Why is science a locomotive of scientific and technological progress? In the course of its historical development, man gradually learned to use the forces of nature and managed to change the earth beyond recognition. It is people who are the creators of countless inventions, stunning works of art, literature and science.
Industrial revolution and scientific and technological progress
First, a man tamed fire and gradually learned to use its energy. Only after centuries, people learned how to use the energy of wind, water currents and the sun. To obtain electricity, a person discovered and began to use various types of energy resources: coal, oil, gas, shale, hydropower and nuclear energy. Not so long ago, man invented and commissioned a steam engine, which was a real breakthrough in the field of production.
Answering the question of why science is the engine of scientific and technological progress, it is important to note that the invention of electricity was the impetus for the industrial revolution. The commissioning of mechanical, steam and electric machines helped to save a person from difficult and complex work. The mechanization of numerous systems has allowed the use of scientific inventions on an industrial scale. However, the journey was long and difficult.
From general mechanization to full automation
In the second half of the 20th century, the time came for a completely different existence - the era of the scientific and technological revolution. And this happened precisely thanks to general mechanization and full automation. Research and discoveries in the field of nuclear fission and fusion reactions promise mankind a virtually inexhaustible source of energy.
Why is science a locomotive of scientific and technological progress? Currently, it has become a powerful productive force in society. Universal automation is one of the most important levers of scientific and technological progress, since it takes on almost all the mechanical work, and electronic computers remove most of the mental stress from a person, leaving more time for creative activity. It makes the differences between physical and mental labor less noticeable. That is why science is the locomotive of scientific and technological progress.
The relationship of science and education
A significant role in the progressive development of man belongs to science, as well as to human labor, its ability to learn, understand and explain various phenomena of the material world. In the modern world there are a huge number of scientific disciplines. One of which is biochemistry - the science of chemicals and vital processes in living organisms. The subject of study are biomolecules, which are an integral part of a living organism. Structural biology studies the architecture and form of biological macromolecules - proteins and nucleic acids.
Cancer biology - the study of disorders and uncontrolled growth of individual cells, tissues or organs in the body. Cellular plant biology studies plant life, affecting every aspect of the environment and interactions, both in the natural environment and in an adapted state. Cytology deals with the study of cells, their physiological properties, structure, organelles that they contain, as well as interaction with the environment, life cycle, division and death. Molecular diagnostics is a study that seeks to use an increased and improved understanding of the molecular basis of the disease by creating new images (probes) for specific molecular targets.
Scientific disciplines
- Chemistry. Analytical chemistry - the study of the chemical composition of natural and artificial materials, and the development of tools to elucidate such compositions. Ecological chemistry is the science of chemical and biochemical phenomena occurring in air, soil and aquatic environments, as well as the impact of human activity. Inorganic chemistry studies the properties and behavior of inorganic compounds, organic chemistry - organic. Pharmaceutical chemistry - the study of the design, synthesis and development of pharmaceuticals. Physical chemistry studies the application of physics for macroscopic, microscopic, atomic, subatomic and mechanical phenomena in chemical systems.
- Development biology and genetics. Development Biology - the study of the processes by which organisms grow and develop. Evolution and developmental biology investigate the relationship between evolution and development of an organism or group of organisms, covering genetic, molecular, paleontological features, as well as theoretical and environmental analysis. Genetics - the study of the inheritance of genes and the characters that they cause, as well as the behavior of chromosomes in cell division and reproduction.
- Engineering, physics and mathematics. Bioengineering - the study of the principles of engineering in the field of biology and medicine. Biophysics - this science deals with the forces that act on living cells of the body, the relationship between the biological behavior of living structures, the physical effects that they undergo, as well as the physics of life processes and phenomena. Biostatistics - the study of the development and application of statistical methods and techniques in solving problems. Nanotechnology is the study of applied science and technology, whose unifying theme is the control of matter at the atomic and molecular levels.
- Immunology - the study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms.
- Microbiology, bacteriology are studied by prokaryotes, including bacteria. Environmental microbiology studies the functions and diversity of microbes in their natural environments. Physiology of microorganisms - the study of the biology and function of microorganisms. Mycology is the science of fungi, their genetic and biochemical properties. Parasitology - the study of parasitic protozoa and helminths. Virology - the study of biological viruses and virus-like agents.
- Molecular and computational biology. Genomics - the study of mapping and analysis of the genetic composition of organisms, aimed at understanding the complete genome. Proteomics - the study of the protein composition of cells. Bioinformatics is a science that studies, develops, or uses computing tools and approaches to expand the use of biological, medical, behavioral, or medical data. Informatics is a science that deals with the use of computers and statistical methods for the collection, classification, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information. This group also includes computational biology, mathematical modeling and computer science.
- Neurology. Neurobiology - the study of cells of the nervous system and the organization of cells into functional schemes. Neurology - the study of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord and neurons, in order to deepen understanding of human thoughts, emotions and behavior.
- Physiology. Anatomy is the science of the shape and structure of organisms and their parts. Endocrinology - the study of the glands and hormones of the body and related disorders. Pharmacology - drug research. Physiology is the science of the functions of living organisms and their parts. Toxicology deals with the study of the nature of poisons and the treatment of poisoning. Systems biology - the study of biological systems.
- Social and behavioral sciences and public health. Psychology - the study of the psyche and behavior. Sociology is the science of social life, social change, the causes and consequences of human behavior. Anthropology is the study of man. Public health and epidemiology studies individuals, communities, activities and programs that work to promote health, both local and global.