The blue arrow of the compass always points to the north, which means that if you go in the opposite direction long enough until the arrow points straight up, you will get to where the southernmost point of our planet is - the South Pole.
This is not so, our planet has several south poles.
Definition
The word "pole" denotes the limit, boundary, extreme point of a surface or anything at all, as well as the diametrical opposite - in this case it is a paired concept, and in our world there are only two poles, probably less or more in worlds with a different concept of space.
There are geographical poles on our planet - the North and the South (the southernmost point of our planet), which are located where the axis of rotation of the planet intersects with its surface at two points. Like any extremes, the poles are somewhat flawed: at these points from the geographical coordinates there is only latitude, respectively, there are no time zones at the poles - choose any.
And the cold and inaccessibility have their own, special poles, and even their name makes them uncomfortable.
Magnetic poles
Earth has a magnetic field generated by the core of the planet, consisting of molten rocks, including metal. Like any electromagnetic radiation, it has lines of force showing the direction of this radiation. It is these lines that make the compass needle deflect, which is always parallel to these lines, in exactly the same direction. The vanishing points of these lines are called magnetic poles - the north and south, and they are drifting and do not coincide with the geographical. They are not also antipodes, that is, the Earth’s magnetic axis connecting the magnetic poles does not pass through the center of the globe.
By the way, the south magnetic pole attracts the south pole of the compass needle, and since opposite charges are attracted, it is more correct to call it the north.
Geographical position
A point on the earth's surface, having the coordinate 90⁰ 00 '00' 'south latitude - the South Pole - the southernmost point of our planet. The poles got the most climatic zones of the planet. The North is located among the ice of the Arctic Ocean, i.e., among the ocean, located between vast tracts of land. Southern - in Antarctica, i.e., on a solid site, washed from all sides by the oceans.
At the poles, the sun rises once a year and, having reached its highest point, six months later sets over the horizon. In Antarctica, the day begins on September 22, lasts 178 days and ends in March.
Climate
Despite the "hot" name, the South Pole - the extreme southern point of the planet - is one of the most extreme places in terms of living conditions. It is located on a continent covered with a thick layer of ice, and tanning there is quite problematic - the climate at the South Pole is colder than at the North. This is because it is remote from the coast, and the ocean is a natural heat accumulator. Its location is located on a hill, and the rare sun's rays reaching the surface are reflected in white snow.
In the region of the pole, at the Amundsen-Scott station (USA), the temperature was -82.8 ° C, which is only 7⁰ warmer than the record minimum recorded at the Russian Vostok station, located on the same continent.
Conquering the South Pole
After the Arctic expedition of the American Peary, when the North Pole was discovered in 1909, the most southern point of our planet became the main goal of the discoverers. The history of the conquest of the South Pole has become one of the last pages of the world history of geographical discoveries, and one of the most dramatic.
Two teams joined the race: the Norwegian, led by the legendary polar explorer Ruald Amundsen, and the British under the command of Robert Scott. Subsequently, the following description of these expeditions spread to England: a team of cold, prudent Norwegian thought out to the smallest detail, spared from the slightest risk, and the heroic impulse of a romantic Englishman. Amundsen was especially accused of the fact that the fifty huskies on which his group was traveling, as they moved to the pole, became a source of food for the remaining dogs and people.
On January 17, 1912, the Norwegians reached the pole, one month ahead of Scott. The southernmost point of the world was 1300 km from the base, Amundsen reached the pole two months after the start of the expedition and returned safely, spending 10 days less on the return trip. 5 people under the command of Scott with great difficulty got to the goal and there they found that they were ahead of Amundsen. They were found dead from exhaustion only six months later.
Today's state
There is no territorial division in Antarctica, only scientific activity carried out under the international treaty is allowed. At the South Pole there is an American scientific station, named after the discoverers - Amundsen and Scott, near it there is a ritual place for photographing - the southernmost point of the planet. It is a special sign on a stand surrounded by the flags of the countries participating in the development of Antarctica.
Each year, this sign deviates from zero longitude by ten meters due to the displacement of the ice shell on the southernmost continent of the earth , and it has to be rearranged. Fortunately, every time the southernmost point of the earth opens without the efforts that the heroes spent on science at the beginning of the 20th century. Now a webcam is working at the pole, and visiting it is included in the list of tourist routes.