Urolithiasis, or urolithiasis, occurs at any age. Contrary to popular belief, teenagers and even children can also develop kidney stones. The reasons for their appearance are metabolic disorders in combination with other factors: for example, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, inflammatory processes in the kidneys and genitals. So, urolithiasis in men often develops against the background of chronic prostatitis, prostate adenoma, in women - adnexitis. Long-term, long-term violation of the drinking regime can also lead to the formation of kidney stones - to avoid this, it is recommended to drink at least two liters of fluid per day. Drinking water must be soft, boiled or filtered, since the use of hard water also leads to the formation of salts and kidney stones.
Kidney stones, the reasons for the formation of which are quite diverse, can also appear as a result of an ill-conceived diet. For example, products containing oxalic acid (fruits, berries, sorrel), especially in combination with calcium-rich cottage cheese, cheese and other dairy products, can cause oxalate calculi to be deposited in the kidneys. Those with this type of stone should reduce their intake of these foods.
The formation of urate stones, in the presence of a predisposition (metabolic disorders of uric acid, also manifested by gout), can provoke an excess of purines in food - they are found in meat, fish and legumes. By-products (kidneys, liver) are especially dangerous in this regard. Accordingly, urate kidney stones, the reasons for the deposition of which are the increased concentration of uric acid in the body , require minimizing these products in the diet.
Phosphate kidney stones are formed due to an alkaline reaction of urine, namely an excessive concentration of calcium and phosphorus in it. Violation of the exchange of these elements, in turn, can be caused by various reasons: hypervitaminosis D, diseases of the parathyroid gland, excessive intake of calcium - for example, with mineral water or as part of medications. Accordingly, those who have found this type of calculus should completely exclude the use of calcium-rich dairy products. Meat and fish must be eaten in larger quantities than usual: these products have the property of acidifying urine.
As you can see, the causes of kidney stones are quite diverse. In general, they can be conditionally divided into three groups: metabolic disorders of certain substances, infectious and inflammatory diseases, increased urine concentration - for example, in violation of the water-drinking regime or urination. Urolithiasis is very insidious and often for many years does not manifest itself: in many cases, the patient until a certain moment does not even suspect that he has kidney stones. The reasons why they first make themselves felt can be quite commonplace - even ordinary hypothermia can provoke an exacerbation of the disease.
When the stones move from place to place, there is a severe pain attack - renal colic. The pain can be so unbearable that patients are taken to the "ambulance" in the hospital. In many cases, this is how urolithiasis manifests itself for the first time and the presence of kidney stones becomes a complete surprise to the patient. In addition, with urolithiasis, painful, rapid urination and blood in the urine can be observed. These symptoms indicate the presence of calculi in the ureters and the bladder. Regular dull, aching lower back pain, aggravated after physical exertion, should be alerted.
As for the treatment of urolithiasis, in the presence of large stones, their removal is indicated. To do this, laparoscopy is increasingly being used - a gentle surgical procedure that minimizes postoperative complications. Smaller stones are crushed using ultrasound. With small stones, you can live peacefully for a long time, periodically undergoing an ultrasound examination to prevent possible problems. You should also take, in accordance with the doctor’s prescriptions, medicines and drink decoctions of medicinal herbs. Since the causes of kidney stones can be in the wrong diet, you must also follow a certain diet - depending on their composition.