For most people, the word "exam" is something very disturbing and intimidating. Thinking of him, everyone imagines a terrible examiner, tickets and an unknown task hidden in him. This suspense scares many people. But passing the exam is not as scary as many imagine. This is just a procedure for testing knowledge on a particular subject or field. So that this word does not cause negative emotions, we will try to figure out what this process is and how to properly prepare for it without psychological experiences.
What is an exam?
So, analyzing the word itself, it is worth saying that it came from the Latin word examen, which in translation means a test. That is, in other words, an exam is a test of your skills. Over the years, they have not found a better way to test human knowledge. After all, with the help of such a procedure, you can check anything: memory, logic, and quick wit. Of course, every year humanity improves and comes up with new methods of verification, but the principle remains the same. The main goal of the procedure itself is to determine the quality and quantity of knowledge in a particular area. For this, different types of exams have been developed.
Types of Exams
Whether it is an exam in the Russian language or in mathematics, for each subject there are variations of the verification procedure. The most common are:
- ticket exam;
- interview
- seminar;
- paperwork;
- testing;
- computer check.
Speaking of exams, most often we imagine an educational institution. And this is true, because it is there that periodic inspections and control of knowledge are most often carried out. Although not only. For example, when obtaining a driver’s license, the driver must also pass an exam, and this is also a test of his knowledge of traffic rules. Or it’s very fashionable in modern organizations to test their employees from time to time in order to stimulate them to gain new knowledge. But we will nevertheless turn our attention to educational institutions, as places where exams are held most often.
The ticket exam is one of the most common types. This is a kind of lottery. You can pull out a difficult ticket, or you can, on the contrary, get a few easy questions. The procedure itself consists in the fact that the examiner must draw out one of the offered tickets, and after some preparation give an answer to all his questions.
The interview does not imply a random choice of topic, but a more complete check of everything that has been studied throughout the course. The examiner conducts a conversation with the student and during the course of it asks various questions that he wants to get the right answers to.
A seminar is not an individual, but a collective process of communication, when the teacher talks to several students at once and during the conversation reveals the degree of development and depth of knowledge of the examinees. Usually this takes place in the form of a round table where everyone talks and exchanges views.
Written work, of course, is written on a special leaflet or form. Usually all students sit in the same room, they are given a task and the time for its completion is announced. After the lapse of time, everyone hands over the work.
Testing is also a written work, but only instead of the open answer to the question here, you just need to choose the correct answer from the proposed options. It is usually written on a ready-made form, where you just need to put a check mark next to the correct answer.
Testing can take place not only in writing, but also performed on computers. Specially designed programs help in our time to conduct such an exam in any subject. For a certain time, the student simply has to answer questions by making the right choice. The computer itself scores.
Benefits
It is logical that, depending on the subject, the optimal form and form of the exam is chosen. After all, for example, an exam in the Russian language is more correct to take in writing, but the story can be completely taken both in writing and orally. Of course, each exam has its pros and cons. Let us dwell on the pros of each of them in more detail:
- The ticket exam does not require special preparation from the teacher, and the student knows in advance what questions may be on the tickets. This makes it possible to carefully prepare for it.
- The interview allows the student to show a creative approach to the subject, apply logic, ingenuity, and helps the teacher to test knowledge more extensively.
- A written exam gives a person the opportunity to calmly reflect on the answer.
- The seminar helps those who know the topic to navigate the process worse, relying on the answers of others, and still participate in the general discussion.
- Testing always implies the ability to guess the right option, although it is better not to count on it.
- Computer verification facilitates the work of the teacher and eliminates the factor of emotional assessment of the student in one direction or another. After all, the computer does not have pets.
disadvantages
Naturally, an exam is not only one positive factor. Each of them has its own minuses.
- When you pull out a ticket, you limit yourself to choosing a topic. You must adhere to only those topics that are indicated on the ticket. And if you're out of luck, it doesn't matter how well you know other topics.
- Interviewing requires tremendous emotional cost from both the teacher and the student.
- Written work does not make it possible to correct his answer, as this can be done orally, having recovered on time.
- The seminar does not always provide an opportunity to reveal the abilities of absolutely all subjects. There is also a chance that some students simply simply get lost in the general discussion, or are embarrassed to express an opinion.
- The disadvantage of tests is that he is not always able to reveal all the skills of the student. Where a broader answer is needed, only the dry answer “a” or “b” is selected. And this does not suit so many teachers. There is also an opportunity to write off.
- The same can be said about computer verification, only without the ability to write off, because basically these tests pass individually.
Purpose of
Depending on where and why the test is conducted, different exam formats are distinguished. So, at the end of a certain institution, students pass the final exam in one or more subjects. If this is an exam after grade 11, then they will pass a single state exam established by the norms of the ministry. When entering an educational institution, you need to pass an entrance exam. If we talk about the learning process itself, then when moving from one class to another or from one course to another, transfer exams are taken. Pupils, for example, pass the exam of the State Examination after the 9th grade.
When did the exams
Both written and oral exams have been around for a very long time. It is generally accepted that they appeared as a form of control back in the 19th century. After the revolution in 1917, the exams were canceled, but after they were reintroduced, since nothing more effective was found. It was decided to conduct an examination after each class, plus admission to the university. Since then, the education system has undergone many changes. Reforms changed the types and forms of control. And in 2007, it was decided to conduct a single exam throughout the country.
OGE exam
All students from grade 5 already know what tests await them throughout their studies at school. The first such test is exams in grade 9. This is the main state exam, which is required. For some, it is intermediate before going to 10th grade, while others need it for admission to secondary specialized institutions such as a technical school or college. This exam is very similar to the one that children will need to pass after grade 11, namely the exam.
State exam
The main goal of the unified exam is to create equal opportunities for all students to enter higher education institutions. All tasks are designed the same, with the same level of difficulty. Scoring is carried out according to a single system. There is no opportunity to juggle the results, since all work is encrypted. The fact that all students know in advance that they have to pass this exam makes them more responsible in their studies and prepare for this.
How to prepare for the exam
You already realized that an exam is not always scary. Responsible? Yes. But you should not bring yourself and the child to a nervous breakdown on the eve of the exam. You pass exams in grade 9 or 11, it doesn’t matter. Approach this process calmly and responsibly, and you will have no problems.
The examiner must prepare in advance for verification. If necessary, seek the help of specialists, tutors. Periodically checking yourself, analyze the degree of preparedness. And the most important thing is to tune in mentally to success, try not to be nervous both the day before and on the exam itself. After all, a nervous state prevents a person from concentrating. And remember, nothing will stop you from passing the exam well if you really know the subject.