Modern life dictates dynamic development, and the heyday of industry invariably entails losses in the natural balance of man and nature. Increasingly, situations arise when a married couple can not conceive a baby only by joint efforts. Sometimes the sentence makes the diagnosis of one of the spouses, but even the absolute health of the partners does not guarantee that the union will be rewarded with a long-awaited child.
In what cases is IVF indicated
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is prescribed no earlier than the conducted tests confirm the impossibility of conception. Attempts to treat infertility are often delayed for many years, but the unproductive duration of the process can only reduce the likelihood of a favorable outcome. Seeing the ineffectiveness of the measures taken, the couple has the right to insist on an IVF procedure two years after the start of treatment.
How is embryo developing?
After fertilization, the egg is placed in a comfortable fluid medium, similar in characteristics to the natural mother. The transformation of an ordinary egg into a zygote, that is, a unicellular embryo, does not yet complete the process. Before embryo replanting with IVF, repeated cell division must occur under the constant supervision of the embryologist, who marks every new stage in the development of the organism.
Starting from the second day from the fertilization of the cell, the doctor can already give a report on the compliance of the embryo with normal parameters. Sometimes, if it is weak but viable, it is allowed to grow in an artificial environment until a blastocyst forms (this happens on the 6th day), and then it is introduced into the uterine cavity. Such reinsurance is justified by reducing the risk for the mother, as it eliminates the formation of several fruits in the womb, and therefore minimizes the burden on the body.
In normal cell division, the permissible exposure time of embryos is three days. After this, part of them, but not more than two, is transferred to the patient’s body, and the strongest of the remaining ones are frozen in liquid nitrogen. But how does embryo replanting occur during IVF?
Preparing a woman for embryo replanting
The very decision to become a mother in a difficult way of replanting an embryo with IVF is a sufficient reason for a woman to reconsider nutritional standards and daily routine. It is from a healthy immunity and a strong nervous system of the future mother that the procedure will turn out to be successful.
A few weeks before the date of egg extraction, a woman is shown a protein diet with a minimum amount of fat and a complete exclusion from the menu of sweet flour, as well as containing soy protein and genetically modified food items. It is recommended to drink pure water more, natural fresh without artificial additives. Of fruits, it is better to give preference to fresh pineapples (if there is no allergy).
Immediately on the day the embryo is inserted into the uterus with IVF, it is advisable to stimulate blood circulation in the pelvic organs, for which doctors advise spouses to have sexual contact and only then, after the woman has completed hygiene procedures, to be implanted.
Two hours before the scheduled transplantation time, a woman needs to take a Piroxicam tablet. Going to IVF, it’s better to calm down, remember that the technology of embryo replanting with IVF is painless and not traumatic.
Embryo replanting procedure
A woman does not see how the preparation of the embryo for transfer takes place, so she may not know that before implantation the embryo membrane is intentionally damaged to facilitate the exit of the egg. The procedure is called "hatching" and it is mandatory.
So, how is embryo replanting during IVF? After talking with the doctor, the woman takes a comfortable position on the gynecological chair. At the same time, it is better for her to relax and close her eyes, and not to worry, watching how embryo replanting is done. With IVF, the patient’s willingness to remain calm is of great importance. The catheter, which the doctor inserts into the cervix, guided by ultrasound, does not cause serious discomfort if the pelvic muscles are relaxed and motionless.
Judging by the numerous female reviews, embryo replanting during IVF takes place, as was indicated in the preliminary conversations: painlessly and in an environment of caring attitude of the staff. After the catheter is removed, the patient is asked to lie on the couch on her back and in this position spend a little less than an hour. During this time, the embryologist will examine the viable embryos remaining in the catheter tube and, if the patient agrees, will send them to cryogenic freezing.
What is cryopreservation?
Having received the prior consent of the couple, from the number of fertilized cells, only strong and hardy specimens are selected, those that can survive under stressful conditions of subsequent defrosting. The more embryos undergo cryopreservation, the more chances a woman will have to resume the IVF procedure in the next attempts, which may occur years later.
Germ cells freeze at extremely low mercury levels, strictly -196 0 . Since the liquid nitrogen treatment and subsequent embryo rehabilitation is a kind of hardening under conditions of an irreconcilable struggle for life, it is often re-implantation of embryos during IVF using thawed cells that is more successful for woman.
Adaptation after replanting
Starting from the moment when a woman leaves the doctor’s office, peace becomes the most important for her in the next three days. The regimen after replanting IVF embryos for 72 hours provides for the patient's practical immobility. Even with occasional getting into the toilet room, physical support of the husband is desirable in order to minimize the flow of blood to the pelvis. Water treatments on the first day are contraindicated!
The diet is pre-negotiated with the doctor, but if the woman is healthy and has no special requirements, then after replanting the embryo with IVF, you can eat everything that was before, but with emphasis on natural products, and, of course, without the inclusion of coffee, oily or large amounts flour food.
Three days later, the bedtime regimen begins the stage of moderate activity. Without sudden movements, a woman can carefully perform elementary homework, walk on the street, avoiding any worries. At this stage, it is important to drink plenty of clean still water.
Control
In the first days after embryo transfer, a woman often faces the problem of fever, but if you recall the essence of the intervention in the body, the reaction of the immune system will become clear. The thermometer should not be lowered if the mercury column does not rise above 37.6 0 . It is necessary to give the body to independently "learn" new information and come to terms with the fact. In the next visit to the doctor, such a phenomenon is recorded and analyzed.
It is necessary to carefully consider the prescribed injections. There will be three drugs (with standard prescription): two injections of Utrozhestan on the night after the procedure, one injection of Progesterone in the morning and only five injections (according to the prescribed schedule) of Fragmin, which is responsible for normal blood circulation in the pelvic organs. “Fragmin” may be excluded from this list if, according to the results of the coagulogram, the coagulation of the patient’s blood does not deviate from the norm.
The behavior of the body as a consequence of the IVF procedure
The panic of women when they encounter phenomena after a puncture that they do not understand, is due to low information content. Below is a list of such phenomena, as well as options for the correct reaction to them:
- Drawing, obsessive pain in the lower abdomen after the procedure, as during menstruation, is the absolute norm. You should not take anything extra.
- Vaginal discharge in the form of a pinkish liquid on the 6-12th day after embryo transfer is an expected and desired phenomenon, saying that the implant has fixed on the uterine wall. Normally, if bleeding of this kind lasts no more than 4 hours. The doctor should be informed about the situation and conduct an examination in order to correctly assess the patient's condition.
- Heavy bleeding or thick discharge indicates an unsuccessful infusion and the need for urgent hospitalization. In rare cases, urgently taken measures save the pregnancy.
Exactly two weeks after the puncture, a test for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is performed. The results are issued on the same day, and a woman can congratulate herself if the concentration of this important hormone is increased. Sometimes the hCG test requires a repeat after 72 hours; such control is due to the presence of a mild concentration.
Seven days after the donation of blood to the hormone (with a positive answer), an ultrasound scan is performed, which indicates the onset of pregnancy. After another 14 days, a second one is appointed to assess the development of the entrenched fetus.
In the case of negative hCG, the administration of drugs to maintain the IVF result is terminated.
Critical days, which should go on the 5-7th day, serve as a definite indicator of a failed attempt at replanting.
What may affect the outcome of replanting
A frequent factor complicating the attachment of the embryo to the uterine wall is fibroids. Replanting 1 IVF embryo in this situation is carried out in such a way that the zygote does not appear near the tumor, which tends to grow. Other important conditions for the favorable survival of the embryo in the mother's body are called the right time (usually on the 20th day of the cycle) and the optimal maturity of the fertilized cell. If the doctors set different dates, you should take it calmly, since the body does not always work with accuracy of hours, and nuances that take into account the individuality of a woman can determine a good outcome.
But even in the case of a negative test, one should not assume that the joy of motherhood is not for you - the real percentage of successes after the first attempt rarely exceeds 45%. You may need to change the diet a bit or abandon bad habits if this has not been done before, and be sure to try again using germ cells after cryopreservation.