to the ruler and his laws. The constitution of Saudi Arabia provides for a complete separation of citizens by gender, which confirms the Quran. Representatives of the weaker sex do not have equal rights with men and obey them. The main lower classes contain information on the rights of the state, its inhabitants and the obligations of both parties.
Personal rights of citizens:
- The inviolability of the human person, his place of residence and the secrets of communication.
- Citizens have the right to care from the state.
Political rights of citizens:
- Every citizen is obliged to strengthen the unity of the nation.
- Show solidarity and understanding to other members of society.
- Obliged to observe the law and respect the government.
- They should not conduct meetings and demonstrations in society.
Socio-economic rights of citizens:
- Each state representative has the right to state support in case of illness, in various emergency situations, upon reaching retirement age.
- Have the right to a job.
- To receive support from the state in the field of science, medicine or art.
The Constitution of Saudi Arabia defines the following state rights:
- Protect religion.
- Apply Sharia law.
- Provide support to sacred temples and monasteries.
- Create optimal conditions for Muslims living in other countries to visit Mecca.
- To support the nation, which seeks solidarity and unity (one of the main ideas for Saudi Arabia).
What rights and obligations are assigned to the monarch?
The Basic Nizam says that the form of government of Saudi Arabia is carried out by systems of judicial, executive and legislative power, headed by a monarch who controls their activities.
Government is carried out directly by the sons of the first ruler, Abdul Aziz al Saud, and the sons of his sons. The monarch, when choosing the successor to the throne, issues a decree appointing the crown prince, whose candidacy is considered by a specially created “committee of princes”. The approved prince has a certain burden of rights and obligations in relation to the state and its citizens.
The constitution of Saudi Arabia states that after the death of the king, the bahy procedure takes place, which means the election of the prince to the throne by the royal family. If the procedure was unanimous, the prince becomes king.
The ruler has the right to issue new nizams and decrees, coordinating them with representatives of state power. He also has the right:
- Pursue national policies based on Islamic standards.
- To control the work of state power in accordance with the norms of laws.
- Appoint their deputies in the Council and relieve them of a number of responsibilities.
- Command the army of the kingdom.
- Appoint ambassadors to other states.
- Transfer part of the authority to your assignee.
The work of the judiciary
All activities of this system are carried out on the basis of the holy Quran and Sunnah. Court hearings are also held using these holy books and Islamic sharia. The Supreme Council leads this system. The appointment and removal from office of a judge takes place only by decree of the spiritual ruler and the High Council.
Executive Activities
At the head of this power is the monarch himself with his Council of Ministers. All deputies and direct representatives of the Council may be appointed or removed from office by decree of the king. Each member of the council is responsible to the ruler for the ministries and departments entrusted to him.
Legislative work
This type of management of the empire involves the direct activities of the ruler in conjunction with the Advisory Board, called the Majlis al-Shura. The characterization of the constitution of Saudi Arabia gives the monarch the right to independently dissolve and reorganize the Consultative Council and hold joint meetings of the Councils of Ministers and Consultants.
In conclusion, I want to say that Saudi Arabia is one of the unique and independent states that exist on the planet. In this empire, the monarch assumes responsibility for educating children of Islamic families. The state fully pays the cost of obtaining knowledge. The state treasury is formed through the sale of petroleum products to other countries. Also, many pensioners do not pay taxes and duties, on the contrary, the government provides them with all kinds of support so that they calmly live the allotted years.