It is common for a person to receive various injuries. Damage may be accidental or deliberate. In case of accident, a person does not expect a blow or collision. Conscious injuries can also be obtained during surgical interventions. This article will discuss what a hematoma is. This definition will be presented below. You will also find out what types of hematomas are, their symptoms and causes.
A hematoma is ...
This term is most often used in medical speech. In fact, any bruise is a hematoma. Surely every person at least once in his life came across this phenomenon.
A hematoma is an accumulation of blood that forms under the skin or in muscle tissue. It is worth noting that bruises can occur on any part of the human body. A hematoma is an entity that has certain boundaries. More often a bruise is presented in the form of a circle or oval. But there are exceptions. In this case, the hematoma can take the form of a triangle, a square, or spread to a large area and have an irregular shape.
Types of entities
In medicine, hematoma is divided into several types. These include the following:
- Subserous formation. In this case, the bruise is located inside the abdominal cavity (on the human organs). In this case, a person needs urgent medical care.
- Subcutaneous or intramuscular hematoma. In this case, a person discovers a bruise that has boundaries. In this case, usually there is no threat, and the formation passes on its own.
- Hematoma in the head. In this case, the brain is most often affected. In this case, the hematoma can have several varieties: intracerebral, epidural and subdural. Medical assistance to a person is necessary.
- The formation of bruising during pregnancy inside the genital organ. Such a hematoma is most often called retrochorial. The threat in this case arises for the life of the future baby.
What is a hematoma of the brain?
Separately, it is worth highlighting the hematomas that occur in the brain. They are the most dangerous of all listed.
Subdural hematoma is the formation or accumulation of blood that appears when small vessels rupture. Most often it occurs when a person abuses blood thinners.
Epidural hematoma is an accumulation of blood that is located between the brain and the skull. This often occurs in the event of a strong blow.
Intracerebral hematoma is the most dangerous of all. When it occurs, blood fills the brain, soaking it. In this case, a person often loses his mind, or even death.
Hematoma Symptoms
The main sign of a hematoma or bruise is pain. It occurs immediately after damage. The only exceptions are those formations that arose as a result of surgical intervention under the influence of anesthesia.
After pain, a swelling appears. It is always visible with the naked eye, even when the hematoma is intramuscular. The only exceptions are hematomas of the brain or internal organs. In this case, the tumor will be hidden by the surface of the human body.
After the tumor, a bruise often occurs. The color of the hematoma depends on the intensity of the damage. Often large bruises have a reddish-brown or blue tint. Small hematomas can be characterized by cyanotic or violet color.
In the place where the hematoma formed, an increase in temperature is most often observed. With extensive damage to the internal organs, there may be a high temperature of the whole body.
Upon receipt of a brain hematoma, dizziness, clouding of consciousness, and poor health often occur. Also, a person may feel nauseous. In more serious cases, there is a loss of consciousness or the onset of a coma.
Causes of Hematoma
Depending on the type of formation, the causes of injury may be different.
Upon receipt of a subcutaneous or intramuscular hematoma, the causes of formation can be absolutely any. Most often, this is a blow, cut, a strong skin grip. Also, with a closed fracture, a subcutaneous hematoma occurs . Bruises on the skin appear after surgical interventions. If tissues were damaged, then subcutaneous accumulation of blood may form around them over time. In most cases, such a reaction is normal and does not require special correction.
The cause of an intra-abdominal hematoma can be a hit or a fall from a great height. Also, with damage to some vessels, a so-called bruise on the peritoneal organs may occur.
Brain hematoma can be obtained with external trauma or internal hemorrhage. In the form of external influence, a usual strong blow can act. In this case, a hematoma forms in the place where the center of the collision was. With intracerebral hemorrhage, a hematoma is also formed. In this case, the place of accumulation of blood can be any. It all depends on which vessels were damaged.
Hematoma treatment
Depending on the nature of the education and how serious the situation is, the treatment may be different.
Subcutaneous hematomas most often pass on their own. However, you can help them disappear with modern ointments or compresses. Intramuscular accumulations of blood are also eliminated on their own. Only in some cases may a tight dressing of the damaged area be required.
Intraperitoneal hematomas are treated with timely medical intervention. In severe cases, surgical care may be required.
Brain hematomas always require inpatient treatment. The correction method is always chosen by a specialist, based on the clinical picture.
Conclusion
Now you know what a hematoma is and what types this education has. You also found out what are the causes and symptoms of the pathology. Treatment may be required only in some cases.
Try to do without hematomas and always be healthy!