NSG of the brain of the newborn: decoding, norms

As soon as a child is born, all of his systems and organs adapt to new conditions of life, the functions of the body that are not previously used are activated, brain processes are activated. If any violations of these processes are suspected, an additional examination and, if necessary, treatment is necessary. The most effective method for detecting the pathology of the brain and the nervous system as a whole is neurosonography (NSG) of the brain of the newborn. This method allows from the very first days of life to detect diseases of the nervous system in children.

What is NHA?

NSG is, in fact, an ultrasound. NSH in newborns is an effective, informational hardware study. This method is available to newborn children because of the structural features of the bones of the skull. The fact is that they are not yet fully formed, and this physiological feature makes it possible to make NSG of the brain of newborns through overgrown fontanels.

The principle of conducting such a study is practically no different from ultrasound. Through the fontanelles (anterior large and posterior), ultrasonic waves are able to penetrate the brain of the child. The examination range is the greater, the less the fontanels drag out. NSG of the brain of newborns can be done from birth to one year. The ultrasonic waves used in the course of the study are absolutely harmless to babies. The sooner pathology is identified and treatment is started, the more favorable the prognosis for the baby.

Indications for the NHA procedure

This procedure is prescribed for suspected abnormalities associated with the work of the brain and the development of the nervous system or received after a head injury, for example, when passing through the birth canal. Today, NSH of the brain of newborns is one of the most effective methods for detecting various abnormalities associated with the nervous system. Indications for research can serve:

• Prematurity.
• Body mass deficiency.
• A newborn score on an Apgar scale of 7/7 or lower.
• Large child with a lot of weight.
• Intrauterine infections.
• Hypoxia
• Rhesus conflict.
• Anomalies of development.
• Injuries received by the child during childbirth.
• Swollen fontanelles (indicate high intracranial pressure).
• Head injuries household.
• Suspicion of neurological abnormalities, such as cerebral palsy.
• Clinic of neurological disorders.
• Deformations of the skull (non-standard form).
• Tumors and inflammatory processes.
• The presence of a burdened history.

Sometimes, in the absence of external signs, hidden pathologies are detected after ultrasound. NSH in newborns makes it possible to detect even the most minor deviations.

Do I need training?

This examination is absolutely harmless to the child. No preparation of the NSG of the brain of the newborn is required. The procedure is painless, it will not deliver discomfort to the baby. A mother can be present and ask a doctor questions that interest her.

If earlier, with suspicion of a pathology of the nervous system and with abnormalities in the brain activity of newborns, they had to undergo general anesthesia in order to immobilize the child and perform a tomography of the brain, then this is not required when carrying out NSG. The child can be awake and actively move - this does not interfere with the procedure.

What makes it possible to detect NSH of the brain of newborns?

A cyst is a pathology, which is a vascular plexus, resembling a bubble, inside of which there is a liquid. Brain cysts in newborns can form when passing through the birth canal. In this case, they usually resolve by themselves and do not require any treatment. If the reason for their formation is different, then this requires additional examination and appropriate treatment.

Increased intracranial pressure in newborns can be detected with the help of NSG. This study allows us to detect various abnormalities in the development of the brain caused by circulatory disorders or birth injuries.

Hypertension syndrome is a serious pathology that manifests itself in the displacement of one of the hemispheres. The cause may be a tumor, hemorrhage or a large cyst. Such a pathology requires an early visit to a specialist.

Intraventricular or parenchymal hemorrhages in newborns can also be detected using an NSG study. Intraventricular hemorrhages are more common in children with hypoxia or premature births. Parenchymal often develop in the fetus in utero. With this pathology, treatment begins immediately from the moment of birth.

Hydrocephalus is an increase in one or more ventricles of the brain. Such a pathology requires an urgent appeal to a neurologist and intensive care.

Serious disorders of the nervous system can be detected almost from the first days of life with the help of the NSC of the brain of newborns. Feedback from parents whose children, thanks to this study, were completely cured and did not become disabled from early childhood, indicate the advisability of carrying out the procedure in case of any suspicion. Experts are of the same opinion.

NSG for newborns. Decryption

Reading the transcript of this study is done exclusively by the doctor. In this case, all the nuances of labor are taken into account:

• How the birth took place - with or without complications.
• How long did they last.
• Does the fetus have hypoxia?
• Whether there were birth injuries in the newborn.
• Baby weight, etc.

Given all these data, the doctor makes a conclusion. In a study such as NSG in the brain of newborns, decoding data may be the norm for some babies, but not for others (taking into account complications during childbirth). The study evaluated the following data:

1. Symmetry or asymmetry of brain structures. Normally, there should be complete symmetry.
2. The clarity of the furrows and convolutions in the cerebral cortex.
3. Symmetry and homogeneity of the ventricles of the brain, anechogenicity. The presence of so-called flakes (seals) indicates hemorrhage.
4. Hypeechogenicity and homogeneity of vascular clusters.
5. Lack of leukomalacia (excessive softness of the structure of the brain substance).
6. The absence of cysts.

Normal values ​​of NSG

The norms of the sizes of some parts of the brain in children of the first days of life are taken into account for the study of NSG in newborns. They are reflected in the table below.

With age, normal indicators change, but the symmetrical development and uniformity of the structure of absolutely all parts of the brain is always the norm.

What to do when a pathology is detected?

If a pathology is detected, you should not panic right away. It will be most correct to immediately seek help from a pediatric neurologist. After all, the sooner they started treatment, the more favorable the prognosis for the baby. Often, pathology is completely treatable. And such a deviation, like a cyst, may not even require treatment at all. As a rule, neonatal brain cysts resolve on their own. Only observation is required.

Research cost

In various medical institutions, the price of research on the NSC of the brain of a newborn may vary slightly. Its approximate cost is 1000 rubles. If additional dopplerometry is performed, the price can be up to 1,500 rubles. An inexpensive study allows you to notice and eliminate serious problems associated with the health of the baby in time.