By abdominal surgery, it is customary to understand one of the areas of general surgery, which is engaged in the study and direct treatment of organs, as well as the walls of the abdominal cavity. It should be noted that more than 50% of all abdominal operations are essentially abdominal options. The thing is that specifically in this case, antibiotics and antiseptics do not always cope with their direct task, since they cannot save the patient from the occurrence of sepsis.
Abdominal surgery. History of occurrence
According to experts, the first penetration into the
abdominal cavity through the surgical method was recorded in the 3rd century BC. in
ancient India and China. A little later, namely in the 14th century, abdominal surgery was further spread in France, Germany and many other European states.
On the territory of our country, the first band operation on the stomach with a severe burn of the esophagus took place only in the 19th century. However, in Russia the mortality of patients still remained at a fairly high level. A little later, the reason was clarified. The thing is that at that time there were no methods of antiseptics and asepsis. Microbes that got into the wound before and after the operation were not destroyed. It was from the 19th century that abdominal surgery began to develop in our country, which in turn reached serious success in the 20th century.
One cannot overestimate the achievements of specialists in the Soviet era, especially in the direct organization of emergency surgical care. So, in those days, patients with appendicitis or acute cholecystitis could always count on the help of local specialists in cities, settlements and regional centers. It is important to note that today similar hospitals also exist.
Abdominal surgery today
Modern abdominal surgery has been singled out as a separate branch of medical science in order to carry out planned surgical treatment as quickly and efficiently as possible. At the moment, the so-called endoscopic methods of treatment are considered the most popular among experts in this field.
The main causes of diseases in the abdominal cavity are considered not only gastrointestinal microorganisms, but also injuries and various kinds of
infectious processes. Therefore, it is generally accepted in science that all viruses and bacteria, as well as other factors leading to infection in the abdominal cavity, must be considered abdominal. They, in turn, are conditionally divided by specialists into complicated and uncomplicated. In the first case, there are signs of an acute inflammatory process, perforation, and other causes that require antimicrobial therapy. In the second case, peritonitis is absent, which means there is no inflammatory reaction.
Only an abdominal surgeon can evaluate the whole situation. Note that at the moment there are a lot of specialists in our country in this field, because, as already noted above, it is abdominal treatment that is most often required by patients.