Blood pressure is one of the main indicators of the cardiovascular system. Its decrease or increase can significantly disrupt the flow of metabolic and physiological processes in the body. Doctors often come across a situation where the patient asks the question: if you are concerned about high lower blood pressure, what should I do? To solve the problem, it is important to identify the cause of such a pathology, and it can hide in a wide variety of diseases and conditions.
Norm for diastolic pressure
With the contraction of the ventricles, blood is expelled under pressure into a large circle of blood circulation. This is an indicator of systolic pressure, which in a person with a healthy heart ranges from 110-120 mm RT. Art. The lower (diastolic) pressure is formed when the heart muscle relaxes and depends on the tone of the vessels. Normally, indicators range from 60 to 90 mm Hg. Art. If they are exceeded, then it is believed that the lower blood pressure is high. The causes of this phenomenon must be established for therapy.
How pressure is classified
Depending on the difference between the norm and the indicators on the tonometer, there are:
- Hypertension of the I degree - indicators of lower pressure are 90-100 mm RT. Art.
- II degree - indicators are 100-110.
- If the pressure exceeds 110 mm Hg. Art., then diagnosed with hypertension of the III degree.
The danger of such a pathology lies in the fact that at the first stage of development, it does not manifest itself in any way. The patient begins to experience discomfort when the indicators are significantly higher than normal.
Confirmation of pressure problems
If there is a one-time jump in pressure, then you cannot immediately diagnose “Hypertension”. To confirm the pathology, it is necessary to regularly measure pressure, taking into account the following factors:
- A history of cardiovascular disease.
- General state of health.
- The time of day at which the measurement is taken. By evening, indicators may increase slightly.
- Taking medications that can affect your blood pressure.
- The use of stimulants.
If for a long time the numbers on the tonometer are higher than normal, then it is necessary to find out why the lower blood pressure is high. Doing this is best with your doctor.
Reasons for deviation from the norm of the lower pressure
What does high lower blood pressure mean? This signals that the heart is functioning normally, but the vascular system is malfunctioning. Indicators that exceed the norm may indicate primary pressure or symptomatic. The first is definitely hypertension, but it is not always possible to immediately identify this. The second form can be caused by the following reasons:
- Acquired and congenital heart disease.
- Thyroid disease. The production of vital hormones is disrupted, which necessarily affects the work of the heart muscle and other internal organs.
- Pathology of the kidneys and adrenal glands. That is why often lower blood pressure is called renal.
- The development of atherosclerosis, which leads to blockage of blood vessels. The disease is formed against a background of elevated blood cholesterol.
- Fluid retention in the body. It can be triggered by the abuse of salty foods, fatty and fried foods, smoking. Often water accumulates in the tissues during menstruation and during the period of gestation.
- A high lower blood pressure may be due to the development of an intervertebral hernia. Pathology provokes pinched nerve roots and blood vessels.
- A hereditary predisposition to pathologies of the heart and blood vessels cannot be ruled out.
- Lack of physical activity.
- Obesity.
The psycho-emotional state of a person also affects pressure indicators. Constant stresses provoke an adrenaline rush, which increases pressure indicators.
The reason for high lower blood pressure in men is often as follows:
- Reception of stimulants.
- Smoking a large number of cigarettes, which leads to vasospasm.
- Alcohol abuse. Ethyl alcohol negatively affects vascular tone.
High diastolic pressure, and upper normal
If the lower blood pressure is high, the reasons may be hidden in the great resistance of the vessels and in their spasmodic state. With prolonged vasoconstriction, organs and tissues begin to lack oxygen and nutrients. Isolated high diastolic pressure disrupts the entire body. Among the causes, serious kidney pathologies, pituitary diseases, hormonal disorders are distinguished.
Causes of High Lower Blood Pressure in Women
Representatives of the fair sex often turn to doctors with complaints of pressure surges. In a quarter of patients, deviations from the norm are formed against the background of the following reasons:
- Excess body weight.
- Lack of adequate physical activity.
- Frequent stress and anxiety.
- Hormonal disorders that are noted during pregnancy, during menopause.
Sometimes it’s difficult for a doctor to establish a reason if the general state of a woman’s health is good.
Increased diastolic pressure: symptoms
What causes the high lower blood pressure to be determined by the doctor, and you can suspect such a pathology by the following manifestations:
- Frequent headache, which intensifies with changing weather conditions.
- Dizziness with increasing pain.
- Pain and discomfort in the chest.
- Shortness of breath and shortness of breath.
- The heartbeat is quickening.
- Cold sweat comes out.
When such symptoms appear, it is necessary to measure the pressure, if the indicators are high, then you need to see a doctor.
Reducing performance without pills
Why it is necessary to find out the high lower blood pressure with a doctor, and when there are signs of pathology, it is important to quickly help a person. If there are no medicines at hand, then you can use the following recommendations:
- Take a horizontal position.
- Wrap ice from the freezer in a cloth and place it on the neck.
- After a couple of minutes, remove the cold and massage.
- You can click on the area of the hollow under the earlobes and drag it to the collarbone. Repeat several times.
These methods do not exclude medical consultation and serious treatment, but will help to alleviate the condition a bit before the doctor arrives.
Drug therapy
If the lower blood pressure is high, treatment should be started with medication to quickly normalize the indicators. Doctors in such situations prescribe drugs from the following groups:
- Beta blockers. Normalize pressure indicators, regulating the work of the heart muscle. Drugs from this group eliminate oxygen starvation and relax muscles. Muscle tone is restored and blood flow stabilizes, which leads to a decrease in blood pressure to normal.
- Calcium antagonists. Medicines from this group are often prescribed for hypertension against a background of a heart attack or in an advanced stage of the disease.
The causes of high lower blood pressure in women and men must be clarified, ignoring the problem can result in the development of serious complications.
Of the effective drugs to reduce pressure, you can use the following:
- "Concor." Refers to beta-blockers, quickly normalizes the pulse and heart rate. The course of taking tablets reduces the likelihood of developing a heart attack. The drug quickly exerts its therapeutic effect, is well absorbed into the blood. But you can not abruptly stop taking because of the development of serious exacerbations.
- Carvedilol. Most often prescribed in combination with calcium antagonists. The drug is perfectly absorbed into the bloodstream in the digestive system. Cannot be used in the presence of heart failure.
- Verapamil. Reduces lower blood pressure, prevents the development of arrhythmias and ischemia of the heart muscle. The advantage of the drug is its positive effect on the kidneys, and the low bioavailability can be attributed to the minuses, it is only about 10-20%.
Given that high lower pressure is often associated with kidney pathologies, diuretics are prescribed:
- "Hypothiazide." The medicine accelerates the withdrawal of sodium, potassium and chlorine ions, but maintains an acid-base balance. The drug is taken before meals, and the effect is noticeable after 2 hours.
- "Spironolactone." A light long-acting drug. Persistent therapeutic effect is observed after 3-5 days of treatment. The advantages of the drug include the fact that it is allowed to be used in combination therapy with other drugs to lower blood pressure. But there are significant drawbacks: a long course of treatment in men weakens an erection, and in women disrupts the monthly cycle.
- Ditek. Diuretic with a slight diuretic effect. After administration, a long-term effect of the drug is observed, which allows to reduce the dosage and frequency of administration. But the medicine can provoke the development of side effects in the form of kidney damage, calcium deposition in the renal tubules.
Once the causes of high lower blood pressure are clarified and treatment is prescribed, it is important to strictly follow the doctor's recommendations. With such a pathology, self-medication is dangerous to health.
Hypertension Diet
Regardless of the cause of high lower blood pressure, you should reconsider your diet. Proper nutrition will help restore metabolism and protect the body from the negative effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Nutrition recommendations can be given as follows:
- Add fresh vegetables and fruits to the menu.
- On the table should be present dairy and lactic acid products.
- Exclude smoked meats, marinades.
- Reduce salt intake.
- Dishes should be cooked in a boiled form, baked. Exclude fried and smoked foods.
- Eat garlic daily.
- Exclude alcoholic beverages.
- Coffee and strong tea should be replaced with green, decoctions of medicinal herbs, fruit drinks and freshly squeezed juices.
Proper nutrition will help maintain normal blood pressure.
Traditional medicine recipes for high blood pressure
Folk remedies can be included in the complex therapy, as auxiliary, but before you start taking it, you must coordinate this point with your doctor. Despite the relative safety of medicinal herbs, they can provoke a serious allergic reaction.
Such treatment may not eliminate the causes of high lower blood pressure, but it will weaken the symptoms. Popular and effective recipes include the following.
Tincture on pine cones. To prepare it you need:
- Take 3 medium-sized cones and put in a glass bowl.
- Add half a liter of vodka.
- Add 15 ml of liquid valerian and a tablespoon of sugar to the composition.
- Close the jar and leave in a cool place for 14 days.
- Strain, keep in the refrigerator.
- Take 15 ml before bedtime until the tincture is completely consumed.
Infusion of chokeberry. The tool can be used only in the absence of problems with blood and a tendency to thrombosis. The therapeutic composition is prepared as follows:
- Grind 250 grams of chokeberry berries.
- Pour boiling water with a half liter.
- Cook for 5 minutes, and then strain.
- Add honey in an amount of 30 grams and remove to insist for a week in a dark and cool place.
- Consume 100 ml twice daily.
- During therapy, strictly follow a diet with the exception of animal fats.
Infusion of peony. For cooking you need:
- Take 1 tablespoon of dried flowers of the plant.
- Pour a glass of boiling water.
- Leave on fire for a few minutes.
- Strain and after cooling can be taken.
- It is recommended to drink 20 ml on an empty stomach before meals 3 times a day.
Infusion of motherwort. Preparing a drug is simple:
- Take 2 tablespoons of dry motherwort.
- Pour 500 ml of boiling water.
- Leave for 20 minutes to insist.
- Take during the day in small portions.
Infusion of valerian roots. To prepare, you need:
- Take 1 tablespoon of the roots of the plant.
- Pour a glass of boiling water.
- Put in a thermos and leave overnight for insisting.
- In the morning, strain and consume a tablespoon 3-4 times a day after meals.
Any folk recipes act gently, so for a lasting therapeutic effect, therapy should be carried out for a long time. It is necessary to check with your doctor how much medicines prescribed for pressure are combined with herbal infusions and decoctions.
What is the danger of high pressure?
With minor deviations from the norm, you can not panic, it is enough to normalize the lifestyle, reconsider nutrition and physical activity, and everything comes back to normal. But with persistent and prolonged deviations from the norm, urgent measures must be taken.
The danger of high lower blood pressure, the doctor will explain, but each patient must understand that isolated hypertension harms the work of the whole organism. The consequences of such a pathology can be as follows:
- Deterioration of permeability of blood vessels.
- Violation of blood flow in the tissues of the brain.
- Lack of oxygen and nutrients for brain cells.
- Gradual wear of the heart and the whole body.
- Increased risk of stroke and heart attack.
- The development of atherosclerosis.
- Decreased vision.
- Exacerbation of chronic diseases.
The sooner the patient pays attention to unpleasant symptoms and visits a specialist, the sooner the cause will be identified and treatment will be prescribed. At the initial stage of development, isolated hypertension lends itself well to therapy.