God created man in his own image. But the most important thing that he gave to his creation is the ability to think, reflect and make a choice. Sometimes we face very complex tasks that it seems rather difficult to solve on our own. In this case, heroes of literary works come to the rescue, who offer their weighty arguments. The problem of choice is the main theme of the exam papers, so the young generation needs to prepare properly for the crucial stage in their life.
Choice Issues in Human Life
Think about how often in a day you have to solve questions for which there are two or even more answers? First you think about what to eat for breakfast, then how to get dressed in school and what way to go there. After school, you usually wonder whether to do homework now, or after a party? And go for a walk today with Masha or Kolya? All of these questions are just minor daily problems that you are sure to handle easily.
But in life there is a more serious choice. Sooner or later, but you will have to think about where to go to study, where to work, how to determine your life path. You need to think about it now, on the threshold of adulthood. For this very reason, teachers are asked in the school to read works, analyze them and draw conclusions. To make it easier for you in the future, based on the experience of others. We suggest you consider what the problem of life choice is encountered in the literature. Arguments are given as examples.
Social issues
What kind of difficulties can a young man have with society? Teenagers, as you know, people are very emotional and unstable emotionally. During puberty, they have completely unusual thoughts, and sometimes it seems to them that the whole world is against them. But survival in society is the key to a happy adult life. And you need to learn this as soon as possible. The table on the left presents the problem of choice, arguments from the literature on the right.
No. p / p | Name of problem | Argument |
1. | Social inequality. Some people are too rich - others are poor. | Dostoevsky F. M. "Crime and Punishment." Despite the fact that the novel raises a lot of different problems, the main one is the border of poverty, beyond which the main characters are forced to exist. |
2. | Closure, orientation only to one’s own world, without looking at others. | There is a problem of choice in the works: Saltykov-Shchedrin “The Wise Gudgeon” and Chekhov “The Man in the Case”. |
3. | Loneliness and its severity. | A good example is Sholokhov's “Fate of a Man”. The problem of life choice and loneliness is immediately presented to two heroes - Andrei Sokolov and the boy Vani. Both during the war lost everything that was dear to them. |
School Relationships
Such difficulties are also encountered quite often. Moreover, it is very difficult for a teenager to understand them, and even more so to decide. Parents, as a rule, cannot or do not want to interfere with the relationship between teachers and students. Consider what literature can say about this.
No. p / p | Name of problem | Argument |
1. | Unwillingness to learn and gain knowledge | This is also an essential problem of choice in human life. Arguments about the reluctance to gain knowledge are in the comedy of F. I. Fonvizin “Undergrowth”. The main character, being a bummer and slobber, did not achieve anything in life, and was not adapted for independent existence. |
2. | Unwillingness to read and be educated | Gorky offers excellent arguments in his autobiographical trilogy, “Childhood,” “In People,” “My Universities.” |
3. | The role of the Russian language in the life of any person | Nabokov in his novel “Gift” extols the Russian language as a gift of fate and teaches how to appreciate what is given above. It is also useful to read Turgenev's poems in which he admires the power and grandeur of the Russian language. |
4. | The clash of different views on life | Teacher and student, like father and child. One has a colossal experience and an adult outlook on the world. The other has his own opinion, which often contradicts the adult. This is also a kind of problem of choice. Arguments from literature can be found in Turgenev's work “Fathers and Sons”. |
Family problems
Where without them? Family problems always arise at any age. We can hurt the closest person, and not even think about his feelings. Forgive me anyway. And sometimes we make our own parents the hardest. It is very difficult to guard against mistakes. But you can read what the problem of choice is. Arguments from the literature will help with this.
No. p / p | Name of problem | Argument |
1. | The complexity of the relationship between parents and children. | Parents often do not understand the point of view of their offspring. The choice of children seems terrible to them, contrary to the norms and rules of life. But children are sometimes wrong. Read the story of Gogol "Taras Bulba." This is a very serious work, which makes you think about the problem of choice in a person’s life. The arguments are impressive. |
2. | The role of childhood | Do you think everything is simple with children? No matter how. We live in a relatively calm and stable time and can give children the joy of growing up. But not many had it. About how quickly you can grow up during the war years, Pristavkin writes in the novel "A Cloud of Gold Sleeped." Tolstoy still has a problem of life choice. Look for arguments in the trilogy "Childhood", "Adolescence", "Youth". |
| 3. | Family relationships. Orphanhood. | Family values need to be kept. The proof of this is the novel-epic of Leo Tolstoy's “War and Peace”. Do not be lazy, read everything, and you will understand how important it is to preserve what has developed and stood for centuries. |
The problem of choosing a life path. Arguments from literature
Even an adult sometimes thinks that his life has failed. Work is not to your liking, a profession does not bring the desired profit, there is no love, nothing around bodes happiness. Now, if I then, ten years ago, went to study there, or married that, my life would have turned out very differently, perhaps happier. A man creates his own destiny and everything depends on this choice. The biggest difficulty is the problem of choosing a life path. Arguments from the literature will help to understand this extremely complex issue.
Probably the best example for the younger generation is Goncharov’s novel Oblomov. The theme of the whole work is the choice of one's place in life. On the fate of several people, the author tells what can happen if one is weak-willed, or vice versa, solid and persistent. Ilya Oblomov, as the main character, bears negative traits - inability to work, laziness and stubbornness. As a result, he turns into a kind of shadow, without purpose and happiness.
Another example of how inheritance, and not one's own choice, affects a person’s life, is “Eugene Onegin” by A. S. Pushkin. It would seem, what else does a young nobleman need? Carefree life, balls, love. No need to think how to work, where to get money for food. But Onegin does not like such a life. He protests against the established secular life, against the moral standards of his time, for which many consider him an eccentric. Onegin's main task is to find new values, the meaning of his life.
How to be with the profession
Another unsolvable task of the young generation is the problem of choosing a profession. Parents can give arguments completely different, offering their child the best, in their opinion, occupation in life. Now this situation is not uncommon. Moms and dads are forced to go to study where their child does not want to go. They argue their position in different ways: being a profitable doctor, a prestigious financier, a programmer is in demand, and a poor teenager just wants to become a train driver.
So it happened with the main character of the work of Mikhail Weller "I want to be a janitor." The main character had a problem choosing a profession. Arguments in favor of who needs to become, he was given by his parents. They advised to look at others who successfully defended their candidates, perform at concerts after the conservatory. But the hero did not want to change his freedom to sit out his pants in classrooms and study books. He was attracted by a childhood dream to become a janitor, to which he sought.
An example of the fact that it’s not enough to choose a good profession to your liking, but you need to develop your skills, leads A.P. Chekhov in the story “Ionych”. Especially if you are a doctor. So it was with the main character Ionitch. He worked conscientiously, helping people, until he became obsolete. He did not follow the latest in pharmacology, was not interested in new methods of treatment. He risked losing his well-being. The moral of the work: the right choice of profession is only half the success, you need to improve your skill and talent.
The problem of moral choice. Arguments
All our actions are affected by the world around us. Before taking this or that step, we will definitely think about whether it contradicts the norms of social relations, conscience, morality, etc. This is all a problem of moral choice. The arguments are simple. One sage said that there is never a right solution. Because for you it will be true, but for someone it will be false. Let's see what literature teaches us.
No. p / p | Name of problem | Argument |
1. | Humanity, mercy | The best examples are given by M. Sholokhov. He has several stories from which to draw theses about mercy and humanity. This is the "Science of Hate," "The Fate of Man." |
2. | Cruelty | Sometimes circumstances force a person to commit cruel and terrible acts. It’s hard to find such arguments. The problem of choice arose among the heroes of the novel-epic M. Sholokhov "Quiet Don". The action takes place during the years of the revolution, and the main characters have to sacrifice something in the name of the revolution. |
| 3. | About dream and reality | Here you can not do without the romantic story of A. Green's "Scarlet Sails." But what would happen if Gray had not appeared in Assol's life? In reality, this does not happen. Of course, dreams sometimes come true, but you yourself need to make a lot of efforts for this. |
| 4. | The fight of good and evil | Two elements are always fighting in us - good and evil. Think about your actions, and you will find arguments. The problem of choice also appeared before the heroes of Bulgakov’s novel “The Master and Margarita”. This is an excellent work in which the branches of good and bad deeds are very intertwined. |
| 5. | Self-sacrifice | And again, "Master and Margarita." A woman left her home, welfare and family for the sake of her beloved. She became weightless, a shadow, sold the soul to the devil for the sake of her Master. The work makes you think. And one more story that I would like to recall in this context. This is the "Old Woman Isergil" of Gorky. The brave hero Danko tore his heart out of his chest for the sake of saving people, thanks to which the path was illuminated, and everyone was saved. |
Personal problems
The most painful topic for teens is love. At the same time, it is most interesting to write about her. And how many examples can be given! Love and romance are another issue of choice. Composition is forced to write, relying on their own thoughts, which are sometimes confused and mixed. Consider what arguments can be given in this context.
Just want to recall the tragic love of Romeo and Juliet in a play by Shakespeare. Misunderstanding on the part of relatives and enmity of clans lead to tragic consequences, although the young people were sincerely in love and felt only the most tender and virgin feelings for each other.
A wonderful example of true romantic relationships in Kuprin’s short story “Pomegranate Bracelet”. After reading this work, I want to believe that love is the best feeling that a person has ever had. “Pomegranate bracelet” is an ode to young people, a hymn of happiness and a prose of innocence.
Love is sometimes destructive. There are arguments for this in the literature. The problem of choice appeared before Anna Karenina in the novel of the same name by L.N. Tolstoy. The feelings that arose for the young officer Volkonsky became destructive for her. For the sake of new happiness, the woman abandoned her devoted husband and beloved son. She sacrificed her status, reputation, position in society. And what did you get for it? Love and happiness or longing and disappointment?
Problems of ecology, relationships with nature
There is a different problem of choice in life. The arguments were very different. It's time to talk about the environment in which we live. Recently, mankind has seriously thought that a person, in fact, relates to his home, Mother Earth, very neglectfully. And all actions aimed at maintaining the health of the planet do not bring significant results. The ozone layer is being destroyed, air is being polluted, there is practically no clean fresh water left in the world ...
Do you protect nature? Do you allow yourself to leave trash after relaxing in the forest? Do you burn plastic and extinguish the flame before leaving? The authors wrote a lot about relationships with nature. Consider what may be useful for the exam.
Let's start with the anti-utopian novel E. Zamyatin “We”. We are talking about the inhabitants of a certain United State, which became the numbers, and their entire existence is possible only within the framework of the Clock Tablet. They have no trees and rivers, because the whole world is built of human buildings and fixtures. They are surrounded by perfectly even proportions of glass houses. And relationships and love are allowed if there is a pink card. Such a world was depicted by Zamyatin specifically to show that a person would turn into a programmed robot without nature, real feelings and beauty of the world around him.
The struggle between nature and man takes place in the work of E. Hemingway, "The Old Man and the Sea." The real problem of human choice is shown here. The arguments are impeccable. If you want to live, hold on. This applies to both a weak old man and a strong shark caught on a hook. The struggle for life is on its way to death. Who will win and who will surrender? A short story makes you think deeply about the meaning and value of life.
The problem of patriotism
Beautiful arguments about the love of the motherland can be found in many works about the war. It is during this difficult time that sincerity of feelings truly manifests itself.
An example of the ideology of false and true patriotism can be considered the epic novel of Leo Tolstoy's “War and Peace”. There are many scenes in the books dedicated to this. It is worth recalling Natasha Rostov, who persuaded her mother to donate carts for the wounded near Borodino. At the same time, Prince Andrei Bolkonsky himself was mortally wounded in a decisive battle.
But the greatest love for the motherland is among ordinary soldiers. They do not make loud speeches, do not glorify the king, but are simply ready to die for their land, for their country. The author directly says that Napoleon was defeated in that war only due to the cohesion of the entire Russian people. The French commander in other countries faced exclusively with the army, and in Russia he was opposed by ordinary people of different classes and ranks. Near Borodino, Napoleon’s army suffered a moral defeat, and the Russian army won thanks to the mighty fortitude and patriotism.
Conclusion
How to pass the exam perfectly is the main problem of choice. Arguments (Unified State Examination), we tried to give those that are most often found in the themes of essays. It remains only to choose the necessary.