The school curriculum pays great attention to the study of the subject "Object and Its Signs" already in the 6th grade. Children gradually learn to characterize most of the phenomena, objects, and events that surround them.
This skill is also important because this concept is one of the basic in modern information technologies. Pupils must learn not only to name by name, but also to highlight the basic, most important features of an object, computer science provides clear, structured knowledge.
Definition
Every element of the world around us (living and nonliving objects, natural phenomena, any processes) that can be perceived integrally is usually called an object.
Accordingly, objects have names by which they are distinguished and remembered. The world is so arranged that every detail in it has a name, otherwise it would be difficult for a person to navigate in the surrounding reality.
Kinds
Computer science divides objects into three main groups:
- Items (book, pencil case, tree, car).
- Processes (singing, walking, drawing).
- Phenomena (earthquakes, snowfall, dawn).
Separately, I would like to note the objects - elements of the operating system interface. These are files, folders, icons or shortcuts - all of them are executed graphically and individually. That is, each has its own icon (image). It is customary to study their properties through the context menu, which can be called up by right-clicking on the icon.
Name
Whatever the basic and most important features of an object, the name is always given at the beginning. Any object is endowed with its "name". Usually it answers the questions “who is this” or “what is this”. The variety of forms and capabilities of the language sometimes allows you to endow objects with a variety of names. For example, a house is a building, structure, building, building, etc.
Further. Names exist in a generalized form and in a specific (personal or proper). For example, a tree object is a fairly common name. There are a lot of trees on the planet. But the name "larch" is concrete, belonging to only one species.
Signs
Mandatory for any element of the world is its own characteristics. These are the main and most important features of the facility. Let's consider them in more detail.
- Properties are characteristic features that significantly distinguish it from all others. The main parameters of a property are a certain available quantity and its possible values or states. Example, an apple is round, red, sweet.
- Actions are an important sign; it shows what an object can do and what possibilities exist for manipulating it. For example, candy, it can be expanded, eaten, presented, etc.
- Behavior is an attribute inherent in many objects, characterized by discrete actions, an algorithmic set of certain operations it performs. Take flight as a sample. Many birds can fly, but planes, rockets, and insects also fly. They do this in a unique way for themselves, according to their own algorithm.
- State - a set of certain values that together describe an object at a given time. That is, with a different symbiosis of input data, the object will be characterized differently. Example: the weather is windy (or sunny, rainy). A combination of conditions will be constantly "moved" here: air temperature, humidity, precipitation, atmospheric pressure and others.
Conclusion
You can practice and independently name the main, most important features of the object from the outside world. It can be anything - a bridge, river, ocean, city, eclipse or flood.
A similar practice in computer science lessons in high school will help to absorb material and enable students to learn how to structure any phenomena in their minds. In further training, they will have to face programming, where the object and its properties will be the basic concepts when working in certain environments.