Questions of the country's economic development concern many of its citizens. During the crisis, the situation of ordinary people worsens, which forces them to look at the political Olympus and ask who is responsible for this state of affairs. And then the confusion begins. Some point to the president, others claim that the government is engaged in the economy. Which of them is right? To understand, let's look at who appoints the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation. In any case, it is this official who makes decisions that affect our lives.
We study the document base
When it comes to the distribution of powers between the first persons of the state, one should rely on the basic law. This is true for all democracies; Russia is no exception. About who appoints the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation is described in detail in article 111 of the Constitution. This section of the basic law consists of four points, which we will study in detail using the tips of experienced lawyers. Toropygam immediately say that the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation is appointed by the President of the Russian Federation with the consent of the State Duma. This is an almost complete quotation from this article of the Constitution. It contains a “step-by-step instruction” of the actions of state institutions involved in the process under study. The fact is that only at first glance it’s easy to talk about who appoints the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation. In fact, in this matter there are many nuances that need to be clarified in order to get to the bottom of the matter. The head of government in a democracy has a number of powers, the execution of which depends on reaching consensus in society. But this question is not for today's consideration, we are studying the law.
Who appoints the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation
In the issue of choosing a prime minister, the initiative belongs to the president. The Constitution stipulates the period when the first person of the country is obliged to voice his proposal. For thought, the President of the Russian Federation is given exactly two weeks. During this time, he is obliged to submit his candidacy to the State Duma. There are two cases when the head of government changes. They are as follows:
- The inauguration of the new president of the Russian Federation.
- The resignation of the old prime minister.
In the first case, a two-week period is counted from the day of the inauguration. Although in practice, any person fighting for the right to lead Russia already has candidates for the main positions. In the second case, two weeks for reflection are counted from the day the old head of the executive branch resigned.
State Duma Responsibilities
Let's go through the procedure in order not to miss a single nuance. When the president made his proposal, the State Duma, guided by art. 137 of its Rules, is obliged to organize hearings. The candidate will be offered to submit his program to parliament. That is, our chosen ones will hear this person, evaluate his opinion on the prospects for the development of the state, questions will be asked and the like. The State Duma has a week to do this “interrogation”. The deputies will make the decision only after the candidate’s views on one of the top posts become clear to them. The State Duma has only two options: to agree with the opinion of the President of the Russian Federation or refuse. In the first case, the candidate is appointed by decree of the head of the country; in the second, the next paragraph of Art. 111 of the Constitution. He explains how the president should proceed. He is given a week to propose the next candidate. She is again heard and questioned and the like, right up to the decision. In total, the President of the Russian Federation can propose three candidates for approval by the State Duma.
On the responsibility of deputies
People's deputies, of course, have fairly broad powers, including on the issue under study. Coordinating the candidacy of the head of the executive branch, they share responsibility to the people for their work with the president of the Russian Federation. However, doubting too long is risky for them. The fact is that a three-fold rejection of the proposals of the President of the Russian Federation ends with the dissolution of the State Duma. According to paragraph 4 of the specified article of the fundamental law, the head of state is obliged to announce the calling of new elections if the deputies have not been able to resolve the issue of the prime minister. That is, the deputies have a difficult task, they need to think about the country and not forget about their own fate.
As it was before?
In fact, the process by which the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation is appointed today has always been approximately the same, however, there are nuances. So, before the adoption of the latest version of the Constitution, if the parliament refused to agree on the head of the executive branch, then the first person in the state appointed the sole acting person. Again, he could initiate the appointment of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation (then it was called the Council of Ministers) in three months. The subtlety here was two points. First, the executive branch worked, regardless of the existence of a consensus between government institutions. Secondly, there was no provision on the mandatory dissolution of the representative body. It was believed that both of these nuances are undemocratic, as they can give unnecessary powers to the head of the country. The creators of the new edition of the Constitution took this into account when they prescribed the procedure by which the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation is appointed to the post.
Subtleties of voting
In the State Duma, the issue is decided by a simple majority. The Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation is agreed upon if more than 50% of the deputies cast their votes for him. The procedure is drawn up by the relevant document, which is transmitted to the President of the Russian Federation. By the way, the vote is secret. That is, the opinion of each deputy is not made public, is not reflected in the statistics.
Innovations
The appointment of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation is carried out by the president taking into account the opinion of the deputies. In order to prevent unrest in society, in 1993 the voting procedure was slightly improved. This is the so-called soft rating vote. The procedure is somewhat different from that which is fixed in the Constitution, but does not contradict it. The head of state invites deputies to evaluate several candidates. After studying the opinions of the deputies, only one candidate with the highest rating is put to the vote. The letter of the law is respected. But before the official determination of the candidate, a survey is being conducted that allows elites to come to a consensus without scandals in society. With such a development of events, the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation receives the support of the deputy corps, which allows him to work more efficiently. And this is extremely important for the whole country and the peoples living in it.
Powers of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation
It will seem to people who have never encountered the activities of government agencies that the subtleties described above are not of serious importance. However, it is not. The head of the executive branch of the Russian Federation is a political figure. This person affects the development of the whole country, the situation of the population, the growth or decline of the economy and other important points depend on its decisions. In addition, traditionally all the cones are thrown on the head of the executive branch. YES. Medvedev, Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, of course, does not deal with minor issues. There are local officials for this. The Prime Minister organizes the work of state bodies. This is his main task. He carries out general management of all executive structures created for the development of the country, with the exception of specialized ones. The list of his duties does not look impressive, if you look at the official version. Attention should be paid to the point saying that the Prime Minister is entrusted with the participation in the definition and implementation of public policy. This phrase describes the complex work of thousands of people in organizing the life of the country. According to statistics, more than 146 million people live in Russia. Everyone has their own needs. Some require work, others require social benefits, and others require the development of technology, culture, education, healthcare, and so on. All these issues are addressed by the government. And its chairman is responsible for each federal civil servant and his activities. The Prime Minister reports on his work to the President of the Russian Federation and the deputies, and people send him complaints and requests. It is the center of a huge executive mechanism.
Conclusion
The appointment of the prime minister is a political process. The person holding this position must meet the high requirements of time. The situation on the planet is changing rapidly, and this must be taken into account in order to develop the country. In addition, the candidacy should suit all participants in the political process, and for this reason the appointment procedure was so strictly prescribed in the Constitution. All its stages are aimed at developing a consensus solution that suits the society.