One of the most dangerous diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is the disabled gall bladder. What to do if this organ has dysfunction? For what reasons does this pathology even begin to develop? What symptoms indicate its presence? This and many other issues related to this topic will be discussed in this publication.
Causes
The diagnosis of a disabled gallbladder is made with its complete dysfunction. This pathology is a consequence of a disease of the organ or bile duct. But most often, dysfunction occurs for two reasons:
- Cholelithiasis. If the patient for a long time ignores its symptoms and manifestations, then the pathology goes into a neglected form. In other words, calculus is completely filled with calculus. There is no room for bile.
- Obstruction of the ducts. The organ is connected to them by a hollow thin vessel. It is through him that bile is excreted. It may be blocked. A stone or scar is enough for this.
In more rare cases, one of the following becomes the cause of the dysfunction:
- Sclerosis. This is a consequence of gallstone disease. Repeated and frequent symptoms of acute cholecystitis lead to inflammation and injury. Because of this, adhesions and scars occur. When there are too many, the gall bladder becomes weak and shapeless. And his muscle layer turns into a coarse and thick scar tissue. Such an organ can neither produce bile nor contract.
- Wrinkled gallbladder. This is a form of sclerosis. The cause of the pathology is tissue deformation. The organ turns into a fragment of scar tissue that fits snugly against the liver.
- Porcelain bubble. This organ has a very dense shell. The reason for this transformation is a disturbed metabolism. Because of this, calcareous compounds begin to be deposited in the walls of the bubble. Over time, the entire wall becomes stony. And the muscle component of the bladder just dies.
Any ailment that causes gallbladder dysfunction manifests itself in a number of symptoms. And they can in no case be ignored. Because it’s extremely difficult to “launch” an organ.
Symptoms
Signs of a disabled gallbladder can be identified in the following list:
- Severe pain, localized in the right hypochondrium.
- Flatulence, manifested in excessive gas formation.
- Bloating.
- Digestive disorders.
- Heartburn.
- Bad mouth sensation.
- Vomiting
- Hyperthermia.
- ZhKB provoked by mechanical jaundice.
- Color-changing epidermis.
- Slight burning and itching of the skin.
- Bright color of urine.
It should be noted that the symptoms of a disabled gallbladder depend on the cause of the pathology. The last three signs, for example, indicate the entry of bile into the blood. But this does not happen if the cause of the dysfunction is the blockage of the ducts.
Diagnostics
If a person suspects that he has symptoms of a disabled gallbladder, then he needs to make an appointment with a gastroenterologist. He will conduct a survey and examination, and then, if there is a suspicion of the presence of this dysfunction, he will prescribe an ultrasound scan, cholecystography and other procedures to help detect the pathology. It is also necessary to identify the cause and further appointment of competent treatment.
The most reliable method is ultrasound. The disconnected gallbladder in the resulting image is clearly visible. You can see if it contains liquid, whether it is contracting, if there are calculi and other formations inside.
And the reason this method also helps to identify. For example, the disconnected gallbladder on an ultrasound scan with obstructive jaundice is very visible, since the overlap occurs in the region of the common duct. It looks large, may contain flocculent deposits or very thick bile. And the image shows the expansion of the ducts located inside or outside the liver.
If the cause of the pathology is sclerosis, then the cavity of the bladder with a sufficient amount of bile is clearly visible in the picture. The muscle layer may contract slightly, but usually no movement occurs at all.
In general, the uzist immediately sees the problem. But despite this, the patient also needs to undergo intravenous cholegraphy. This is the name of the x-ray examination of the gallbladder and ducts, carried out after the introduction of a special contrast agent. If this does not help to identify pathology and determine the cause, prescribe endoscopic cholegraphy.
Effects
As it was already possible to understand, such a pathology as a disabled gall bladder is very serious. What to do if it arose? Of course to be treated, otherwise there will be consequences. Here are some of them:
- Irreversibility of a disorder of the function of biliary discharge.
- Cholecystitis.
- Scarring, deformation of the walls of the bubble.
- Violation of the digestive process.
- Diseases of the pancreas, liver, gastrointestinal tract.
- Hepatitis, pancreatitis, peritonitis.
- Fatal outcome in case of ignoring the disease.
However, even if all of the above is excluded, the very termination of the functioning of the organ is a serious cause for concern. It would be absurd to suggest that when the gallbladder is turned off, the consequences will be harmless.
Antispasmodics
An unreleased case can be treated with medication. It is complex, and therefore includes drugs of various groups. Antispasmodics including. As a rule, gastroenterologists prescribe such drugs as Reabal, Baralgin, Spazmalgon and No-Shpa.
All these funds accelerate the outflow of bile. When blocking the ducts, they really help. In addition, these drugs do not stop the symptoms of congestion - they eliminate pain.
If you feel intolerable discomfort, injections are recommended. Each of these drugs is dispensed in the form of a solution for injections.
However, antispasmodics are not shown to everyone. There are serious contraindications, which include enterocolitis, tuberculosis, colon enlargement, Crohn's disease and gastrointestinal pathology of infectious etiology.
Antibiotics
Gastroenterologists prescribe drugs of this group to people suffering from cholecystitis. With other pathologies, they are prescribed extremely rarely. By the way, the drug is selected only on the basis of the results of the analysis of bile. Before treatment, it is very important to determine the pathogenic microflora that attacks the body.
Popular drugs are Furazolidone, Ciprofloxacin, Roxithromycin, Azithromycin, and Ampicillin.
However, it is forbidden to take them with tubeless cholecystitis, renal failure, pregnancy, breastfeeding, gallstone disease and individual intolerance.
Cholespasmolytics
They are also often prescribed if the patient is diagnosed with a disabled gall bladder. What to do in case of this pathology? Take all kinds of actions to relax the muscle tissue of the liver and bladder. The best way is the use of cholespasmolytics. They are both synthetic and vegetable. Here are some of them:
- "Holagol." It has both an antispasmodic and choleretic effect. It has a slight laxative effect.
- "Atropine". Reduces the tone of smooth muscle, blocks cholinergic receptors, and also reduces the motor activity of the digestive canal.
- "Besalol." The drug is based on phenyl salicylate and belladonna extract. Suppresses bacterial growth and eliminates cramping.
- "Duspatalin." Eliminates pain and discomfort.
- Fubromegan. It weakens the conduction of nerve impulses.
Another doctor may prescribe the use of tinctures made from mint, calendula, arnica, lemon balm, St. John's wort and elecampane.
Enzymes
They are needed in order to facilitate and normalize the digestive process. Your doctor may prescribe one of the following drugs:
- "Festal". It has a choleretic effect, compensates for hepatic biliary excretion.
- "Creon." Helps to better absorb proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
- Mezim. Normalizes the digestive tract, reduces soreness of the digestive processes, eliminates soreness.
In addition, gastroprotective, antifungal, enterosorbent and other drugs can be prescribed. It all depends on the general condition of the human body and medical indications.
Healing fees
Treatment of a disabled gallbladder, as mentioned above, involves taking strong medications, a list of which is prescribed by a gastroenterologist after an examination and diagnosis. But many people who are passionate about alternative medicine decide to try folk remedies. It is also worth discussing with your doctor.
It is believed that dysfunction can be overcome with a decoction of well-dried and crushed sandy immortelle. It is necessary to take 3 tbsp. l pour this raw material into an enameled bowl and pour boiling water (200 ml). Send the container to a water bath, then bring to a boil and let it simmer for half an hour. Stir occasionally.
Then remove from heat and cool. Strain through cheesecloth, folded in three layers, then squeeze. Add boiled water to the original volume. Drink the resulting portion throughout the day in equal parts 20 minutes before eating. The course of treatment should be 4 weeks. Important: every day you need to make a new decoction.
A good infusion is prepared from the following collection: clover, celandine and wormwood (5 parts each), as well as gentian, valerian, chicory and dandelion roots (3 parts each). All of the listed ingredients must be chopped and mixed well.
Pour 1 tbsp. l the resulting collection with a glass of boiling water and let it brew for 30 minutes, covering it with a lid or a napkin. Then strain and add boiling water to the volume that was originally. Drink 50 ml twice a day. When the infusion is over - cook again.
You can also prepare another collection. It will take rose hips, immortelle, peppermint, bird highlander, nettle leaf and pharmacy chamomile. Everything mixes in equal proportions.
Then you need to take 1 tbsp. l composition and pour a glass of boiling water. Put on low heat and cook for 10 minutes. Give 15 minutes to brew. Then strain, squeeze, add boiling water to the initial volume. Drink 3-4 times a day for 1 tbsp. l half an hour before meals, always in a warm form.
In both cases, the course of treatment is 90 days. But one must understand that it is unlikely to “launch” the gallbladder in this way. But as a prophylaxis, these funds are perfect.
Alkaline Mineral Water
Much has been said above about such a pathology as a disabled gall bladder. What this means and how to treat this phenomenon is also clear. A few words are worth telling about preventive measures. One of those is the use of alkaline mineral water.
It must be drunk with dysfunction of the biliary tract, bladder, liver diseases, ulcers and other ailments affecting the gastrointestinal tract. This mineral water has a number of properties, and here are some of them:
- Replenishment in the body of an alkaline reserve.
- Reducing the volume of hydrogen ions.
- Digestive system improvement.
- Purification from metabolic products.
- The elimination of a burning sensation.
- Elimination of severity in the stomach.
- Elimination of burping.
- Cleansing the mucus of the digestive organs.
Such waters include Borjomi, Essentuki (No. 4 and No. 17), Luzhanskaya, Polyana Kvasova, Mark Svaliava, Sairme, Dilijan, Kornesht, Slavyanovskaya and Swallow".
Surgical intervention
Many people who are faced with the problem in question are worried about the need for surgery. The gall bladder is disabled, and this is a serious problem, but in many cases it is possible to do without surgical intervention.
If, for example, the duct clogged a small stone, then it is pushed into the cavity with a specially designed catheter. And then they destroy with solvents. Here's how to “start” a disabled gallbladder. And single stones can be completely dissolved through the use of certain drugs.
But if multiple stone formation, pus, sclerotic phenomena or severe inflammation is detected in the cavity, you will have to remove the bubble. Here are the indications for the operation:
- The presence of stones larger than 1.5 cm.
- The threat of final blockage of the ducts or even the intestines.
- Gangrene (necrosis of the tissues of the bladder).
- Complete organ shutdown.
- The formation of polyps in the cavity of the bladder and their intensive growth.
- Cholesterosis.
- The threat of the occurrence and development of cholecystitis.
In such cases, cholicystectomy is indicated - abdominal surgery performed in various ways. The one that will be selected depends on the form of pathology and the condition of the patient.
Rehabilitation and recovery
It was briefly described above about what constitutes a disease such as a disconnected gallbladder. What to do is also clear. Briefly, it is worth talking about the rehabilitation that awaits the patient after the operation.
Its main goal is to restore all the functions of the digestive organs, as well as prevent the consequences. So you will need to take the following drugs:
- Hepatoprotectors.
- Antisecretory drugs.
- Cholagogue.
- Antireflux drugs.
Also, you will definitely need to attend magnetotherapy, conduct ultrasound procedures and physiotherapy exercises. For a long time, the patient must be under medical supervision in order to avoid complications and overloads. It is also strongly recommended to undergo a course of treatment in some sanatorium-resort area.
Diet
It is very important to maintain proper nutrition with the gallbladder turned off. Here are the main points of the diet:
- Eat 6-7 times a day in small portions (up to 300 g).
- Steaming, stewing and boiling foods.
- Exclude animal fats, switch to plant foods.
- To diversify the diet with choleretic products, fruit and vegetable juices.
- Dress vegetables with vegetable oil. This stimulates the removal of bile.
- Eat foods rich in vitamin C.
- Refuse sugar and salt.
- Mostly there are pureed foods, liquid foods.
- Drink at least three liters of fluid per day.
A strict ban is imposed on such products and products:
- Lamb and beef fat, any fat.
- Mustard, marinades, mayonnaise and ketchup.
- Mushrooms.
- Junk food.
- Fatty fish.
- Cabbage and legumes.
- Everything is spicy, spicy, fried, greasy and hard to digest.
You can eat dried bread, sour-milk products, sometimes egg whites, compotes and jelly, weak soups on vegetable broths. Semi-viscous cereals, baked vegetables and fruits (only not sour or immature) are also allowed.
Complete lists of allowed and prohibited products to the patient will be provided by the doctor who prescribes the treatment. He is also involved in the preparation of a diet with the gallbladder turned off.