One of the biggest social problems of our time is injuries in road accidents. In countries with a high level of economy, there is a huge number of car accidents with human losses.
The life of the victim often depends on how correctly he will receive first aid in case of an accident in the first minutes after the accident. Experts say that the accident victim in 75% of cases has a chance to survive, if the time of clinical death does not exceed three minutes, if this period is up to five minutes, then this possibility is reduced by three times. If a person was in this state for ten minutes, it will not be possible to save him.
First aid for road accidents. Basic principles:
· Assisting the victim directly at the scene of the tragedy. It is carried out by witnesses of the disaster or specialists who arrived at the scene.
· Measures to save a person’s life and health during transportation to a medical institution.
· Providing adequate therapy in a medical facility.
First aid in case of an accident will be much more effective if you have a properly equipped first-aid kit. It should contain the following drugs:
· Potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate). This substance is used externally for rinsing the throat and oral cavity, as well as for washing abrasions and wounds (in this case, the solution should be pink).
Validol (tablets), which are placed under the tongue for pain in the heart.
· Five percent tincture of iodine, used externally as an effective antiseptic.
· Ammonia (ten percent), allowing to bring the victim to feelings
· Hemostatic tourniquet, used to temporarily stop bleeding from large arteries of the extremities.
· Bactericidal adhesive plaster.
The provision of first aid in road accidents in most cases is complicated by an unfavorable situation. It can be formed as a result of intense traffic, or, conversely, the lack of communication with the outside world, non-standard weather conditions (snow, rain, heat, severe frost). The provision of first aid in road accidents can also be complicated due to the severe deformation of the vehicle, and, consequently, the inability to reach the victims of the tragedy.
First of all, it is necessary to call medical specialists. This can be done by number 030 (for MTS subscribers), 003 (if you have Beeline), or 03-03-03 (for Megaphone). You can also dial a special number for emergency calls, consisting of three digits - 112, and you can make such a call in the absence of funds in the account and even without a SIM card.
First aid for an accident should be carried out by a person who is confident in their actions. If you do not know what to do, it is better not to take any actions yourself.
Recommendations
1. If the heartbeat is not heard , hit the sternum fist hard , if necessary, the effect can be repeated.
2. After you are convinced of the absence of vomit, food, etc. in the oral cavity, you can proceed to a closed massage of the heart, accompanied by artificial respiration (mouth to nose or mouth to mouth). Five heartbeats should be followed by one breath. You can continue until the arrival of an ambulance.
3. Try to remove the source of injury - car parts, fallen tree, cable. This event is aimed at eliminating further compression of soft tissues and additional damage.
4. It is necessary to give the victim a horizontal position if he has vomiting, dizziness, headache (all this may indicate a closed head injury).
5. If there is a suspicion of a spinal injury, it is forbidden to independently remove the victim from the car. The only thing you can do is set the seat in a horizontal position and give an anesthetic (for example, “Ketanov”).
6. With severe bleeding, a tourniquet must be applied (necessarily above the wound).
7. Damaged soft tissues are treated with a large amount of hydrogen peroxide (a cloth impregnated with this substance is simply applied to the lesion site). Cold can also be applied to the wound.