In 1934, a fateful decision was made for all young talented artists. After visiting the exhibition of children's drawings in Leningrad, Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks S.M. Kirov instructed to create the "Primary School of Drawing", located at the All-Russian Academy of Arts. And so, already in February, the school accepted the first students within its walls. In early spring, it received a new name: "School of young talents." History of the Secondary School Johanson has undergone many changes throughout its existence. Consider first the history of the institution.
The first steps
At first, children studied only in the evenings, after regular classes in their main schools. Lessons were held 3 times a week, after lunch. Education in the secondary school named after Johanson lasted four years. We took children from poor families, there were many orphans. The state supported young talents and financially. The children were paid a scholarship of 40 rubles, and the best students were paid a raised scholarship of 100 rubles.
The training program did not have general educational disciplines; the number of subjects was approved by the Academy of Arts. Teachers explained the basics of drawing, held talks on the history of art, introduced famous artists. The sculpture was studied, doing modeling from a living nature. Such items as painting and composition were not listed at all in the program. Every year large final exhibitions of works by young students were organized. This was a kind of exam at the end of each course of study.
1936 changes
Since 1936, the Secondary Art School named after Johanson is undergoing great organizational transformation. Now the institution conducts full-time education. Classes include all the necessary school subjects. The name "School of young talents" is changing to the secondary art school. All students are transferred to full education. Recruitment for the study of other children by competitive selection.
Teachers were recruited in a special way. Firstly, they all had a high category, and secondly, people of different nationalities should have been present in the team. There were both party and non-party. The main organizer of the changes to the school is Ivan Nikanorovich Efimov.
The first time of the secondary school named after Johanson was in the premises of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, on the third floor, at Universitetskaya embankment, 17. For poor and nonresident students, accommodation and meals were organized in a hostel. After graduation, many entered immediately at the Academy of Fine Arts.
Student life during the war
With the outbreak of war, the school worked for some time as usual. Pupils after classes helped their hometown in the construction of defensive structures. In the process of evacuating the famous exhibits of the Hermitage Museum from the city, the children helped to pack paintings and other works of art. After the first siege winter, many children did not survive the difficulties and died.
Then the Leningrad Secondary Art School was evacuated to Samarkand, where children also helped adults in this difficult time for the country: they harvested, built a hydroelectric power station, laid a railway. In addition to helping ordinary people, young talents embodied what they saw on the canvases. An exhibition was organized about life in besieged Leningrad.
Older children were mobilized into the ranks of the Red Army, fought along with adults, defending their homeland from the Nazi invaders. Most of the guys did not turn back, many fell on the battlefield. Only the surviving 53 students returned to their native Leningrad to continue their studies.
In whose honor is the school named?
The art school in Leningrad was named in honor of Boris Vladimirovich Johanson at the end of August 1973. This is a Moscow artist, professor and President of the USSR Academy of Arts from 1958 to 1962. Johansson created in the style of socialist realism. He depicted in his paintings ordinary working people. His most famous paintings are “Interrogation of the Communists” and “At the Old Ural Plant”.
This is a folk artist who received many Stalin Prizes. He is a Hero of Socialist Labor. This name he got from his father, an employee in Moscow, who had Swedish roots. In his work, this artist inherited his favorite authors: I. Repin and V. Surikov.
Teaching Staff
From the very beginning of its existence, only the best teachers, experts in their field, famous artists and sculptors worked in the Art School. The first director of the school was K. M. Lepilov, a student of Ilya Repin, a professor at the Academy of Arts. Other teachers were no less eminent: P. S. Naumov, student of D. Kardovsky, L. F. Ovsyannikov, student of V. Mate.
Even now, only graduates of the Institute named after I. E. Repin, professor at the Academy of Arts. Many teachers used to be students of this institution, then returned to their native walls as teachers. Thus, the long-standing traditions of the school are preserved , and the continuity of generations is implemented .
Many graduates of this school began to teach at the Institute. I.E. Repin. Now even a wide circle of people who are more or less familiar with the artists of the country know the graduates of this educational institution: A.P. Levitan, M.K. Anikushin, D.T. Oboznenko, V.I. Tyulenev. Celebrities abroad have become such school graduates as M. Shemyakin, E. Unknown.
Lyceum of Johanson
For a long time, students of the school could not receive certificates of secondary education, with their diplomas it was possible to enter only the Institute of Arts. On December 1, 1992, the school was once again transformed. The new name of the institution is as follows: St. Petersburg State Academic Art Lyceum. B. V. Johanson at the Institute. I.E. Repin.
Graduates receive education in all subjects of national educational institutions, pass examinations in the Unified State Examination and can enter any higher education institution of the country if they wish.
The Lyceum is located in the Vasileostrovsky district, not far from the Vasileostrovskaya metro station. School address: st. Children's, 17.
Admission to the Lyceum
To enter the child to study at this lyceum, you need to pass a test task. For different classes are given various options for introductory work. The tasks differ depending on the direction of the class. For example, to enter the "Painting" class, you need to bring a whole folder of your work on the desired topic. This is a still life, paper graphite, watercolor, composition on a given topic, sketches, sketches, studies. All work must be properly executed. In more detail, applicants will find out information on the website of the lyceum or in the selection committee.
To pass for admission to the school. Johanson's entrance exams to the class "Sculpture", you need to bring drawings with parts of the human body (lip, nose, ear), graphite paper, still life and watercolor, compositions on different topics. The total number of works on each topic should be at least 5 pieces. If the applicant submits documents to high school, a relief drawing is added, an image of the gypsum head of an ancient Greek hero, etc. Similar tasks are also required for admission to the 10th grade at the Architecture department.
Lyceum problems
Director SPGAHL them. B.V. Johanson Larisa Nikolaevna Kirillova has been preoccupied with the state of the school in recent years. Lack of funding and the outflow of personnel abroad harm the establishment. After graduation, it is very difficult for students to find their place in life, decent work, orders.
She believes that the lyceum should have a special program and final certification in the subjects of the natural-mathematical course. Many artistically gifted children have various chronic diseases, and it is difficult for them to master the school curriculum, although, as artists, they are extremely talented. He cites the example of A.S. Pushkin, who had two in mathematics at school and became a genius in the art of poetry.
Feedback from former students and their parents
About SKhSh them. Johanson's reviews on the Internet are very diverse - from positive to sharply critical. First, we discuss the positive feedback about this institution. Many children are glad that they have learned exactly here, because for admission to the Academy they accept documents only from graduates of this lyceum or art school. After a simple school, you don’t even have to try to enter a higher educational institution of this level.
Another plus is the loyal attitude of teachers to general subjects, the guys are pulling up with all their might, they are turning a blind eye to failures in mathematics or the complete illiteracy of the student. In one review, the girl said that the guy in the essay on the exam made 64 errors in the text, but he was still helped to enter the Academy, because he was talented in painting.
Most of the negative reviews. Both former students and their parents are dissatisfied. Many people think that the years in the Lyceum are wasted, they cannot find decent work, there is no money, you have to earn in another way. Parents are dissatisfied with the level of knowledge in other subjects; they believe that education should be given to children in high quality in all disciplines. They also criticize the poverty of the material base, empty classes with ragged walls and old antediluvian furniture. It is believed that teachers have a conniving attitude to their work.