This article will consider material devoted to what particles are written through a hyphen in the Russian language. The material for separate writing of this part of speech will also be analyzed in detail. In addition, many examples will be given that will allow a more detailed discussion of this topic.
The Russian language is diverse and flexible. It is interesting to study, to possess this knowledge is pleasant. Forget about the difficulties of studying, let's move up, step by step ... So, we will begin consideration of a difficult and very interesting topic.
The concept of a particle and the definition of a hyphen
In our colloquial speech, particles are used to convey emotions and stronger meanings. There are many of them in Russian, so it is so important to know the rules for writing this element of the language. First, what is hidden behind this definition in writing?
This is the auxiliary part of the word, thanks to which you can add additional emotional and semantic information to speech, text, sentence. Which particles are written with a hyphen, and which ones separately? First of all, we will understand what a hyphen is.
A hyphen is a short dash. In a letter, the length of this dash is conventionally shorter than the dash. It is also used in writing as a hyphen or as a connecting line between parts of a compound word or words. If there is a need to transfer a word from one line to another, then it must be put on the first line at the end of the first part of the word.
Particle Hyphenation
The following particles are written through a hyphen in the Russian language (or there is another name - affixes): -de, some-, -ka, koy-, either, -tka, -nibud, -tko, -s.
I’ll see, without fail, I will convey to him a greeting from you.
Look, be kind, under the table.
Somewhere on the paper it is written, somehow it will be read.
Something that I said was misinterpreted.
You can see, even rather hear the emotionally enhanced meaning of what was said, you can also see which particles are written through a hyphen. Examples of this have been given above.
A particle "taki" is written with a hyphen only if it appears after a verb or adverb in a sentence: nevertheless, again, it did. That is, through the hyphen with the words the particle is "taki" in combination with one of the previously indicated parts of speech. But in all other cases it is written separately. We give two examples of a comparative nature:
In the first case, the part of speech under consideration is placed after the verb, therefore we put a hyphen in the letter, and in the second case “the same” appears before the verb, so a short line is not put.
"Conversational particles"
In colloquial speech, you can find particles that are less often than others used in writing. For example, "de", which is used if they want to convey the speech of another or a stranger. It is written without fail through a hyphen. Or it can be used in the meaning of the verb "speak" ("speak"). Also used in the meaning: they say, they say. Let's consider an example of particles through a hyphen.
And tell me, dear sir, where did you find such shoes?
In the above example, one can see how, with the help of this part of the speech, the conversation of the absent person is transmitted and, of course, it is separated by a hyphen in the letter.
Particle "ka"
We continue to analyze the topic: “What particles are written with a hyphen?”. Now let us turn our attention to the side of such an element of this part of speech, which occurs quite often and consists of two letters: “ka”. Particle ka is hyphenated with indefinite pronouns and adverbs.
Here are some examples:
- Tell me, my dear, this story again.
- Show me your hands.
If you have met this part of speech in such a performance, you can safely put a short line, since it is always written through it and without any possible exceptions.
Particle "that"
In most cases, the “then” particle is hyphenated. Of course, there are possible exceptions when this element of the part under consideration is written without a hyphen. Let us consider in more detail all cases.
The “that” particle is used not only to give emotionality to what has been said, but also to express the speaker’s uncertainty. Using a short line, she joins adverbs and pronouns. For example: “Let's see how he will worry about me somehow.” In such cases, the “then” particle should be written through a hyphen.
Examples of offers
Let us pay attention to a special case, if "then" is a part of a compound word, then a hyphen is placed only before it, and after it - no.
Alexander with my elder sister had shura.
Just exactly the same, but you have nothing to say.
Let us pay attention to one more case when "that" is written separately. If a sentence enumerates homogeneous members of a given sentence, in this case the “then” particle is written without a hyphen. Here, the semantic meaning of this official part of the word should be equated in meaning to the word "namely." Here is a simple example.
In our favorite store we can find a variety of food products, such as: milk, bread, fruits, vegetables, fish, pickles.
Separate Particle Writing
In a wide variety of this part there are elements that do not use the spelling mark when writing. So, this: would (b), same (g), whether (e). A hyphen does not spell a hyphen. We give the following examples.
- I would read, but laziness to me.
- If this were done, then there would be a complete order.
- It is also written in black and white.
- What a stubborn person you are.
- However, it’s time to start the business.
- I’m unlikely to call you.
- You can hardly do it.
We have just noted that "same" ("g") is written separately, you should remember the exception to the rule: "so-and-so" is written through a double hyphen.
It can be seen from the above examples that no hyphen is used in any sentence.
But the rule does not apply to cases when a particle is part of the word. It is “to,” “also,” “too,” “really,” or “or.” In order to understand how to write a particle - together or separately, it is necessary to read the text and mentally flip the particle. If the meaning of the sentence does not change, then we write it separately and without a hyphen, and if the semantic meaning has changed and the text has become unreadable, then we write the particles together without a hyphen. Consider the following sentences as an example.
- It seemed to me that it was good and funny written, I had to work a lot.
In the above example, using the verification rule, we can understand that the particle is written together.
Also, the following parts of the word are written separately: they say, after all, there, even, here.
Examples.
- So he doesn’t even know how to write and read.
- Over there around the corner you can see this lane.
- And so they become champions.
- Even he knew these rules.
- He brought, they say, and tells me to sign a contract.
The following group of particles should be classified as “remember”: exactly the same thing, the same thing.
Examples: which particles are hyphenated and which are not
- I can’t sleep, you know, you’ll allow me to talk with you a little (M. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita").
In this context, the spelling of "without" without a hyphen is shown.
Seeing Elena, Tolik became very pale, stepped over the hill and, looking for some reason to the side, thought.
Here's an example of spelling "that" with a hyphen.
Come see the beauty to me, sit next to me.
In this sentence, we see the spelling of the particle "ka" through a hyphen.
This decision was still the most correct. Further developments only confirmed this.
Particle Writing: An Example
After all, there were glorious times when we achieved everything and there were no barriers for us in achieving our goals.
Demonstration of separate (without hyphen) spelling of the particle "g".
In his opinion, she was not yet ready and is unlikely to withstand such loads.
In this sentence, the particle “li” is written separately.
Igor did not decide to go straight to work early in the morning.
Conclusion
Summing up the above, I would like to note that in this article such cases were considered: "What particles are written through a hyphen?" Exceptions to the rules are highlighted. The rules for separate writing of particles were also described, various examples of writing this part of speech with a hyphen and without it are given.
The basis is the rules that need to be learned and put into practice, if necessary. Moreover, they do not differ in the increased level of complexity and each of them can deal with them.