You can find out the condition of the mucous membrane of the colon using a special procedure - colonoscopy. It is carried out in medical institutions with a special fiber-optic device - a colonoscope. But the success of the procedure depends on how well the patient is prepared for it.
Diet change
In order for the doctor to examine the mucous membrane, there should be no feces in the colon. Otherwise, the procedure will be meaningless. Therefore, it is important to understand how to prepare for a colonoscopy of the intestine.
It is necessary to exclude from the diet all foods that can cause an increase in the volume of feces and provoke gas formation. The diet should be non-slag. In addition, the preparation includes the use of a large amount of clean liquid. It can be water or weak tea.
The attending physician must tell each patient how to prepare for a bowel colonoscopy. Attention is drawn to how the diet should be changed. You also need to know that at least two days before a colonoscopy, you must stop taking iron preparations. Vaseline oil is not recommended.
Basic Rules
First of all, you need to adjust your diet. The menu should be designed in such a way that it does not include foods containing an increased amount of fiber. Meals are changed 2-3 days before the appointed procedure. It is important to eat easily digestible foods that do not contain indigestible elements. The last meal should be no later than 12-00 hours a day preceding the procedure.
In addition to changing the diet on the eve of the study, everyone must conduct a mechanical bowel cleansing. This can be done with an enema or special laxatives.
But if the patient suffers from chronic constipation, then you need to ask yourself how to properly prepare for an intestinal colonoscopy, even earlier. It is important to change the diet 5 days before the planned mechanical cleaning. Those people who regularly use a laxative need to continue taking the usual drug. If constipation lasts for 6-7 days, then the dose of laxatives must be doubled.
Allowed Menu
A few days before the procedure, you need to familiarize yourself with the list of products that will help prepare for its implementation. It is allowed to eat flour products, rice dishes. Do not give up coarse white bread, pasta, oatmeal and rice porridge, bagels (without poppy seeds) or other inedible cookies.
Soups can be cooked in non-greasy broth without the addition of vegetables. Meat consumed should be lean, allowed chicken, beef, veal. For example, you can boiled chicken, souffle, meatballs, meatballs.
Low-fat fish species are allowed: perch, pike, cod pike perch.
The diet can be varied with calcium-containing foods. It can be low-fat cottage cheese, cheeses, low-fat kefir, pure (without any additives) yogurt.
Vegetable decoctions are allowed, potatoes can be eaten only without a peel.
It is necessary to drink mainly simple clean water. But, telling how to prepare for intestinal colonoscopy at home, the doctor may allow small quantities of weak tea or coffee, juices and jelly, provided that they are transparent and without pulp.
Fans of sweets need to know that you can only regular sugar, honey, jelly.
Prohibited Products
It is important to find out in time what the diet should be in preparation for a colonoscopy. After all, 3-6 days before the procedure (depending on the tendency to constipation), you need to find out what you can not eat.
All grain-containing dishes are prohibited. Therefore, it is necessary to abandon cereals, black bread and products that contain whole or crushed grains. It is also necessary to refuse vegetables and fruits in fresh and dried form. It is necessary to avoid raisins and berries, especially those that contain small grains. Greens also fall under the ban: lettuce, basil, dill, parsley and others.
Keep your cabbage, smoked foods, pickles, canned food, pickled mushrooms, seaweed out of your diet. Cream soups, milk soups, filled yogurts, ice cream, fat cottage cheese, cream, sour cream are prohibited. When figuring out how to prepare for an intestinal colonoscopy, remember that you will have to abandon the fatty varieties of fish and meat, including goose and duck, alcoholic drinks, soda, dried fruit compotes. You can not seasonings, sauces, which include herbs or grains, legumes.
Mechanical cleaning
Until recently, people knew only about one method of cleansing the intestines from feces - an enema. To achieve maximum effect, you need to do it several times. The first time it is done in the evening and is repeated in the morning on the eve of the study. An evening enema is done twice, each time it is necessary to pour about 1.5 liters of water.
But those who figure out how to prepare for an intestinal colonoscopy with an enema should know that there is more to it than that. It is also important to drink a laxative in the evening. It is necessary to take it 3-4 hours before the start of cleansing procedures. You can choose castor oil or a solution of magnesia. In the first case, about 40-60 g of the drug will be needed, and in the second - 100 ml.
If you took a laxative at about 4 p.m. in the evening, then an enema can be done after 19 p.m. Repeat the procedure after an hour. As a result, clean water should leave the intestines.
2 enemas are also done in the morning. They are recommended to be carried out at 7 and 8 hours. But if your examination is scheduled for later hours, then you can independently choose the optimal time so that the intestines have time to completely clear and you can get to the hospital.
Modern methods
If you belong to those people who are panicky afraid of an enema, then you have another option. Modern advances in the pharmaceutical industry make it possible to get rid of intestinal contents without any mechanical procedures. The attending physician will be able to tell you how to prepare for a colonoscopy of the intestine. Reviews of each of these drugs will allow you to choose the most suitable option for you.
For these purposes, you can use the drug "Fortrans". In some cases, doctors advise combining his administration with Dufalac. An alternative drug is Lavacol.
Along with the indicated medications, other laxatives can be used. It can be Regulaks, Pursennid, Senada, Laksbene, Dulkolaks. To reduce the discomfort that leads to intestinal spasm, you can use the tool "Dietetel." But the popular antispasmodics "Spazmolgon", "No-shpa" and others in these cases are ineffective.
Using Fortrans
Many doctors, telling how to prepare for a colonoscopy of the intestine, recommend using isoosmotic agents. These drugs include Fortrans. This is an electrolyte balanced solution made on the basis of polyethylene glycol. It passes through the intestine, not absorbed into its walls, and provides effective cleansing.
A package of the drug is diluted in 1 liter of water. But to achieve the desired effect, you need to drink it on the basis of this calculation: 1 package of the drug per 20 kg of weight. That is, to cleanse the intestines of a man weighing 80 kg, 4 packets will be needed.
There are two ways to prepare for a colon colonoscopy with Fortrans. The first option involves starting the preparation from 15-00 on the day preceding the examination. All relying volume should be drunk in the evening, distributing it evenly.
You can use the second method only if the examination is not scheduled for you earlier in the morning. He suggests that half of the expected volume is drunk the night before. And the rest (1-2 packets) are postponed in the morning. In this case, it is necessary to calculate the time so that more than 3 hours elapse from the last dose to the procedure.
The combination of the drug "Fortrans" with other means
There is also another way to prepare for a colonoscopy of the intestine. Drugs that have a laxative effect can be combined. This allows you to reduce the required number of isosmotic agents. So, for example, for cleaning, you can use the drug "Dufalac". To do this, a 200 ml bottle of the drug is dissolved in 1.5-2 liters of water and drink it in 2-3 hours. After an hour (maximum after 3 hours), emptying begins. It passes, as a rule, gently and painlessly, without concomitant intestinal cramps.
But for a more effective cleaning, you still need to drink another packet of Photrans. It is advisable to repeat the cleaning using the last preparation in the morning. When combined with Dufalac, 1 Fortrans packet in the evening and in the morning will suffice.
If increased purification is observed with the specified cleaning method, then you can drink the prescribed age-related dosage of Espumisan. Remember, it’s better to figure out in advance how to prepare for a Fortrans intestinal colonoscopy than to repeat the procedure afterwards because of poor cleaning.
The drug "Lavacol"
Each patient can choose which isosmotic solution he wants to drink. You can also find the drug "Lavacol" on sale. The pharmacy sells packages in which there are 15 packages of funds. This amount is designed to
cleanse the intestines of a person weighing about 80 kg. When choosing an individual dose, consider that 1 packet should go per 5 kg of mass, it dissolves in a glass of water. Drink each dose slowly, in small sips. The glass should be drunk in about 20 minutes.
Cleansing begins about 2 hours after taking the product. The process ends no later than 3 hours after the last sip of the diluted drug. If you choose this remedy, you can additionally ask your doctor about how to prepare for a colonoscopy of the intestine with Lavacol. Reviews about this drug indicate that using it can help to avoid an enema.
Means "Fleet"
Pharmacists have developed another bowel cleanser. Thanks to it, patients no longer need to drink 3-4 liters of a tasteless isosmotic solution. Means "Fleet" is taken twice. For the first time, 45 ml of the product is diluted in ½ cup of water and drunk after breakfast. Repeat the procedure in the evening according to the same pattern. If the examination is not scheduled for the early morning, it is advisable to drink another dose a few hours before it.
But at the same time, there should be water on the day of his reception for breakfast, and lunch should consist of any liquid - meat broth, juice, tea. Each dose of Fleet is washed down with water. It is necessary to use from 1 to 3 glasses.
Following actions
Many worry what can and cannot be done after the procedure. Doctors say that immediately after a colonoscopy, the patient can eat. If the stomach remains full of gas, then you can drink up to 10 tablets of crushed activated carbon.
In most cases, the examination does not cause any side effects. If during the procedure polyps were removed or a biopsy was performed, then a little bleeding is possible. But it is usually insignificant and stops quickly.