Rostov Region is the southern region of the Russian Federation. Together with the republics of Kalmykia and Adygea, the Krasnodar Territory, the Volgograd and Astrakhan Oblast, they form the Southern Autonomous Okrug. Its dimensions are quite impressive. If we compare the area with European countries, it is necessary to combine the three countries (Netherlands, Denmark and Belgium) in order to get the same numbers. It is useful for those who want to use the map to know the coordinates of the Rostov Region: between 50º14´ and 45º51´ north latitude and 38º14´ and 44º20´ east longitude.
Short description
The administrative center of the region is the largest city in the Rostov-on-Don region. The area is just over 100 thousand square meters. km It borders with the Volgograd, Voronezh regions, Kalmykia, Stavropol and Krasnodar Territory. The western borders of the region pass with Ukraine (Donetsk and Lugansk regions).
The history of the region as an independent administrative object begins in 1937. According to the decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, the existing Azov-Black Sea Territory was divided into two regions: Rostov Region and Krasnodar Territory. Subsequently, this territory was divided into 6 districts, which were previously called districts.
Geographical location of the Rostov region
The Rostov region is located on the East European Plain in its southern part. A little captures the area of the North Caucasus region. This area is located in the Lower Don river basin. The maximum elevation of the relief varies at around 250 m above sea level. Basically, the whole area is represented by plains, only from the north the Central Russian Upland is slightly captured, and in the west - the eastern territory of the Donetsk Ridge. And also in the southeast of the region you can see the elevations of the Salsko-Manych ridge.
Administrative staff
Currently, the Rostov region consists of 463 units of municipalities of various types. 12 city districts were allocated (the largest - Rostov-on-Don, Taganrog, Novocherkassk, Shakhty). In addition to them, the region is divided into 43 municipal districts, which include 18 cities and 390 rural settlements.
Population
The geographical location of the Rostov region creates excellent conditions for life, which is why this region is densely populated. According to the 2015 census, about 4.2 million people live in the region. By density per 1 square. km accounts for 42 people. Most of the population (68%) lives in cities. By ethnic composition, the vast majority of the region’s inhabitants (more than 90%) are Russians. Also living here are Ukrainians, Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Tatars, Turks and representatives of other nationalities in smaller numbers.
Region Characteristic
The physical and geographical position of the Rostov region, as well as climatic features, are quite prosperous both for people's lives and for the economic development of the region. This area is located in the south of the country, its southeastern part is washed by the waters of the Sea of Azov. The relief of the region is flat, the predominant natural zone is the steppe. There are practically no forests here, as well as large lakes and rivers. However, an important water stream passes through the territory, which is of crucial importance for the region’s water supply. This is the Don River, which flows into the Taganrog Bay. It is navigable in its course. The largest hydroelectric power stations of the region and reservoirs are located on the Don. The most basic of them are Veselovskoe, Proletarskoe, Tsimlyanskoe.
Climate
The climate of the region is temperate, steppe, the lack of large water resources makes it dry. Steppes pass winds, walking throughout the area. The average temperatures in July are +23 ° , January - -7 ° . Precipitation falls a little - an average of 400-500 mm / year. The Central Russian Upland somewhat affects weather conditions, but slightly. Lower temperatures and the arrival of cold weather in winter are the influence of Arctic cyclones, but in summer these air masses bring drought and intense heat.
Economy
Rostov Region is a large agricultural and coal-mining region of the country. Also, the food and processing industries, metalworking and automotive industry are developed in the region. The geographic features of the region are such that the main "wealth" of the region is chernozem soils, which occupy more than 65% of the entire territory. The main crop grown is winter wheat. Large areas are also reserved for crops of corn, barley, rice, soy, sunflower and sugar beets. Vegetable growing, gardening and viticulture are actively developing. In addition to the agricultural sector, such industries as dairy and beef cattle breeding, poultry farming, horse breeding and sheep breeding are also widespread in the region.
Minerals
Unfortunately, the geographical location of the Rostov region does not provide large mineral reserves. Large deposits that are in this territory belong to the group of fuel and energy resources. They are represented by deposits of coal, in particular, anthracite. They are located in the coal region of East Donbass, which is located in the cities of Shakhty, Zverovo, Gukovo and Novoshakhtinsk. In addition, deposits of iron ore, natural gas, sodium chloride and flux limestone have been explored in the region.