Today, many couples face the problem of infertility. One of the common causes is obstruction of pipes. Surgery, inflammation and endometriosis lead to this. A modern method of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of this pathology is laparoscopy of the fallopian tubes.
Today, endoscopic operations are widespread due to low morbidity. The rehabilitation period is significantly reduced, and painful sensations are reduced.
Checking the patency of the pipes is the most important step in the examination for infertility. First, hysterosalpingography is used for this. However, this method does not always give reliable results, is characterized by soreness and has a radiation effect on the pelvic organs.
Then, with dubious results or obstruction, laparoscopy is prescribed. Its task is to confirm or refute the diagnosis, and also to carry out correction if necessary.
Laparoscopy of the fallopian tubes is prescribed in the following cases:
- endometriosis;
- female infertility;
- obstruction of pipes;
- sterilization;
- ectopic pregnancy;
- adhesions of the fallopian tubes.
If foci of endometriosis are detected, they are removed, adhesions are dissected. The throughput of the pipes is checked by passing a colored solution through them. In this case, a false result due to spasm is excluded, since the patient is under anesthesia.
Adhesions can be both outside and inside pipes. The less pronounced the pathological process, the better the prognosis. If the pipes are badly damaged inside, then mechanical restoration of their patency does not make sense. Since in this case they still will not function normally, but the probability of an ectopic pregnancy will only increase.
In the work of the pipes, their correct contraction and the condition of the mucosa with cilia is very important. It is these mechanisms that help the fertilized egg to move to the uterus, because it itself, unlike sperm, cannot move.
Laparoscopy of the fallopian tubes is the only hope to preserve them during an ectopic pregnancy. However, this is possible only with the timely detection of pathology, when the wall is still not very badly damaged. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct an early ultrasound to determine the place of attachment of the embryo.
If an ectopic pregnancy is detected late, then the tube is usually not saved. Since this will only increase the risk of this pathology once again.
Also, hydrosalpinx is removed without fail. This is a pipe in which the outer hole is sealed and liquid accumulates in it. It is a breeding ground for bacteria, it can become inflamed, twist, worsens the endometrium and prevents pregnancy.
Patients who are prescribed this manipulation are usually interested in how laparoscopy is done. In preparation for it, it is necessary to pass tests. In addition, it can not be carried out with inflammation in the body. The operation is performed under anesthesia, its duration depends on the complexity. So with a moderate adhesive process or endometriosis, it lasts about an hour.
During the manipulation, several small incisions are made to enter the instruments, including the laparoscope. The doctor monitors the progress of the operation on the monitor.
Usually the patient does not experience any special pain after it. After a few hours, she can already get up and move, this is only welcome. A woman is in the hospital for several days, the stitches are removed after a week.
After laparoscopy for a month, it is necessary to refrain from sex and physical activity. The time after which you can start trying to conceive a child depends on the underlying disease. If this is endometriosis, then, most likely, hormone therapy will be prescribed for six months, and only then it will be possible to become pregnant. If adhesions were simply dissected and the doctor does not plan any additional treatment, then attempts can be started in a month.
So, laparoscopy of the fallopian tubes is mainly used to check and restore their patency. Today it is the most effective and popular method. With an ectopic pregnancy, this manipulation allows (in case of timely detection) to save the tube. With severe damage to organs, their patency is not restored, but IVF is strongly recommended.