What part of speech does the word “longer” refer to? You will learn the answer to this question from the materials in this article. In addition, we will tell you about how to disassemble such a lexical unit in composition, which synonym can be replaced, and so on.
General information
Almost everyone knows how to spell the word “longer.” But not everyone knows what part of speech it refers to. In this regard, we propose to begin our article with clarification of this particular issue.
We determine the part of speech
To determine which part of speech the word “longer” refers to, it should be put in its initial form - “long”. Next, you need to ask the appropriate question: "which?" - long. Therefore, this name is an adjective. But here a new question arises: why does the word “longer” end not on the –th, –th or –th, but on –e? This requires recalling the particulars of adjectives.
Degrees of Adjective Name Comparison
All qualitative adjectives have such a variable morphological attribute as the degree of comparison. From the school curriculum, we know that in Russian there are two degrees:
Let's consider them in more detail.
Superlative
Such a sign indicates the smallest or greatest degree of manifestation of the sign (for example, the highest mountain) or a very small or large degree of manifestation of the sign (for example, the kindest person).
It should be specially noted that the superlative degree of adjectives is formed by adding to the main word the suffixes -eysh- or -aysh-, the prefix na-, as well as additional lexical units “most”, “most”, “least”, “all” or “all ".
As we found out above, the word “longer” is an adjective. However, it does not stand in the superlative degree, since it does not show the suffixes -eysh- or -ish-, the prefixes na-, as well as additional lexical units “most”, “most”, “least”, “all” or “all ".
comparative
Such a sign of adjectives indicates a greater or lesser degree of an object compared to another (for example, Masha is higher than Sasha; this lake is deeper than that) or by this object, but in a different circumstance (Masha is higher than it was the year before last ; in this place the lake is deeper than in that).
It should be noted that the comparative degree is formed from the base of adjectives with the help of such suffixes as -she / -she-s (s) and -s (for example, higher, faster, earlier, deeper), prefixes- (for example, newer ), as well as from another basis (for example, good is better, bad is worse) or additional lexical units (more or less).
From the foregoing, we can safely say that the word “longer” is the name of the adjective in a comparative degree. It consists of the basis of "long" and the suffix "her".
How do you spell the word "longer"?
Almost everyone knows how to spell such a word. Although some people may still make a mistake while writing it. For example, the following expression is often found in a letter: "Let's see who has a longer nose." This is a misspelling word. After all, it should be used only with two letters "n". In order to prove this statement, we present the corresponding rule of the Russian language.
The word “longer” is formed from the initial form of the name of the adjective “long”. As you can see, there are two letters "n" in it. Indeed, in turn, such a lexical unit arose from the noun “length” with the help of the suffix –n–. Therefore, both “long” and “longer” are written only with double “n”. Here is a good example:
- Her dress is longer than mine.
- She is much longer than her friend.
- I have never seen a longer route in my life.
- It was so long that it barely fit in a car.
By the way, in such a lexical unit, some people question the spelling of the letters “and”. For example, often in the text you can find the word "longer." How to check it in this case? To do this, apply the rule that applies to unstressed vowels in the root of the word. That is, it is required to select a verification word for the lexical unit presented in which the dubious letter will be in the stressed position. For example, “LONG”. As you can see, the letter “and” in this word is stressed. Consequently, it will be “longer” correctly.
Morphemic analysis of the word
Quite often, teachers ask their students to parse words by composition. “Longer” is a lexical unit that is rather problematic to subject to morphemic analysis. However, above we examined how exactly such a word is formed. That is why it is not difficult to disassemble it by composition.
So, we will make the morphemic analysis of the name of the adjective “longer”, which costs a comparative degree:
- Determine the ending. In this case, it is zero.
- We determine the prefix. In our case, the prefix is missing.
- Define the suffix. The comparative suffix in this word is –––. There is also a suffix –n– which belongs to the base.
- Determine the root. The root in this word is “lengths”.
- Determine the basis. The base of the adjective is “longer” - “long”.
We select a synonym
Synonyms in the Russian language are words of the same part of speech, which are different in spelling and sound, but have a similar lexical meaning. Here is a good example:
- small - small;
- large - large;
- beautiful - beautiful;
- ugly - scary;
- want - desire;
- to speak - to chat;
- big - huge;
- to create - to create;
- thing - subject;
- to die - to perish;
- hold - grab;
- cold - not warm;
- slow - slow and so on.
Thus, a synonym for the word “longer” should be an adjective and, if possible, should be in a comparative degree. For instance:
- longer - extend;
- longer - longer;
- longer - stretch out;
- longer - longer;
- longer - higher;
- longer - longer and so on.
However, it should be noted that synonyms for this word should be selected so that in the context they look natural. After all, it will be a mistake to say: “He is longer than she is,” since it is necessary to say: “He is higher than she.”
Choosing Antonyms
Antonyms in the Russian language are words of one and that part of speech that are different in spelling and sound, but have directly opposite lexical meanings.
Here is a good example:
- true False;
- handsome - ugly;
- to speak - to be silent;
- cold - hot;
- long short;
- frosty - hot;
- big small;
- fast - slow;
- to run - to stand;
- kind angry;
- high Low;
- bad - good and so on.
So, let's try to choose the antonym for the word “longer”:
- longer - shorter;
- longer - less.
Similarly, we can choose synonyms and antonyms for the initial form of the name of the adjective “long”. For example: tall, long, elongated and short, compressed, short and so on.