This examination method is widely used in modern medicine. MRI helps detect pathological changes in many organs . For those who do not know how MRI is decrypted, this is magnetic resonance imaging. Let us consider in more detail what constitutes a procedure and what it is used for.
MRI - how the word stands for
MRI ( magnetic resonance imaging) is a modern high-tech non - beam method used to diagnose various pathologies of tissues and internal organs.
Without resorting to internal intervention, with MRI there is the possibility of obtaining a highly informative image of any body structures, including in three-dimensional projections.
The advantage of the examination is its complete safety, ionizing radiation is completely excluded here. Diagnosis is even for pregnant women and young children.
Medicine has gained wide opportunities in diagnosis due to the use of MRI. In order for the result to be of high quality, during the examination, the patient must clearly follow the doctor's instructions . MR is decrypted , the specialist knows, he takes into account the data of other studies and anamnesis.
Key Indications for MRI
In the following conditions, it is recommended to conduct an examination on an MRI device:
n disturbances in blood circulation;
defects in development;
various tumor processes;
monitoring the patient after surgery or during therapy;
degenerative, demyelinating changes;
arteriovenous malformations , aneurysms, thrombosis, vascular stenosis, various vascular pathologies;
inflammatory processes;
chronic, acute sinusitis;
previous injuries;
arthrosis, bursitis, arthritis;
compression of the spinal cord, roots of the spinal nerves;
heart defects, ischemic disease, myocardial infarction;
damage to tendons, ligaments, joints, menisci, nerve endings, muscles;
pathology of the pelvis, abdominal organs.
If the doctor identifies the patient as any of the above conditions, he directs the patient to an MRI for a reliable examination. After
how the MRI stands for exact diagnosis.
Benefits of MRI
In medicine, the advantage of MRI is given in the diagnosis of soft tissue pathologies. The examination was widely used in oncology, in the diagnosis of diseases of the brain, spine, as well as in angiology and some other areas of medicine. The key advantages of this method are:
there is no radiation exposure when compared with a CT scan;
the method is highly informative in the diagnosis of tumor development in the early stages;
high-quality image is possible without the use of contrast ;
the examination clarifies not only the structure, but also the functional parameters (speed of blood flow, cerebrospinal fluid, activation of the cerebral cortex). How MRI stands for these indicators, a trained specialist knows.
MRI is practically not used in the diagnosis of pathologies of the lungs, intestines, stomach and bones.
How is the examination
Special training for MRI in most cases is not required. The exception is abdominal MRI.
Before undergoing the procedure, the doctor asks the patient to remove all objects from metal (buttons, jewelry, etc.), as they will adversely affect the quality of the examination.
The patient passes into the research room, where he is placed in a special tube. In some devices, you can stand during the study, but the image quality is lower.
During the procedure, it is possible to talk with the doctor through the intercom , he carefully monitors the patient with the help of video equipment.
For the highest quality image, the main requirement is complete stillness. The process takes about half an hour.
Contrast media may be used to more clearly address some areas.
When examining some patients, noise is disturbing, this is the norm in the operation of the technique. You can use headphones to eliminate discomfort.
Some experience claustrophobia, such patients are recommended to conduct an examination in an open type apparatus.
If the examination is carried out in newborns, young children, the doctor uses short-term anesthesia, because it is difficult for children to remain motionless.
Those who are worried before the procedure, have any negative experience, can take mild sedatives to calm them down.
Contraindications MRI
Although an MRI scan is a fairly safe procedure, there are still a number of contraindications:
the presence of a pacemaker in the patient;
metal plates, any fragments, Ilizarov apparatus ;
some implants in the middle ear;
examination is not recommended for patients with an unstable mentality;
pregnant women in the first trimester - there is still no information on how magnetic fields affect the development of the fetus;
coma or severe illness (decompensation stage);
the presence of tattoos if any metal-based dyes are contained .
if a contrast agent is used, then allergic reactions to the constituent components also apply to contraindications.
How MRI stands for medicine
The results of an MRI scan come in as layered images. You can immediately see them on the monitor, they are recorded on the disk that the patient receives along with the pictures.
The main diagnostic factor is the interpretation of the results. This is not an easy process that requires special knowledge . How MRI of the brain or other organ is deciphered , only a professional knows.
Correct interpretation of the result, along with other indicators from the medical history, enable the doctor to establish an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the correct effective treatment.
In some cases, in order to interpret the results of MRI, some patients receive remote consultation via the Internet.
If the case is complex, controversial, the doctor makes several images from different angles, so the picture becomes more complete and reliable . The diagnosis is more accurate.
As for the length of the decryption, it takes much longer than the examination itself. For example, MRI of the brain is deciphered for about an hour and a half.
Can I decrypt myself
MRI is the most accurate diagnostic method. The patient receives black-and-white photographs, as well as recordings on digital media. In addition, with the images issued by experts, which is written on the basis of the study.
Some are wondering how the MRI of the brain is deciphered independently. In fact, it takes a long time to learn. You can, of course, try to study the reference books, medical atlases, catalogs, but the full picture of the decryption is subject only to the specialist, only the smallest problems in the pictures are visible to his eye.
It is only possible to see a major pathology on your own, if it is pronounced. But never try to diagnose yourself. The human body is a complex structure and any self-medication can only harm your health.
Decoding of MRI is impossible without experience, special education. For the correct diagnosis, moreover, additional studies may be required.
Decoding of MRI of the brain
Brain MRI results in layered images. If someone thinks how to decipher the MRI of the brain themselves , we repeat - do not do this. The diagnostic doctor will do this, he will carefully examine the result and draw up a diagnostic report. Only a qualified specialist will correctly and objectively decrypt the picture, correlate the description with the clinical picture.
The doctor will study and determine in detail what are the sizes of the bones, blood vessels, the presence of foci with fluid, see possible neoplasms and foreign bodies. The presented picture correlates with the norms (for different age groups they are different).
Possible deviations that the diagnostician can detect in the pictures:
To identify such pathologies, you must be qualified, so do not think about how to decipher the MRI of the brain yourself, but entrust the process to the doctor.
All examination results are recorded in an encryption sheet, which is fixed on the medical record.
To perform an MRI, refer only to professionals, even a small oversight in the transcript during diagnosis can play a huge role not in your favor. The MRI method reveals various diseases at the earliest stages, and this is a guarantee of a successful cure.
Decoding MRI of the spine
How is the MRI of the spine deciphered ? After the images are taken, using a special viewing program , the radiologist makes a visual assessment of the examination and forms an expert opinion. The results are taken out on photo paper, X-ray film, on digital media, given to the patient. Pictures and expert opinion are also recorded in the medical history .
The patient learns about the results within 1-2 hours. In an individual interview, the radiologist can conduct a consultation, indicate the pathologies found, special moments, tell you what you need to pay attention to and which specialist to seek help from. After the pictures are studied, the radiologist interprets the result, draws up a conclusion, presents it to the attending physician.
If the patient needs additional research, the doctor directly explains his cause .
Decoding abdominal MRI
MRI of the abdominal cavity allows you to assess the condition of internal organs, to determine the spread and nature of the pathogenic process. In this case, it is possible to accurately establish the diagnosis and start treatment in a timely manner, preventing the development of any complications. MRI allows you to track the size of tumors in oncology. Identify timely metastases, new lesions, draw up a plan of surgical intervention.
Decoding of MRI is the most important factor on which the accuracy of diagnosis depends. This process is quite complicated, and how an MRI of the abdomen is deciphered is precisely known by a specialist who has deep medical knowledge of human anatomy and the characteristics of the disease. The radiologist usually has experience in decoding on ultrasound and X-ray machines , and, moreover , undergoes special training courses.
If controversial, complex cases arise during decryption, several image interpretations are used . At present, other specialists can be involved remotely . There is a "second medical opinion" service. Large medical portals on the Internet attract leading experts from all over Russia , as well as from abroad. The importance of such a project is obvious, especially for small towns, where the shortage of specialists is very noticeable.
Differences between MRI and CT
How MR and CT are deciphered and how these types of examinations differ.
CT (computed tomography) - this examination is carried out using x-rays. The difference from a conventional X-ray examination, where a two-dimensional image is displayed on a plate or film - with computed tomography, the image is three-dimensional. The fact is that the apparatus is designed so that a person is inside the apparatus in an annular circuit. Images of organs are taken from different angles, from different points, images are processed and a three-dimensional picture is obtained.
The principle of obtaining images on MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is the same. The difference is in the nature of the waves. Pr and MRI uses electromagnetic waves.
The main differences between examinations in the rays, as well as the fact that each method in its own way better identifies one or another pathology.