Client ... This word very often sounds in everyday life. It has an ancient origin, but for many centuries remains relevant. Moreover, with the introduction of new technologies into our lives, it becomes more and more common in use. The fact that this and who it is is a client will be discussed.
Dictionaries
The word "client" came to us from the Latin language, since it was the Romans who got their first clients. The following meanings are given in dictionaries:
- A free citizen in ancient Rome, who enjoyed the patronage of the patron and was dependent on him.
- A person or company resorting to the services of lawyers, banks.
- A person who is served in a hairdressing salon, dry cleaning, shoe or other workshop, that is, a visitor, or a customer.
- One of the components of an information system that sends requests to a server.
We will talk more about some of them below, as well as about other meanings of the word.
Roman client
Who is this client in ancient Rome? To understand, you need to familiarize yourself with the previously existing form of social dependence - the clientele. The clientele included a number of mutual obligations between the patron and his client - legal, economic and social.
These relations arose at the time of the decomposition of the tribal system, that is, long before the division of Roman citizens into patricians and plebeians. Since the stratification of society, the clientele institution has been further developed. He acquired great importance in the republican period, when client obligations were often transferred to heirs.
The responsibilities of the client included:
- escort of a cartridge to the Forum;
- electoral support;
- participation in the war under his command.
The cartridge committed itself to:
- protecting the client during litigation;
- redemption of family members who have become addicted;
- maintaining minimum living needs.
At the same time, material support was provided by the client for his cartridge in case he fell into a difficult situation.
Customers were accepted into the patron saint and given its generic name. They were allowed to take part in family festivities, they were buried in the family cemetery. Typically, the clients were artisans, farmers, shepherds. Land was given to them by cartridges, which, presumably, took them from the patrimonial land fund or from a loan - public lands.
The conditions under which the land was issued are unknown. Some scholars believe that customers using it become practically slaves of the family, while others equate their situation with serfs. According to Russian legal scholars, clients became the hereditary estate, but still were not slaves.
Client in the civil law of the Russian Federation
According to civil law, a client is a customer who is an individual or legal entity that has a need for any services to be provided by an executor, work is performed.
The provision of services, the performance of work, the purchase of a product from the seller (in the broad sense of the word) involves a written ordering, which is not mandatory and in practice in some cases is missing. For example, in hairdressing salons, shoe shops.
In the Civil Code of the Russian Federation the concept of “customer” is associated with a narrow range of transactions for which the subject is:
- Performance of work.
- Provision of services.
These include the following types of contracts:
- Contracts, which include a household contract, construction, to perform design, survey, work for state needs.
- Contracts for the provision of engineering services performed in construction.
- Contracts for such works as experimental design, research, technological.
- Paid service contracts.
In addition to those indicated, the concept of the customer, that is, the customer, applies to transactions in accordance with which goods are delivered, work is performed and services are provided for the needs of the state and municipalities.
What are the clients
It should be noted that there are two types of clients: individuals and client organizations. So, for example, a private lawyer or a law company can provide services to both an individual and any company. Both customers will be customers. In addition to client companies, there may also be client states.
Client - this is a state that is subordinate to another, having a greater influence, in one way or another - economic, political or military. Such states have existed since ancient times, they were in ancient Rome, they exist to this day. A particularly large number of them formed after 1945, at the end of the war with Nazi Germany.
Some of them were influenced by the United States, others by the USSR. For example, during the Cold War, US customers were considered countries such as Nicaragua, Guatemala, El Salvador, Chile, Cuba. There were dictatorships in them, clearly supported by the United States.
Remote Banking
As mentioned above, over time, the word "client" is increasingly entering our lives. One example of this is the introduction of the “Internet-client” system of remote banking services, which operates through a conventional Internet browser. With its help, the same actions are possible as through traditional systems.
The only difference is that installing the distributor system on the user's computer is not necessary. When using the “Internet-client” system, there is an option: when you are in any remote place in the world, control the movement of funds in accounts and make the necessary operations with them.
With all this, it fully meets the requirements for information security. In order to identify the user, special key information carriers with the necessary protection are used. This allows you to provide a high level of protection against hacking and theft of confidential client data, as well as to avoid attempts of fraudulent actions.
Film and TV series
There is another “special” type of service that is provided to customers. In some countries it is legal, in some it is prohibited. This is an intimate service. This is what we are talking about in the popular American television movie “Customer List,” which was first shown on one of the cable channels in the US in 2010. Later, the television series, which was released over three seasons, was also shot.
The plot is based on a real story that happened in Texas in 2004. The main character Samantha, in the past - the Texas "beauty queen", and now an unemployed mother of two children, whose husband, being at odds with the law, went on the run.
Samantha gets a job as a masseuse in a spa, which is associated with prostitution. Later she becomes his mistress. When the list of clients of the salon gets to the police, the heroine is accused of illegal activities and sent to prison. After going through many trials, she again connects with her husband.