Instructions for the management of industrial waste in trade, a sample of which will be presented later in the article, are compiled on the basis of legislation in force in the field of environmental protection, as well as the requirements of regulatory and methodological documents for protecting land from pollution. The preparation of the document is carried out by the enterprise independently. Consider the following example of a waste management instruction.
General requirements
The standard instruction for the management of industrial waste establishes that the methods of storage, collection, transportation of waste material should exclude the likelihood of pollution of nature, land of settlements. When choosing methods, the safety of personnel involved in activities for its cleaning and disposal should be ensured. Heads of workshops and departments are required:
- To store waste materials and equipment, organize parking facilities of technical equipment exclusively in places designated for these purposes.
- Keep a record of the occurrence, disposal and storage of waste.
- Timely provide a report on the volume of waste material, as well as used again. Documentation must be submitted by the 1st of the first month of each quarter.
- Perform environmental briefing for the personnel of workshops and departments at least 1 p. / Year.
Bans
Instruction for the management of industrial waste in trade does not allow:
- To discharge uncontaminated and untreated wastewater onto the terrain, into watercourses and reservoirs, including for general use, aquifers located underground.
- Burn waste materials in tanks, pits and other places that are not equipped with special devices with a gas cleaning system.
- To place / store household, industrial garbage and other objects within the settlements - sources of air pollution with harmful foul smelling and gaseous substances, dust. It is also not allowed to burn it on the territory of enterprises, institutions, on the ground, except when this procedure is carried out using special plants and in compliance with established requirements.
- Use chemicals with unexplored sanitary toxicological properties.
- Dispose of particularly toxic and potentially harmful substances.
Instructions for the management of production and consumption waste: sample (RF)
The regulatory document establishes the procedure in accordance with which control over the formation, use, transportation, storage and disposal of waste equipment and materials is carried out. The sample instructions for the management of industrial waste determines that supervision is carried out to identify cases of non-compliance with sanitary-epidemiological, environmental, technical rules and norms. The head of the company appoints an employee responsible for accounting, collection, placement, use, disposal, disposal, transportation of waste materials. The relevant data is recorded in a special journal. An order for the enterprise or an order for the workshop / unit appoints the employee responsible for its maintenance.
Checks
The instruction on the management of production waste establishes the obligation to conduct audits at least 1 p. / Month. During them it is checked:
- Serviceability of containers intended for the collection of waste raw materials.
- The condition of the sites on which the waste is temporarily placed.
- Compliance of the accumulated amount of garbage with the established parameters. This check is carried out visually.
- The frequency of garbage removal from the territory.
- Compliance with safety and environmental standards in the process of loading / unloading and transportation of materials.
Responsible persons
The instruction on waste management of the organization’s production requires all departments to keep records of the occurrence, disposal, storage of waste materials transferred / accepted by third parties. For this, responsible persons are appointed. Each such employee must have a territory scheme with areas of temporary garbage storage marked on it. At the same time, the type of waste, the number of containers, and full name are indicated. responsible for the place of accumulation of the person. All units must have special journals. They are filled in the course of generation, transfer or destruction of waste. Appropriate volumes must be documented. It can be an invoice or an act. The journal of the movement of waste material acts as the primary document. Based on the information present in it, subsequent reports are generated.
Transportation rules
What rules for the transportation of waste materials should provide for instructions on the treatment of production and consumption? The sample document contains the following provisions:
- Transportation should be carried out in ways that exclude the possibility of loss of materials, emergency situations, damage to nature, economic and other objects, harm to public health.
- Transportation is carried out only on vehicles specially equipped for this purpose, having the appropriate clearance.
Transportation is allowed:
- If you have a passport for hazardous waste.
- Compliance with safety regulations.
- The presence of accompanying documentation. It should indicate the volume of transported objects, the purpose of transportation and the place of delivery.
The instruction for the management of production and consumption waste prescribes compliance with sanitary standards when carrying out activities for loading / unloading materials. Delivery to special landfills can be carried out by the company's own transport.
Vehicle Equipment
The production waste management instruction establishes that arrangements for unloading / loading should be mechanized. At the same time, vehicles should be equipped with special devices that provide not only safety, but also convenience during work. In particular, when transporting pulverized and solid wastes, the vehicle must be equipped with an independent device or container with gripping devices. Each vehicle used for transporting materials includes:
- A set of tools for repair.
- Fire extinguisher.
The vehicle is also equipped with special information signs. Liquid waste is transported by vehicles equipped with hose-type draining devices. Export of fluorescent lamps is carried out in separate boxes. Transportation of flammable and flammable liquids is carried out in unbreakable, tightly closed containers, eliminating the accumulation of static electricity and sparking.
Important point
During the transportation process, the presence of unauthorized persons except the driver is not allowed in the vehicle. Only persons with at least 3 years of experience, a certificate of the corresponding category, who have passed medical control, coaching and training are allowed to drive transport. Citizens no younger than 18 years old are allowed to work related to transportation, storage, collection of waste. All personnel involved in the performance of these works should know the toxic and explosive fire properties of materials, harmful factors, as well as first aid methods.
Storage
Instructions for the management of hazardous industrial waste establishes the following rules:
- At the collection sites it is allowed to contain waste materials in an amount not exceeding the established norms. It is forbidden to store waste near sources of sparking, heating devices.
- When containing several materials of different types, their compatibility must be taken into account.
- It is forbidden to clutter up the collection sites and approaches / entrances to them.
- It is not allowed to contain foreign objects in storage, as well as personal and protective clothing, personal protective equipment, take food.
After working with waste, wash your hands thoroughly with warm running water and soap. If there are signs of poisoning, it is necessary to stop the activity, notify the head of the site and contact the first-aid post. In places of storage of fire hazardous materials fire extinguishers should be present. Clogging up approaches to fire fighting equipment is not allowed. It is forbidden to smoke and use open flame sources at waste collection and storage areas.
Collection rules
Instructions for the management of industrial waste establishes rules for personnel in contact with breakable materials:
- The collection of lamps containing mercury is carried out at the place of their storage separately from ordinary materials and strictly separately, observing sanitary rules.
- During the collection process, fluorescent lamps are separated in accordance with diameter and length, freed from packaging and installed vertically and tightly in transport containers. The resulting voids must be filled with soft material. Allowed to install lamps with a length of at least 600 mm in 2 rows.
Given the likelihood of depressurization or breaking glass flasks, the following requirements must be observed:
- In the storage room for spent mercury-containing lamps, a supply and exhaust ventilation system must be installed.
- To prevent the spread of mercury during operation, vinyl-plastic or enameled pallets are used.
- The room for storing lamps should be isolated from household.
- To eliminate a possible accident, it is necessary to have a supply of hydrochloric acid or potassium permanganate, as well as a capacity of at least 10 liters for preparing a solution for washing the places where the lamps were broken.
Liquidation of accidents
Instructions for the management of industrial waste contains a section establishing the rules of conduct for personnel in case of emergencies. Citizens who have been instructed are allowed to take measures to eliminate accidents. Persons who are not involved in the specified work must be removed from the site. Instructions for the management of industrial waste in the event of an emergency require:
- To neutralize spilled solvents and chemical solutions with dry sand or sawdust and wipe with a rag moistened with an appropriate composition. After that, the place is thoroughly washed with water with soda or detergent. These works are carried out in personal protective equipment (gas masks, gloves, respirators, etc.).
- In case of fire ignition, the extinguishing is carried out with foam.
- If mercury lamps are broken during storage, they must be taken out for disposal to a specialized enterprise. This operation is carried out during the day. The storage container is treated with a 10% potassium permanganate solution or an acidified hydrochloric acid solution. The collection of fragments is carried out with a brush or a scraper in a metal container with a lockable lid. It should be filled with potassium permanganate solution. The place of breaking is neutralized and washed with water.
- In case of electrolyte spills from the battery, the place is covered with sawdust, then they are collected and removed from the room. The site is treated with a solution of soda (calcined), washed with water and wiped dry with a rag.
- In accordance with environmental requirements for the enterprises of the road transport sector, the places where lubrication is carried out should be equipped with containers for collecting waste material (oils and filters). The plots are equipped so that the likelihood of pollution of surface water and soil is excluded. In case of emergency (fuel oil spill onto the ground, for example), the site is treated with lime. It should be taken at the rate of 1 kg per 1 kg of oil products.
- Transfusion of varnishes and paints from one container to another is carried out on metal pallets. The height of their sides is at least 50 mm. Paints and varnishes, as well as solvents spilled on the floor, are removed immediately with sand or sawdust.
Additionally
In order to prevent emergencies, an example of instructions for the management of industrial waste includes a section on the selection of materials for flooring in rooms where personnel come into contact with waste raw materials. In particular, the following recommendations are provided:
- The type of coating is selected depending on the intensity of exposure to substances in accordance with the requirements stipulated by SNiP 2.03.13.
- Materials for the floor must be resistant to chemical compounds and prevent their sorption.
- The floors of the production facilities must be in good condition. Damaged surfaces with bumps and bumps are not allowed.
Responsibility
Penalties are applied to persons who violate, fail to comply or improperly fulfill the rules established by the instruction. Responsibility can be tightened if, due to negligence or negligence, harm is caused to the health of citizens, property of the enterprise or the environment. The sanctions may also include suspension or restriction of the organization, the operation of individual units or installations. Appropriate decisions are made by authorized state bodies in the manner prescribed by law.
Conclusion
The development of instructions for the management of industrial waste is the responsibility of the heads of enterprises whose activities are associated with the storage, collection, disposal, transportation, disposal of waste materials. The document can be compiled by a special service, the department of health and safety. The development of instructions for the management of industrial waste is carried out taking into account the specifics of the enterprise. If it interacts predominantly with harmful chemicals, this should be reflected in the document. The instructions without fail stipulate rules for the conduct of personnel in emergency situations. The relevant section, among other things, describes how to use protective equipment. The provisions of the instructions must be communicated to all employees of the enterprise and are binding.